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Get UpdatesUnion Public Service Commission provided the change of IAS 2024 exam centres for the candidates of Imphal (Manipur). Imphal candidates can make use of the exam centre change facility from April 8 to 19, 2024. The commission has postponed the UPSC IAS 2024 exam date (prelims) due to the schedule of the upcoming Lok Sabha elections.
Latest - UPSC has released the results of the IAS exam 2023 on April 16, 2024. Candidates can go to their official website upsc.gov.in to check and download the UPSC IAS results.
New: UPSC IAS 2023 final Result & Toppers List |UPSC CSE 2023 cutoff
Latest: UPSC CSE sample papers | Complete guide | UPSC IAS 2024 application OUT; Direct link
Also See: UPSC IAS Mains question papers (2016-23)
Latest - UPSC has released the UPSC 2023 Cut off on April 18, 2024. Candidates can go to their official website and download the cut offs.
UPSC IAS 2024 exam (prelims) will be held on June 16, 2024 (Revised). UPSC provided the IAS 2024 application form correction window from March 7 to 13, 2024 at upsc.gov.in. The IAS 2024 application form was closed on March 6 (Extended date) on the official website.
Candidates who submitted the application form successfully will be able to download the IAS admit card 2024 fifteen days before the UPSC IAS exam date 2024. Candidates can make use of the UPSC syllabus for their exam preparation. They can download the IAS syllabus as a PDF file.
The CSE selection process comprises the prelims exam, mains exam and personal interview. To improve the IAS exam preparation, Candidates may refer to the previous year's CSE exam question paper. For more details about the Civil Services exam, candidates can check the details below.
The official IAS exam notification was released on February 14, 2024. Along with the notification, the commission also released the IAS application form 2024 at upsc.gov.in / upsconline.nic.in. Before applying for the UPSC exam 2024, aspirants must ensure they fulfil the minimum eligibility criteria.
| Year | Final Vacancies |
| 2024 | 1056 |
| 2023 | 1105 |
| 2022 | 1011 |
| 2021 | 712 |
| 2020 | 796 |
| 2019 | 927 |
| 2018 | 812 |
| 2017 | 990 |
| 2016 | 1209 |
| 2015 | 1164 |
| 2014 | 1364 |
| 2013 | 1228 |
| 2012 | 1091 |
| 2011 | 1001 |
| 2010 | 1043 |
| 2009 | 989 |
| 2008 | 881 |
| 2007 | 734 |
| 2006 | 553 |
Suppose candidates face any problem with any aspect of the IAS exam 2024. In that case, they can contact the Union Public Service Commission at the following address, phone number and email.
UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Dholpur House,
Shahjahan Road, New Delhi - 110069
Facilitation Counter : 011-23098543 / 23385271 / 23381125 / 23098591
Email : feedback-upsc@gov.in
Who is eligible for IAS exam?
As per the minimum eligibility to apply for the IAS exam, candidates should have graduated from a recognized university and should be at least 21 years of age and not more than 32 years of age.
What are the 3 exams of IAS?
As per the selection process of IAS exam, there are three exams. They are prelims, mains and personality test/personal interview.
Can I join IAS after 12th?
No, candidates should have completed graduation from a recognized university are eligible to apply for the IAS exam.
What is the full form of UPSC CSE?
The full form of UPSC CSE is the Union Public Service Commission Civil Services Examination. The CSE exam is commonly known as the IAS exam by many. IAS full form is Indian Administrative Services. The objective of the IAS exam is to recruit eligible and qualified civil servants, such as IAS officers, for the task at hand.
What is the UPSC IAS exam?
The Civil Services exam is a highly prestigious exam conducted by the Commission to recruit eligible and qualified candidates as civil servants in different state departments. The sort form of the Civil Service Exam is CSE. It is commonly known as the IAS exam by many. The number of applicants who clear the CSE exam every is .01% of the total number of candidates that appear for the exam every year.
The IAS exam is held once every by the Commission. The UPSC CSE recruitment process has three stages - prelims, mains and personality tests. On clearing, all the stages of the CSE exam candidates are recruited to Group A and B services across the country in different states and UTs.
The IAS exam is conducted to test the knowledge of candidates in every field possible. The Civil Service exam tests candidates in every way possible based on various parameters. So to qualify the CSE exam one must have the knowledge and a basic understanding of every field. The final selection of the IAS exam is based on the main exam and the interview.
Union Public Service Commission conducts the Civil Services examination for the recruitment of candidates to services like Indian Administrative Services (IAS Exam), Indian Police Services (IPS) and Indian Forest Services (IFS) and Central Services such as Indian Audit and Accounts Service (IA&AS), Indian Foreign Service etc.
Applicants who qualify the IAS exam will then have to undergo training for the service they are selected for before they are deputed to their respective cadres. A total of 24 services are recruited through the CSE exam. salary of IAS officer is mentioned in the official UPSC CSE notification 2024.
| Full Exam Name | UPSC Civil Services Exam |
| Short Exam Name | UPSC CSE |
| Conducting Body | Union Public Service Commission |
| Frequency of Conduct | Once a year |
| Exam Level | National Level Exam |
| Languages | English, Hindi |
| Mode of Application | Offline / Online |
| Application Fee (General) | 100 Rs [Offline] |
| Mode of Exam | Offline |
| Mode of Counselling | Offline |
| UPSC CSE Preliminary Exam - Duration | 4 Hours +1 More |
| Number of Seats | 1056 Seats |
Upcoming Dates and Events
16 Jun, 2024
Exam | Mode: Offline
Past Dates and Events
08 Apr, 2024 - 19 Apr, 2024
Choice of Exam City - For Manipur candidates | Mode: Online
Upcoming Dates and Events
20 Sep, 2024
Exam | Mode: Offline
Past Dates and Events
07 Mar, 2024 - 13 Mar, 2024
Application correction window | Mode: Online
14 Feb, 2024 - 06 Mar, 2024
Application | Mode: Online
14 Feb, 2024
Advertisement | Mode: Online
Candidates must check the IAS exam eligibility criteria before filling out the online CSE application form. The eligibility criteria for the CSE exam comprises of age limit, educational qualification, nationality and number of attempts.
Nationality
Candidates applying for IAS exam must be either -
• A citizen of India (or)
• Nepal / Bhutan/a Tibetan refugee (who came to India before January 1, 1962 with the intention of settling down permanently) (or)
• Those migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia and Vietnam to settle in India. These candidates must have an eligibility certificate issued by the Government of India.
Note: Candidates belonging to Nepal, Bhutan or Tibetan refugee are not eligible for appointment to the Indian Foreign Service.
IAS exam age limit
According to the UPSC IAS age limit eligibility criteria, those between 21 to 32 years, can apply for the CSE exam. While applicants belonging to reserved categories are eligible for relaxation in the UPSC age limit as per the rules.
IAS exam age relaxation in upper age limit
| Categories | Age relaxation |
| General | No age relaxation |
| OBC | 3 years |
| SC/ ST | 5 years |
| Defense Services Personnel, who got disabled during operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a consequence | 3 years |
| Ex-servicemen including Commissioned Officers (CO) and ECOs/ SSCOs who will render at least five years Military Service as of August 1, 2024, and have been released | 5 years |
| ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of assignment of five years of Military Service as of August 1, 2024 | 5 years |
| In the following cases: blindness and low vision, deaf and hard of hearing, locomotor disability including acid attack, cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, victims and muscular dystrophy, intellectual disability, autism, specific learning disability and mental illness | 10 years |
| Candidates ordinarily domiciled in the State of Jammu & Kashmir from January 1, 1981, to December 31, 1989. | 5 years |
Academic qualification for IAS exam
Candidate must have a bachelor's degree ( BA , B.Com , B.Sc , BBA , BCA , B.Tech etc.) from recognised university. Those who have appeared in their final year degree examination and whose results is awaited are also eligible for the Civil Service exam.
