Correct Answer: TDNHDHSBMD

Solution : Given:
EDUCATION is written as FCVBBSJNO, and MICROSOFT is written as NHDQPRPEU.

Add and subtract 1 alternately in the positional values of the alphabets of the given word to obtain a required code.
EDUCATION→E + 1 = F; D – 1 = C; U + 1 = V; C – 1 = B; A + 1 = B; T – 1 = S; I + 1 = J; O – 1 = N; N + 1 = O
Thus, EDUCATION is coded as FCVBBSJNO.
MICROSOFT→M + 1 = N; I – 1 = H; C + 1 = D; R – 1 = Q; O + 1 = P; S – 1 = R; O + 1 = P; F – 1 = E; T + 1 = U
Thus, MICROSOFT is coded as NHDQPRPEU
Similarly, follow the same pattern for SEMICIRCLE→S + 1 = T; E – 1 = D; M + 1 = N; I – 1 =H; C + 1 = D; I – 1 = H; R + 1 = S; C – 1 = B; L + 1 = M; E – 1 =D

So, SEMICIRCLE is coded as TDNHDHSBMD. Hence, the first option is correct. 

Correct Answer: 3

Solution : Given:
185 N 5 P 62 M 32 O 4 P 32 = ?

After replacing the letters with the mathematical signs, we get –
= 185 ÷ 5 + 62 – 32 × 4 + 32
= 37 + 62 – 32 × 4 + 32
= 37 + 62 – 128 + 32
= 3

So, 3 is the answer to the given equation. Hence, the fourth option is correct.

Correct Answer: Flute

Solution : The correct answer is the Flute.

The instrument that T. R. Mahalingam is connected to is the flute. Flautist Tiruvidaimarudur Ramaswamy Mahalingam, popularly known as Mali, transformed the genre of Carnatic flute playing. He established the widely recognised flute playing technique that Carnatic flautists still adhere to today.

Correct Answer:

Solution : When the given folded paper is unfolded, it will look like –

Hence, the first option is correct.

Correct Answer: Abolish

Solution : The fourth option is correct.

Explanation: The word obliterate is a verb that means to destroy or wipe out completely. In this context, it implies the removal or elimination of something to the point of total erasure. The synonym abolish aligns with this meaning, as it denotes the act of putting an end to or completely doing away with something.

Therefore, the correct synonym is abolish.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• Patched: This word means to mend or repair.
• Healed: This term refers to the process of becoming healthy or whole again.
• Mended: This word means to repair or fix.

Correct Answer: (15, 21, 8)

Solution : Given:
(6, 15, 1); (5, 6, 3)

The third number is subtracted from the first number and the resultant is multiplied by 3 to obtain the middle number.
(6, 15, 1)→6 – 1 = 5; 5 × 3 = 15
(5, 6, 3)→5 – 3 = 2; 2 × 3 = 6
Let's check each option –
First option: (12, 46, 5)→12 – 5 = 7; 7 × 3 = 21 ≠ 46
Second option: (7, 42, 5)→7 – 5 = 2; 2 × 3 = 6 ≠ 42
Third option: (5, 32, 7)→5 – 7 = –2; –2 × 3 = –6 ≠ 32
Fourth option: (15, 21, 8)→15 – 8 = 7; 7 × 3 = 21

So, the set of numbers given in the fourth option follows the same pattern. Hence, the fourth option is correct.

Correct Answer: 16% loss

Solution : Given: 50 × selling price = 42 × cost price
Selling price = $\frac{42}{50}$ × cost price
Loss percentage = $\frac{\text{cost price – selling price}}{\text{cost price}}$  × 100
= $\frac{\text{cost price} – \frac{42}{50} × \text{cost price}}{\text{cost price}}$  × 100
= $\frac{50-42}{50}$  × 100
= 16%
Hence, the correct answer is a 16% loss.

Correct Answer: ×, +, ×, –

Solution : Given:
12 * 3 * 4 = 6 * 8 * 8

Replace * with the mathematical signs and solve the equations using the BODMAS rule.
Let's check the given options –
First option: +, ×, –, ×
Solving the L.H.S. and R.H.S. of the equation –
L.H.S. = 12 + 3 × 4 = 24
R.H.S. = 6 – 8 × 8 = – 58
L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Second option: ×, +, –, ×
Solving the L.H.S. and R.H.S. of the equation –
L.H.S. = 12 × 3 + 4 = 40
R.H.S. = 6 – 8 × 8 = – 58
L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
Third option: ×, +, ×, –
Solving the L.H.S. and R.H.S. of the equation –
L.H.S. = 12 × 3 + 4 = 40
R.H.S. = 6 × 8 – 8 = 40 
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Fourth option: ×, –, ×, +
Solving the L.H.S. and R.H.S. of the equation –
L.H.S. = 12 × 3 – 4 = 32
R.H.S. = 6 × 8 + 8 = 56
L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.

So only the third option satisfies the equation. Hence, the third option is correct.

Correct Answer: Guava

Solution : Here, as per the given instructions –
apple represents pear; pear represents orange; orange represents guava; guava represents melon

Since, in the real world, the citrus fruit is orange, therefore, according to the fruit code, the orange will be guava.

Hence, the fourth option is correct.

Correct Answer: a quiet

Solution : The fourth option is the correct answer.

Explanation: The word "quite" is a misspelling, and the correct word in this context is "quiet", which means free from disturbance or loud noise.

Therefore, the correct sentence should be: It was a quiet afternoon, so Dan decided to take a nap.