IAS Exam attempt limit
| Category | IAS Age Limit | Number of Attempts |
| General/ EWS | 32 | 6 |
| OBC | 35 | 9 |
| SC/ ST | 37 | No limit |
| General Physically Disabled | 35 | 9 |
| OBC Physically Disabled | 38 | 9 |
| SC and ST Physically Disabled | 40 | No limit |
| Disabled servicemen (General) | 35 | |
| Disabled servicemen (OBC) | 38 | |
| Disabled servicemen (SC and ST) | 40 |
Mode of Application : Offline and Online
Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card | Bank Challan | Other
The Union Public Service Commission closed the IAS application form correction window on March 13, 2024 at upsc.gov.in. The application form correction window of IAS exam was activated on March 7, 2024.
The commission closed the CSE application form on March 6, 2024 (Extended date). The application form for IAS exam was released in online mode on February 14, 2024 on its official website - upsc.gov.in. Candidates who meet the IAS eligibility criteria can fill out the IAS exam form in online mode only.
The IAS application form has two parts. The instructions to fill out the application form must be followed carefully to avoid the rejection of the IAS form at a later stage of the recruitment process.
Documents required to fill the application form for IAS exam
Valid email ID and mobile number.
Scanned photograph and signature mentioned by the UPSC.
Valid photo ID card details.
Other documents (if applicable).
Personal and academic details
Fee payment details debit/ credit card/ internet banking/ UPI, etc.
Steps to fill CSE Application Form
Open the official website - upsc.gov.in.
Click on the ‘Apply Online link’ available on the web page.
Online One-Time Registration (OTR)- If the applicants are not completed the One Time Registration, They have to complete it by providing some basic details such as personal and contact details.
Login by using valid login credentials Email ID and OTP/Password or Mobile number and OTP/Password or OTR ID and OTP/Password.
Candidates have to fill out the IAS exam application form in two parts which include filling in other details, fee payment, uploading of scanned documents, signature, photo identity card document and selection of preferred exam centre.
IAS exam fee
Category | IAS application fee |
General/ OBC/ EWS | Rs 100 |
SC/ ST/ Ex-Serviceman/ PwD/ Female | Nil |
Check all the details furnished in the application form of IAS exam thoroughly and edit the details if needed.
Once submitted, Applicants will not able to make changes in their IAS application form.
After submission, a registration number will be generated. Candidates have to download it as a pdf file and take a printout for future reference.
Specification of photograph and signature to be uploaded
Document | Specification |
Signature | 20 kb to 300 kb |
Photograph | 20 kb to 300 kb |
Specification about payment of application fee
Payment Method | Payment Gateways |
Offline | Bank challan |
Online | Credit/Visa/RuPay/Master/Debit Card and net banking |
Points to remember for filling IAS Exam Application Form
IAS Application Form: Correction Process
In case there is any mistake in the UPSC IAS application form, the Commission gives candidates the facility of making the required corrections. The IAS application form correction facility will be open from March 7 to 13, 2024 (Revised). Candidates can follow the steps below to make corrections to the UPSC CSE 2024 application form.
IAS Application Correction Process
Visit the official website - upsc.gov.in
Now click on the Login link
Enter the login credentials
Read the correction instructions carefully and click on the "yes" button.
Make the necessary corrections to the IAS exam application form
Submit the corrected application form.
Note - In case of any difficulty while filling or withdrawing the IAS application form, applicants can contact the UPSC’s Facilitation Counter near gate C of its campus in person or over telephone number 011-23385271/ 011-23381125/ 011-23098543.
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General | Offline | Male | ₹ 100 | |
| OBC | Online | Male | ₹ 100 |
Current events of national and international importance |
|---|
History of India and Indian national movement |
|---|
Indian and world geography |
|---|
| Physical, social, economic geography of India and the world |
Indian polity and governance |
|---|
| Constitution, political system, panchayati raj, public policy, rights issues, etc |
Economic and social development |
|---|
| Sustainable development, poverty, inclusion, demographics, social sector initiatives, etc |
General issues on environmental ecology, biodiversity, and climate change |
|---|
General science |
|---|
Comprehension |
|---|
Interpersonal skills including communication skills |
|---|
Logical reasoning and analytical ability |
|---|
Decision-making and problem-solving |
|---|
General mental ability |
|---|
Basic numeracy (class-X level) |
|---|
| Numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc |
Data interpretation (class-X level) |
|---|
| Charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc |
Comprehension of given passages |
|---|
Precis writing |
|---|
Usage and vocabulary |
|---|
Short essays |
|---|
Comprehension of given passages |
|---|
Precis writing |
|---|
Usage and vocabulary |
|---|
Short essays |
|---|
Translation from English to the Indian language and vice-versa |
|---|
Indian heritage and culture, history, and geography of the world and society |
|---|
| Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of art forms, literature, and architecture from ancient to modern times |
| Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present-significant events, personalities, issues |
| The freedom struggle-its various stages and important contributors/ contributions from different parts of the country |
| Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country |
| History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization |
| Political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism, etc-their forms and effect on the society |
| Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India |
| Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty, and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems, and their remedies |
| Effects of globalization on indian society |
| Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism, and secularism |
| Salient features of world’s physical geography |
| Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including south Asia and the Indian subcontinent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India) |
| Important geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic activity, cyclone etc |
| Geographical features and their location changes in critical geographical features (including water bodies and icecaps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes |
Governance, constitution, polity, social justice, and international relations |
|---|
| Indian constitution-historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure |
| Functions and responsibilities of the union and the states, issues, and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein |
| Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions |
| Comparison of the indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries |
| Parliament and state legislatures-structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers, and privileges and issues arising out of these |
| Structure, organization, and functioning of the executive and the judiciary ministries and departments of the government; pressure groups and formal/ informal associations and their role in the polity |
| Salient features of the representation of people’s act |
| Appointment to various constitutional posts, powers, functions, and responsibilities of various constitutional bodies |
| Statutory, regulatory, and various quasi-judicial bodies |
| Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation |
| Development processes and the development industry-the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional, and other stakeholders |
| Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the centre and states and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions, and bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections |
| Issues relating to development and management of social sector/ services relating to health, education, human resources |
| Issues relating to poverty and hunger |
| Important aspects of governance, transparency, and accountability, e-governance-applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency and accountability and institutional, and other measures |
| Role of civil services in a democracy |
| India and its neighborhood-relations |
| Bilateral, regional, and global groupings and agreements involving India and/ or affecting India’s interests |
| Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora |
| Important International institutions, agencies, and fora-their structure, mandate |
Technology, economic development, biodiversity, environment, security, and disaster management |
|---|
| Indian economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment |
| Inclusive growth and issues arising from it |
| Government budgeting |
| Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport, and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers |
| Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; public distribution system-objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; technology missions; economics of animal-rearing |
| Food processing and related industries in India-scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management |
| Land reforms in india |
| Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth |
| Infrastructure: Energy, ports, roads, airports, railways, etc |
| Investment models |
| Science and technology-developments and their applications, and effects in everyday life |
| Achievements of Indians in science and technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology |
| Awareness in the fields of IT, space, computers, robotics, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and issues relating to intellectual property rights |
| Conservation, environmental pollution, and degradation, environmental impact assessment |
| Disaster and disaster management |
| Linkages between development and spread of extremism |
| Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security |
| Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention |
| Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism |
| Various security forces and agencies and their mandate |
Ethics, integrity, and aptitude |
|---|
| Ethics and human Interface: Essence, determinants, and consequences of ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human values-lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders |
| Ethics and human Interface: Human values-reformers and administrators; role of family, society, and educational institutions in inculcating values |
| Attitude: Content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion |
| Aptitude and foundational values for civil service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance, and compassion towards the weaker sections |
| Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance |
| Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India, and world |
| Public/ civil service values and ethics in public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance |
| Public/ civil service values and ethics in public administration: Accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance |
| Probity in governance: Concept of public service; philosophical basis of governance and probity; information sharing and transparency in government, right to information, codes of ethics, codes of conduct, citizen’s charters, work culture |
| Probity in governance: Quality of service delivery, utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption |
| Case studies on above issues |
Ecology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management, and conservation |
|---|
| Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution, and production |
| Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of environments |
| Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals, and humans |
| Climate change-international conventions and global initiatives |
| Greenhouse effect and global warming |
| Advance tools for ecosystem analysis-remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) |
Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country |
|---|
| Impact of high yielding and short-duration varieties on shifts in cropping patterns |
| Concepts of various cropping, and farming systems |
| Organic and Precision Farming |
| Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibers, sugar, commercial and fodder crops |
Important features, and scope of various types of forestry plantations such as social forestry, agroforestry, and natural forests |
|---|
| Propagation of forest plants |
| Forest products |
| Agro-forestry and value addition |
| Conservation of forest flora and fauna |
Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops |
|---|
| Their multiplications; cultural, biological, and chemical control of weeds |
Soil-physical, chemical, and biological properties |
|---|
| Processes and factors of soil formation |
| Soils of India |
| Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity |
| Essential plant nutrients and other beneficial elements in soils and plants |
| Principles of soil fertility, soil testing, and fertilizer recommendations, integrated nutrient management biofertilizers |
| Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice soils, nitrogen fixation in soils |
| Efficient Phosphorus and Potassium use |
| Problem soils and their reclamation |
| Soil factors affecting greenhouse gas emission |
Soil conservation, integrated watershed management |
|---|
| Soil erosion and its management |
| Dry land agriculture and its problems |
| Technology for stabilizing agriculture production in rainfed areas |
Water |
|---|
| Use efficiency in relation to crop production, criteria for scheduling irrigations, ways, and means of reducing runoff losses of irrigation water |
| Rainwater harvesting |
| Drip and sprinkler irrigation |
| Drainage of waterlogged soils, quality of irrigation water, effect of industrial effluents on soil and water pollution |
| Irrigation projects in India |
Farm management, scope, importance, and characteristics, farm planning |
|---|
| Optimum resource use and budgeting |
| Economics of different types of farming systems |
| Marketing management strategies for development, market intelligence |
| Price fluctuations and their cost; role of cooperatives in agricultural economy; types and systems of farming and factors affecting them |
| Agricultural Price Policy |
| Crop insurance |
Agricultural extension |
|---|
| Its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socioeconomic survey and status of big, small, and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers; training programmes for extension workers |
| Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra’s (KVK) in dissemination of agricultural technologies |
| Non-government organization (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development |
Cell structure, function, and cell cycle |
|---|
| Synthesis, structure, and function of genetic material |
| Laws of heredity |
| Chromosome structure, Chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination breeding |
| Polyploidy, euploids, and aneuploids |
| Mutation-their role in crop improvement |
| Heritability, sterility, and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement |
| Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked, sex-influenced, and sex-limited characters |
History of plant breeding |
|---|
| Modes of reproduction, selfing, and crossing techniques |
| Origin, evolution, and domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources-conservation and utilization |
| Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants |
| Molecular markers and their application in plant improvement |
| Pure-line selection, Pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its significance in plant breeding |
| Heterosis and its exploitation |
| Somatic hybridization |
| Breeding for disease and pest resistance |
| Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization |
| Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop improvement genetically modified crop plants |
Seed production and processing technologies |
|---|
| Seed certification, seed testing, and storage |
| DNA fingerprinting and Seed registration |
| Role of public and private sectors in seed production, and marketing |
| Intellectual property rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues, and its impact on agriculture |
Principles of plant physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation, and metabolism of nutrients |
|---|
| Soil-Water-Plant relationship |
Enzymes and plant pigments |
|---|
| Photosynthesis-modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and anaerobic respiration; C₃, C₄, and CAM mechanisms |
| Carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism |
| Growth and development; photoperiodism and vernalization |
| Plant growth substances and their role in crop production |
| Physiology of seed development and germination; dormancy |
| Stress physiology-draught, salt, and water stress |
Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices, and flower crops |
|---|
| Package practices of major horticultural crops |
| Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture |
| Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and vegetables |
| Landscaping and commercial floriculture |
| Medicinal and Aromatic plants |
| Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition |
Diagnosis of pests and diseases of field crops, vegetables, orchard and plantation crops, and their economic importance |
|---|
| Classification of pests and diseases and their management |
| Integrated pest and Diseases management |
| Storage pests and their management |
| Biological control of pests and diseases |
| Epidemiology and forecasting of major crop pests and diseases |
| Plant quarantine measures |
| Pesticides, their formulation, and modes of action |
Food production and consumption trends in India |
|---|
| Food security and growing population-vision 2020 |
| Reasons for grain surplus |
| National and international food policies |
| Production, procurement, distribution constraints |
| Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food |
| Trends in Poverty, Public Distribution System and Below Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to globalization |
| Processing constraints |
| Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food consumption pattern |
| Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger |
| Nutrient deficiency-micronutrient deficiency: Protein energy malnutrition or protein calorie malnutrition (PEM or PCM), micro nutrient deficiency and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children |
| Food grain productivity and Food security |
Animal nutrition |
|---|
| Partitioning of food energy within the animal: Direct and indirect calorimetry. Carbon-nitrogen balance and comparative slaughter methods. Systems for expressing energy value of foods in ruminants, pigs, and poultry |
| Partitioning of food energy within the animal: Energy requirements for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, lactation, egg, wool, and meat production |
| Latest advances in protein nutrition: Energy protein inter-relationships. Evaluation of protein quality. Use of NPN compounds in ruminant diets. Protein requirements for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, lactation, egg, wool, and meat production |
| Major and trace minerals: Their sources, physiological functions, and deficiency symptoms. Toxic minerals. Mineral interactions. Role of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins in the body, their sources, and deficiency symptoms |
| Feed additives: Methane inhibitors, probiotics, enzymes, antibiotics, hormones, oligosaccharides, antioxidants, emulsifiers, mould inhibitors, buffers etc. Use and abuse of growth promoters like hormones and antibiotics-latest concepts |
| Conservation of fodders: Storage of feeds and feed ingredients. Recent advances in feed technology and feed processing. Antinutritional and toxic factors present in livestock feeds. Feed analysis and quality control |
| Conservation of fodders: Digestibility trials-direct, indirect, and indicator methods. Predicting feed intake in grazing animals |
| Advances in ruminant nutrition: Nutrient requirements. Balanced rations. Feeding of calves, pregnant, work animals, and breeding bulls. Strategies for feeding milch animals during different stages of lactation cycle. Effect of feeding on milk composition |
| Advances in ruminant nutrition: Feeding of goats for meat and milk production. Feeding of sheep for meat and wool production |
| Swine nutrition: Nutrition requirements. Creep, starter, grower, and finisher rations. Feeding of pigs for lean meat production |
| Poultry nutrition: Special features of poultry nutrition. Nutrient requirements for meat and egg production. Formulation of rations for different classes of layers and broilers |
Animal physiology |
|---|
| Physiology of blood and its circulation, respiration; excretion |
| Endocrine glands in health and disease |
| Blood constituents: Properties and functions, blood cell formation, haemoglobin synthesis and chemistry, plasma proteins production, classification, and properties, coagulation of blood; haemorrhagic disorders-anticoagulants, blood groups, blood volume |
| Blood constituents: Plasma expanders, buffer systems in blood. Biochemical tests and their significance in disease diagnosis |
| Circulation: Physiology of heart, cardiac cycle, heart sounds, heartbeat, electrocardiograms. Work and efficiency of heart-effect of ions on heart function, metabolism of cardiac muscle, nervous and chemical regulation of heart |
| Circulation: Effect of temperature and stress on heart, blood pressure and hypertension, osmotic regulation, arterial pulse, vasomotor regulation of circulation, shock. Coronary and pulmonary circulation |
| Circulation: Blood-brain barrier cerebrospinal fluid-circulation in birds |
| Respiration: Mechanism of respiration, transport and exchange of gases-neural control of respiration, chemoreceptors, hypoxia, respiration in birds |
| Excretion: Structure and function of kidney, formation of urine, methods of studying renal function, renal regulation of acid-base balance: Physiological constituents of urine, renal failure-passive venous congestion, urinary secretion in chicken |
| Excretion: Renal regulation of acid-base balance-sweat glands and their function. Biochemical test for urinary dysfunction |
| Endocrine glands: Functional disorders, their symptoms, and diagnosis. Synthesis of hormones, mechanism, and control of secretion-hormonal receptors classification and function |
| Growth and animal production: Prenatal and postnatal growth, maturation, growth curves, measures of growth, factors affecting growth, conformation, body composition, meat quality |
| Physiology of milk production, reproduction, and digestion: Current status of hormonal control of mammary development, milk secretion, and milk ejection. Male and female reproductive organs, their components, and functions |
| Reproduction, and digestion: Digestive organs and their functions |
| Environmental physiology: Physiological relations and their regulation; mechanisms of adaptation, environmental factors and regulatory mechanisms involved in animal behaviour, climatology-various parameters and their importance. Animal ecology |
| Environmental physiology: Physiology of behaviour. Effect of stress on health and production |
Animal reproduction |
|---|
| Semen quality: Preservation and artificial insemination, components of semen, composition of spermatozoa, chemical and physical properties of ejaculated semen, factors affecting semen in vivo and in vitro. Factors affecting semen production and quality |
| Semen quality: Preservation, composition of diluents, sperm concentration, transport of diluted semen. Deep freezing techniques in cows, sheep, goats, swine, and poultry. Detection of estrus and time of insemination for better conception |
| Semen quality: Anoestrus and repeat breeding |
Livestock production and management |
|---|
| Commercial dairy farming: Comparison of dairy farming in India with advanced countries. Dairying under mixed farming and as specialized farming, economic dairy farming. Starting of a dairy farm, capital, and land requirement |
| Commercial dairy farming: Organization of the dairy farm. Opportunities in dairy farming, factors determining the efficiency of dairy animal. Heard recording, budgeting cost of milk production, pricing policy; personnel management |
| Commercial dairy farming: Developing practical and economic rations for dairy cattle; supply of greens throughout the year, feed and fodder requirements of dairy farm. Feeding regimes for young stock and bulls, heifers, and breeding animals |
| Commercial dairy farming: New trends in feeding young and adult stock; feeding records |
| Commercial meat, egg, and wool production: Development of practical and economic rations for sheep, goats, pigs, rabbits, and poultry. Supply of greens, fodder, feeding regimes for young and mature stock. New trends in enhancing production and management |
| Commercial meat, egg, and wool production: Capital and land requirements and socioeconomic concept |
| Feeding and management of animals under drought, flood, and other natural calamities |
Genetics and animal breeding |
|---|
| History of animal genetics |
| Mitosis and meiosis: Mendelian inheritance; deviations to Mendelian genetics; expression of genes; linkage and crossing over; sex determination, sex influenced and sex limited characters; blood groups and polymorphism; chromosome aberrations |
| Mitosis and meiosis: Cytoplasmic inheritance, gene and its structure; DNA as a genetic material; genetic code and protein synthesis; recombinant dna technology |
| Mutations, types of mutations, methods for detecting mutations and mutation rate, transgenesis |
| Population genetics applied to animal breeding: Quantitative vs. qualitative traits; Hardy-Weinberg law; population vs. individual; gene and genotypic frequency; forces changing gene frequency; random drift and small populations |
| Population genetics applied to animal breeding: Theory of path coefficient; inbreeding, methods of estimating inbreeding coefficient, systems of inbreeding; effective population size; breeding value, estimation of breeding value |
| Population genetics applied to animal breeding: Dominance and epistatic deviation; partitioning of variation; genotype X environment correlation and genotype environment interaction; role of multiple measurements; resemblance between relatives |
| Breeding systems: Breeds of livestock and poultry. Heritability, repeatability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations, their methods of estimation and precision of estimates; aids to selection and their relative merits; individual, pedigree |
| Breeding systems: Family and within family selection; pregnancy testing; methods of selection; construction of selection indices and their uses; comparative evaluation of genetic gains through various selection methods |
| Breeding systems: Indirect selection and correlated response; inbreeding, outbreeding, upgrading, cross-breeding, and synthesis of breeds; crossing of inbred lines for commercial production; selection for general and specific combining ability |
| Breeding systems: Breeding for threshold characters. Sire index |
Extension |
|---|
| Basic philosophy, objectives, concept, and principles of extension |
| Different methods adopted to educate farmers under rural conditions |
| Generation of technology, its transfer, and feedback |
| Problems and constraints in transfer of technology |
| Animal husbandry programmes for rural development |
Anatomy, pharmacology, and hygiene |
|---|
| Histology and histological techniques: Paraffin embedding technique of tissue processing and HE staining-freezing microtomy, microscopy bright field microscope and electron microscope. Cytology-structure of cell organelles and inclusions |
| Histology and histological techniques: Cell division-cell types, tissues and their classification, embryonic and adult tissues, comparative histology of organs-vascular, nervous, digestive, respiratory |
| Histology and histological techniques: Musculoskeletal and urogenital systems-endocrine glands, integuments, sense organs |
| Embryology: Embryology of vertebrates with special reference to aves and domestic mammals gametogenesis-fertilization, germ layers, foetal membranes and placentation, types of placenta in domestic mammals, teratology, twins and twinning, organogenesis |
| Embryology: Germ layer derivatives-endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal derivatives |
| Bovine anatomy: Regional anatomy-paranasal sinuses of OX, surface anatomy of salivary glands. Regional anatomy of infraorbital, maxillary, mandibular alveolar, mental and cornual nerve block. Regional anatomy of paravertebral nerves, pudendal nerve |
| Bovine anatomy: Median, ulnar and radial nerves tibial, fibular and digital nerves-cranial nerves, structures involved in epidural anesthesia, superficial lymph nodes, surface anatomy of visceral organs of thoracic |
| Bovine anatomy: Abdominal and pelvic cavities-comparative, features of locomotor apparatus and their application in the biomechanics of mammalian body |
| Anatomy of fowl: Musculo-skeletal system, functional anatomy in relation to respiration and flying, digestion, and egg production |
| Pharmacology and therapeutics drugs: Cellular level of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Drugs acting on fluids and electrolyte balance. Drugs acting on autonomic nervous system. Modern concepts of anesthesia and dissociative anaesthetics. Autacoids |
| Pharmacology and therapeutics drugs: Antimicrobials and principles of chemotherapy in microbial infections. Use of hormones in therapeutics-chemotherapy of parasitic infections |
| Pharmacology and therapeutics drugs: Drug and economic concerns in the edible tissues of animals-chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases. Toxicity due to 'insecticides, plants, metals, non-metals, zootoxins, and mycotoxins' |
| Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and habitation: Assessment of pollution of water, air, and soil-importance of climate in animal health |
| Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and habitation: Effect of environment on animal function and performance relationship between industrialization, and animal agriculture |
| Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and habitation: Animal housing requirements for specific categories of domestic animals viz. Pregnant cows and sows, milking cows, broiler birds-stress |
| Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and habitation: Broiler birds-strain and productivity in relation to animal habitation |
Animal diseases |
|---|
| Etiology, epidemiology pathogenesis, symptoms, post-mortem lesions, diagnosis, and control of infectious diseases of cattle, sheep and goat, horses, pigs, and poultry |
| Etiology, epidemiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment of production diseases of cattle, horse, pig, and poultry |
| Deficiency diseases of domestic animals and birds |
| Diagnosis and treatment of non-specific conditions like impaction, bloat, diarrhoea, indigestion, dehydration, stroke, poisoning |
| Diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders |
| Principles and methods of immunization of animals against specific diseases-hard immunity, disease free zones, ‘zero’ disease concept, chemoprophylaxis |
| Anesthesia: Local, regional, and general-preanesthetic medication. Symptoms and surgical interference in fractures and dislocation. Hernia, choking abomasal displacement-caesarian operations. Rumenotomy-castrations |
| Disease investigation techniques: Materials for laboratory investigation-establishment. Animal health centers disease free zone |
Veterinary public health |
|---|
| Zoonoses: Classification, definition, role of animals and birds in prevalence and transmission of zoonotic diseases-occupational zoonotic diseases |
| Epidemiology: Principle, definition of epidemiological terms, application of epidemiological measures in the study of diseases and disease control. Epidemiological features of air, water, and food borne infections. OIE regulation, WTO |
| Epidemiology: Sanitary and phytosanitary measures |
| Veterinary jurisprudence: Rules and regulations for improvement of animal quality and prevention of animal diseases, state and central rules for prevention of animal and animal product borne diseases, SPCA, veterolegal cases, certificates |
| Veterinary jurisprudence: Materials and methods of collection of samples for veterolegal investigation |
Milk and milk products technology |
|---|
| Market milk: Quality, testing, and grading of raw milk. Processing, packaging, storing, distribution, marketing defects, and their control. Preparation of the following milks: Pasteurized, standardized, toned, double toned, sterilized, homogenized |
| Market milk: Reconstituted, recombined, and flavored milks. Preparation of cultured milks, cultures and their management, yoghurt, dahi, lassi, and shrikhand. Preparation of flavoured and sterilized milks. Legal standards |
| Market milk: Sanitation requirement for clean and safe milk and for the milk plant equipment |
| Milk products technology: Selection of raw materials, processing, storing, distributing and marketing milk products such as cream, butter, ghee, khoa, channa, cheese, condensed, evaporated, dried milk and baby food, ice-cream and kulfi; by-products |
| Milk products technology: Selection of raw materials, processing, storing, distributing and marketing milk products such as whey products, buttermilk, lactose, and casein. Testing, grading, judging milk products-BIS and agmark specifications |
| Milk products technology: Judging milk products-legal standards, quality control nutritive properties. Packaging processing and operational control. Costing of dairy products |
Meat hygiene and technology |
|---|
| Meat hygiene: Ante mortem care and management of food animals, stunning, slaughter and dressing operations; abattoir requirements and designs; meat inspection procedures and judgment of carcass meat cuts-grading of carcass meat cuts |
| Meat hygiene: Duties and functions of veterinarians in wholesome meat production. Hygienic methods of handling production of meat: Spoilage of meat and control measures, post-slaughter physicochemical changes in meat and factors that influence them |
| Meat hygiene: Hygienic methods of handling production of meat-quality improvement methods, adulteration of meat and detection, regulatory provisions in meat trade and industry |
| Meat technology: Physical and chemical characteristics of meat-meat emulsions, methods of preservation of meat-curing, canning, irradiation, packaging of meat and meat products, processing, and formulations |
| Meat technology: By-products-slaughter house by-products and their utilization, edible and inedible by products, social and economic implications of proper utilization of slaughterhouse by-products-argan products for food and pharmaceuticals |
| Meat technology: Poultry products technology-chemical composition and nutritive value of poultry meat, pre-slaughter care and management. Slaughtering techniques, inspection, preservation of poultry meat and products. Legal and BIS standards |
| Meat technology: Poultry products technology-structure composition and nutritive value of eggs microbial spoilage. Preservation and maintenance. Marketing of poultry meat, eggs, and products |
| Meat technology: Rabbit/ fur animal farming-Rabbit meat production. Disposal and utilization of fur and wool, and recycling of waste by products. Grading of wool |
Meaning, scope, and development of anthropology |
|---|
| Relationships with other disciplines: Social sciences, behavioural sciences, life sciences, medical sciences, earth sciences, and humanities |
| Main branches of anthropology, their scope, and relevance: (a) Social-cultural anthropology. (b) Biological anthropology. (c) Archaeological anthropology. (d) Linguistic anthropology |
| Human evolution and emergence of man: (a) Biological and cultural factors in human evolution. (b) Theories of organic evolution (pre-Darwinian, Darwinian, and post-Darwinian) |
| Human evolution and emergence of man: (c) Synthetic theory of evolution; brief outline of terms and concepts of evolutionary biology (Doll’s rule, Cope’s rule, Gause’s rule, parallelism, convergence, adaptive radiation, and mosaic evolution) |
| Characteristics of primates; evolutionary trend and primate taxonomy; primate adaptations; (arboreal and terrestrial) primate taxonomy; primate behaviour; tertiary and quaternary fossil primates; living major primates; comparative anatomy of man and apes |
| Skeletal changes due to erect posture and its implications |
| Phylogenetic status, characteristics, and geographical distribution of the following: (a) Plio-preleistocene hominids in South and East Africa-Australopithecines. (b) Homo erectus: Africa (Paranthropus), Europe-homo erectus (Heidelbergensis) |
| Phylogenetic status, characteristics, and geographical distribution of the following: (b) Asia (homo erectus Javanicus, homo erectus Pekinensis. (c) Neanderthal man: La-Chapelle-Aux-saints (classical type), MT. Carmel (progressive type). (d) Rhodesian man |
| Phylogenetic status, characteristics, and geographical distribution of the following: (e) Homo sapiens: Cro-Magnon, Grimaldi, and Chancelade |
| The biological basis of life: the cell, DNA structure and Replication, Protein synthesis, Gene, Mutation, Chromosomes, and Cell division |
| Principles of prehistoric archaeology |
| Chronology: relative and absolute dating methods |
| Cultural evolution-broad outlines of prehistoric cultures: (i) Paleolithic, (ii) Mesolithic, (iii) Neolithic, (iv) Chalcolithic, (v) Copper-bronze age, (vi) Iron age |
The nature of culture |
|---|
| The concept and characteristics of culture and civilization; ethnocentrism vis-a-vis cultural relativism |
| The nature of society: Concept of society; society and culture; social institution; social groups; and social stratification |
| Marriage: Definition and universality; laws of marriage (endogamy, exogamy, hypergamy, hypogamy, incest taboo); type of marriage (monogamy, polygamy, polyandry, group marriage). Functions of marriage |
| Marriage: Marriage regulations (preferential, prescriptive and proscriptive); marriage payments (bride wealth and dowry) |
| Family: Definition and universality; family, household and domestic groups; functions of family; types of family (from the perspectives of structure, blood relation, marriage, residence and succession); impact of urbanization |
| Family: Industrialization and feminist movements on family |
| Kinship: Consanguinity and affinity; principles and types of descent (unilineal, double, bilateral ambilineal); forms of descent groups (lineage, clan, phratry, moiety and kindred); kinship terminology (descriptive and classificatory) |
| Kinship: Filiation and complementary filiation; descent and alliance |
Economic organization |
|---|
| Meaning, scope, and relevance of economic anthropology; formalist and substantivist debate; principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on hunting and gathering, fishing |
| Swiddening, pastoralism, horticulture, and agriculture; globalization and indigenous economic systems |
Political organization and social control |
|---|
| Band, tribe, chiefdom, kingdom and state; concepts of power, authority and legitimacy; social control, law, and justice in simple societies |
Religion |
|---|
| Anthropological approaches to the study of religion (evolutionary, psychological and functional); monotheism and polytheism; sacred and profane; myths and rituals |
| Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies (animism, animatism, fetishism, naturism, and totemism); religion, magic, and science distinguished; magico-religious functionaries (priest, shaman, medicine man, sorcerer, and witch) |
Anthropological theories |
|---|
| Classical evolutionism (Tylor, Morgan, and Frazer), historical particularism (Boas) diffusionism (British, German, and American), functionalism (Malinowski); structural-functionalism (Radcliffe-Brown), structuralism (Levi-Strauss and E. Leach) |
| Culture and personality (Benedict, Mead, Linton, Kardiner and Cora-Dubois), neoevolutionism (Childe, White, Steward, Sahlins, and service), cultural materialism (Harris), symbolic and interpretive theories (Turner, Schneider, and Geertz) |
| Cognitive theories (Tyler, Conklin), postmodernism in anthropology |
Culture, language, and communication |
|---|
| Nature, origin, and characteristics of language; verbal and non-verbal communication; social context of language use |
Research methods in anthropology |
|---|
| Fieldwork tradition in anthropology, distinction between technique, method, and methodology |
| Tools of data collection: observation, interview, schedules, questionnaire, Case study, genealogy, life-history, oral history, secondary sources of information, participatory methods |
| Analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data |
Human genetics |
|---|
| Methods and application: Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study (pedigree analysis, twin study, foster child, co-twin method, cytogenetic method, chromosomal and karyotype analysis), biochemical methods, immunological methods |
| Methods and application: DNA technology and recombinant technologies |
| Mendelian genetics in man-family study, single factor, multifactor, lethal, sublethal, and polygenic inheritance in man |
| Concept of genetic polymorphism and selection, Mendelian population, Hardy-Weinberg law; causes and changes which bring down frequency-mutation, isolation, migration, selection, inbreeding, and genetic drift |
| Consanguineous and non consanguineous mating, genetic load, genetic effect of consanguineous and cousin marriages |
| Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology: (a) Numerical and structural aberrations (disorders). (b) Sex chromosomal aberration-Klinefelter (XXY), turner (XO), super female (XXX), intersex, and other syndromic disorders |
| Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology: (c) Autosomal aberrations-down syndrome, Patau, Edward, and Cri-du-chat syndromes, (d) genetic imprints in human disease, genetic screening, genetic counseling, human DNA profiling |
| Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology: (d) Gene mapping and genome study |
| Race and racism, biological basis of morphological variation of non-metric and characters |
| Racial criteria, racial traits in relation to heredity and environment; biological basis of racial classification, racial differentiation, and race crossing in man |
| Age, sex, and population variation as genetic marker: ABO, Rh blood groups, HLA Hp, transferring, GM, blood enzymes. Physiological characteristics-Hb level, body fat, pulse rate |
| Age, sex, and population variation as genetic marker: Physiological characteristics-respiratory functions and sensory perceptions in different cultural and socioeconomic groups |
| Concepts and methods of ecological anthropology: Biocultural adaptations-genetic and non-genetic factors. Man’s physiological responses to environmental stresses: Hot desert, cold, high altitude climate |
| Epidemiological anthropology: Health and disease. Infectious and non-infectious diseases, nutritional deficiency related diseases |
Concept of human growth and development |
|---|
| Stages of growth-prenatal, natal, infant, childhood, adolescence, maturity, senescence |
| Factors affecting growth and development genetic, environmental, biochemical, nutritional, cultural, and socioeconomic |
| Ageing and senescence |
| Theories and observations, biological and chronological longevity |
| Human physique and somatotypes |
| Methodologies for growth studies |
Relevance of menarche, menopause, and other bioevents to fertility |
|---|
| Fertility patterns and differentials |
| Demographic theories-biological, social, and cultural |
| Biological and socioecological factors influencing fecundity, fertility, natality, and mortality |
Applications of anthropology |
|---|
| Anthropology of sports, nutritional anthropology, anthropology in designing of defence and other equipments, forensic anthropology, methods and principles of personal identification and reconstruction, applied human genetics-paternity diagnosis |
| Genetic counseling and eugenics, DNA technology in diseases and medicine, serogenetics and cytogenetics in reproductive biology |
Evolution of the Indian culture and civilization |
|---|
| Prehistoric (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Neolithic-Chalcolithic), protohistoric (Indus civilization) |
| Pre-Harappan, Harappan, and post-Harappan cultures |
| Contributions of the tribal cultures to indian civilization |
| Palaeo: Anthropological evidences from India with special reference to Siwaliks and Narmada basin (Ramapithecus, Sivapithecus, and Narmada man) |
| Ethno-archaeology in India: The concept of ethnoarchaeology; survivals and parallels among the hunting, foraging, fishing, pastoral and peasant communities including arts and crafts producing communities |
Demographic profile of India |
|---|
| Ethnic and linguistic elements in the indian population and their distribution |
| Indian population-factors influencing its structure and growth |
The structure and nature of traditional Indian social system |
|---|
| Varnashrama, Purushartha, Karma, Rina, and rebirth |
| Caste system in India: Structure and characteristics, Varna and caste, theories of origin of caste system, dominant caste, caste mobility, future of caste system, jajmani system. Tribe-caste continuum |
| Sacred complex and nature-man-spirit complex |
| Impact of Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, and Christianity of Indian society |
Emergence, growth, and development in India |
|---|
| Contributions of the 18th, 19th, and early 20th century scholar-administrators |
| Contributions of indian anthropologists to tribal and caste studies |
Indian village |
|---|
| Significance of village study in India; Indian village as a social system; traditional and changing patterns of settlement and inter-caste relations; agrarian relations in Indian villages; impact of globalization on Indian villages |
| Linguistic and religious minorities and their social, political, and economic status |
| Indigenous and exogenous processes of socio-cultural change in Indian society: Sanskritization, westernization, modernization; inter-play of little and great traditions; Panchayati raj and social change; media and social change |
Tribal situation in India |
|---|
| Biogenetic variability, linguistic, and socioeconomic characteristics of the tribal populations, and their distribution |
| Problems of the tribal communities: Land alienation, poverty, indebtedness, low literacy, poor educational facilities, unemployment, under-employment, health, and nutrition |
| Developmental projects and their impact on tribal displacement and problems of rehabilitation |
| Development of forest policy and tribals |
| Impact of urbanization and industrialization on tribal populations |
Problems of exploitation and deprivation of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and other backward classes |
|---|
| Constitutional safeguards for scheduled tribes and scheduled castes |
| Social change and contemporary tribal societies: Impact of modern democratic institutions, development programmes and welfare measures on tribals and weaker sections |
| The concept of ethnicity; ethnic conflicts and political developments; unrest among tribal communities; regionalism and demand for autonomy; pseudo tribalism |
| Social change among the tribes during colonial and post-independent india |
Impact of Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and other religions on tribal societies |
|---|
| Tribe and nation state-a comparative study of tribal communities in India and other countries |
History of administration of tribal areas, tribal policies, plans, programmes of tribal development and their implementation |
|---|
| The concept of PTGs (Primitive Tribal Groups), their distribution, special programmes for their development |
| Role of NGOS in tribal development |
| Role of anthropology in tribal and rural development |
| Contributions of anthropology to the understanding of regionalism, communalism, and ethnic and political movements |
Microbiology and plant pathology |
|---|
| Structure and reproduction/ multiplication of viruses, viroids, bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma; applications of microbiology in agriculture, industry, medicine, and in control of soil and water pollution; prion and prion hypothesis |
| Important crop diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi, and nematodes; modes of infection and dissemination; molecular basis of infection and disease resistance/ defence; physiology of parasitism and control measures |
| Fungal toxins |
| Modeling and disease forecasting; plant quarantine |
Cryptogams |
|---|
| Algae, fungi, lichens, bryophytes, pteridophytes-structure and reproduction from evolutionary viewpoint; distribution of cryptogams in India and their ecological and economic importance |
Phanerogams |
|---|
| Gymnosperms: Concept of progymnosperms. Classification and distribution of gymnosperms. Salient features of cycadales, ginkgoales, coniferales, and gnetales, their structure and reproduction. General account of cycadofilicales |
| Gymnosperms: Bennettitales and cordaitales; geological time scale; type of fossils and their study techniques |
| Angiosperms: Systematics, anatomy, embryology, palynology, and phylogency. Taxonomic hierarchy; international code of botanical nomenclature; numerical taxonomy and chemotaxonomy; evidence from anatomy, embryology, and palynology |
| Angiosperms: Origin and evolution of angiosperms; comparative account of various systems of classification of angiosperms; study of angiospermic families-magnoliaceae, ranunculaceae, brassicaceae, rosaceae, fabaceae, euphorbiaceae, malvaceae |
| Angiosperms: Study of angiospermic families-dipterocarpaceae, apiaceae, asclepiadaceae, verbenaceae, solanaceae, rubiaceae, cucurbitaceae, asteraceae, poaceae, arecaceae, liliaceae, musaceae, and orchidaceae |
| Angiosperms: Stomata and their types; glandular and non-glandular trichomes; unusual secondary growth; anatomy of C3 and C4 plants; xylem and phloem differentiation; wood anatomy. Development of male and female gametophytes, pollination, fertilization |
| Angiosperms: Endosperm-its development and function. Patterns of embryo development; polyembryony, apomixis; applications of palynology; experimental embryology including pollen storage and test-tube fertilization |
Plant resource development |
|---|
| Domestication and introduction of plants; origin of cultivated plants, Vavilov’s centers of origin |
| Plants as sources for food, fodder, fibers, spices, beverages, edible oils, drugs, narcotics, insecticides, timber, gums, resins and dyes; latex, cellulose, starch and its products; perfumery; importance of ethnobotany in Indian context |
| Energy plantations, botanical gardens, and herbaria |
Morphogenesis |
|---|
| Totipotency, polarity, symmetry, and differentiation; cell, tissue, organ, and protoplast culture |
| Somatic hybrids and cybrids; micropropagation; somaclonal variation and its applications; pollen haploids, embryo rescue methods and their applications |
Cell biology |
|---|
| Techniques of cell biology |
| Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-structural and ultrastructural details; structure and function of extracellular matrix (cell wall) and membranes-cell adhesion, membrane transport and vesicular transport |
| Structure and function of cell organelles (chloroplasts, mitochondria, ER, dictyosomes ribosomes, endosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes; cytoskeleton and microtubules; nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear pore complex; chromatin and nucleosome |
| Cell signaling and cell receptors; signal transduction mitosis and meiosis; molecular basis of cell cycle |
| Numerical and structural variations in chromosomes and their significance; chromatin organization and packaging of genome; polygene chromosomes; B-chromosomes-structure, behavior, and significance |
Genetics, molecular biology, and evolution |
|---|
| Development of genetics, and gene versus allele concepts (pseudoalleles); quantitative genetics and multiple factors; incomplete dominance, polygenic inheritance, multiple alleles |
| Linkage and crossing over of gene mapping including molecular maps (idea of mapping, function); sex chromosomes and sex-linked inheritance; sex determination and molecular basis of sex differentiation; mutations (biochemical and molecular basis) |
| Cytoplasmic inheritance and cytoplasmic genes (including genetics of male sterility) |
| Structure and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins; genetic code and regulation of gene expression; gene silencing; multigene families; organic evolution-evidences, mechanism and theories |
| Role of rna in origin and evolution |
Plant breeding, biotechnology, and biostatistics |
|---|
| Methods of plant breeding-introduction, selection, and hybridization (pedigree, backcross, mass selection, bulk method); mutation, polyploidy, male sterility, and heterosis breeding |
| Use of apomixis in plant breeding; DNA sequencing; genetic engineering-methods of transfer of genes; transgenic crops and biosafety aspects; development and use of molecular markers in plant breeding; tools and techniques-probe, southern blotting |
| Tools and techniques-DNA fingerprinting, PCR, and FISH |
| Standard deviation and coefficient of variation (CV) |
| Tests of significance (Z-test, t-test, and chi-square tests) |
| Probability and distributions (normal, binomial, and Poisson) |
| Correlation and regression |
Physiology and biochemistry |
|---|
| Water relations, mineral nutrition and ion transport, mineral deficiencies |
| Photosynthesis-photochemical reactions, photophosphorylation and carbon fixation pathways; C₃, C₄, and CAM pathways; mechanism of phloem transport |
| Respiration (anaerobic and aerobic, including fermentation)-electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation; photorespiration; chemiosmotic theory and ATP synthesis; lipid metabolism; nitrogen fixation and nitrogen metabolism |
| Enzymes, coenzymes; energy transfer and energy conservation |
| Importance of secondary metabolites |
| Pigments as photoreceptors (plastidial pigments and phytochrome) |
| Plant movements; photoperiodism and flowering, vernalization, senescence; growth substances-their chemical nature, role, and applications in agri-horticulture; growth indices, growth movements |
| Stress physiology (heat, water, salinity, metal); fruit and seed physiology |
| Dormancy, storage, and germination of seed |
| Fruit ripening-its molecular basis and manipulation |
Ecology and plant geography |
|---|
| Concept of ecosystem; ecological factors |
| Concepts and dynamics of community; plant succession |
| Concepts of biosphere; ecosystems; conservation; pollution and its control (including phytoremediation); plant indicators; environment (protection) act |
| Forest types of India-ecological and economic importance of forests, afforestation, deforestation and social forestry; endangered plants, endemism IUCN categories, red data books; biodiversity and its conservation; protected area network |
| Convention of biological diversity, farmers rights; and intellectual property rights; concept of sustainable development; biogeochemical cycles |
| Global warming and climatic change; invasive species; environmental impact assessment; phytogeographical regions of India |
Atomic structure |
|---|
| Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, Schrödinger wave equation (time independent); interpretation of wave function, particle in one-dimensional box, quantum numbers, hydrogen atom wave functions; shapes of s, p, and d orbitals |
Chemical bonding |
|---|
| Ionic bond, characteristics of ionic compounds, lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle; covalent bond and its general characteristics, polarities of bonds in molecules and their dipole moments; valence bond theory, concept of resonance and resonance energy |
| Molecular orbital theory (LCAO method); bonding H₂+, H₂, He₂ + to Ne₂, NO, CO, HF, CN-, comparison of valence bond and molecular orbital theories, bond order, bond strength, and bond length |
Solid state |
|---|
| Crystal systems; designation of crystal faces, lattice structures, and unit cell; Bragg's law; X-ray diffraction by crystals; close packing, radius ratio rules, calculation of some limiting radius ratio values; structures of NaCl, ZnS, CsCl, CaF₂ |
| Stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric defects, impurity defects, semiconductors |
The gaseous state and transport phenomenon |
|---|
| Equation of state for real gases, intermolecular interactions, and critical phenomena and liquefaction of gases; Maxwell’s distribution of speeds, intermolecular collisions, collisions on the wall and effusion |
| Thermal conductivity and viscosity of ideal gases |
Liquid state |
|---|
| Kelvin equation; surface tension and surface energy, wetting, and contact angle, interfacial tension and capillary action |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Work, heat, and internal energy; first law of thermodynamics |
| Second law of thermodynamics; entropy as a state function, entropy changes in various processes, entropy-reversibility, and irreversibility, free energy functions; thermodynamic equation of state; Maxwell relations |
| Temperature, volume, and pressure dependence of U, H, A, G, Cp, and Cv, ®® and ®; J-T effect and inversion temperature; criteria for equilibrium, relation between equilibrium constant and thermodynamic quantities; Nernst heat theorem |
| Introductory idea of third law of thermodynamics |
Phase equilibrium and solutions |
|---|
| Clausius-Clapeyron equation; phase diagram for a pure substance; phase equilibrium in binary systems, partially miscible liquids-upper and lower critical solution temperatures; partial molar quantities, their significance, and determination |
| Excess thermodynamic functions and their determination |
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Debye-Huckel theory of strong electrolytes and Debye-Huckel limiting law for various equilibrium and transport properties |
| Galvanic cells, concentration cells; electrochemical series, measurement of EMF of cells and its applications fuel cells and batteries |
| Processes at electrodes; double layer at the interface; rate of charge transfer, current density; over potential; electroanalytical techniques: Amperometry, ion selective electrodes and their use |
Chemical kinetics |
|---|
| Differential and integral rate equations for zeroth, first, second, and fractional order reactions; rate equations involving reverse, parallel, consecutive, and chain reactions; branching chain and explosions |
| Effect of temperature and pressure on rate constant |
| Study of fast reactions by stop-flow and relaxation methods |
| Collisions and transition state theories |
Photochemistry |
|---|
| Photochemistry: Absorption of light; decay of excited state by different routes; photochemical reactions between hydrogen and halogens, and their quantum yields |
Surface phenomena and catalysis |
|---|
| Adsorption from gases and solutions on solid adsorbents; Langmuir and BET adsorption isotherms; determination of surface area, characteristics and mechanism of reaction on heterogeneous catalysts |
Bioinorganic chemistry |
|---|
| Metal ions in biological systems and their role in ion-transport across the membranes (molecular mechanism), oxygen-uptake proteins, cytochromes, and ferredoxins |
Coordination chemistry |
|---|
| Bonding in transition of metal complexes |
| Valence bond theory, crystal field theory and its modifications; applications of theories in the explanation of magnetism and electronic spectra of metal complexes |
| Isomerism in coordination compounds; IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds; stereochemistry of complexes with 4 and 6 coordination numbers; Chelate effect and polynuclear complexes; trans effect and its theories |
| kinetics of substitution reactions in square-planar complexes; thermodynamic and kinetic stability of complexes |
| EAN rule, synthesis structure, and reactivity of metal carbonyls; carboxylate anions, carbonyl hydrides and metal nitrosyl compounds |
| Complexes with aromatic systems, synthesis, structure, and bonding in metal olefin complexes, alkyne complexes, and cyclopentadienyl complexes; coordinative unsaturation, oxidative addition reactions, insertion reactions |
| Fluxional molecules and their characterization; compounds with metal-metal bonds and metal atom clusters |
Main group chemistry |
|---|
| Boranes, borazines, phosphazenes, and cyclic phosphazene, silicates, and silicones, Interhalogen compounds; sulphur-nitrogen compounds, noble gas compounds |
General chemistry of 'f' block element |
|---|
| Lanthanides and actinides: Separation, oxidation states, magnetic and spectral properties; lanthanide contraction |
Delocalized covalent bonding |
|---|
| Aromaticity, antiaromaticity; annulenes, azulenes, tropolones, fulvenes, sydnones |
Reaction mechanisms |
|---|
| General methods (both kinetic and non-kinetic) of study of mechanisms or organic reactions: Isotopies, method cross-over experiment, intermediate trapping, stereochemistry; energy of activation; thermodynamic control and kinetic control of reactions |
| Reactive intermediates: Generation, geometry, stability, and reactions of carbonium ions and carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, and nitrenes |
| Substitution reactions: SN1, SN2, and SNi, mechanisms; neighbouring group participation; electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of aromatic compounds including heterocyclic compounds-pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and indole |
| Elimination reactions: E1, E2, and E1cb mechanisms; orientation in E2 reactions-Saytzeff and Hofmann; pyrolytic syn elimination-acetate pyrolysis, Chugaev and Cope eliminations |
| Addition reactions: Electrophilic addition to C=C and C≡C; nucleophilic addition to C=O, C®N, conjugated olefins and carbonyls |
| Reactions and rearrangements: (a) Pinacol-pinacolone, Hoffmann, Beckmann, Baeyer-Villiger, Favorskii, Fries, Claisen, Cope, Stevens and Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements. (b) Aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann, Perkin, Knoevenagel, Witting |
| Reactions and rearrangements: (b) Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, Cannizzaro and von Richter reactions; Stobbe, benzoin and acyloin condensations; Fischer indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis, Bischler-Napieralski, Sandmeyer |
| Reactions and rearrangements: (b) Reimer-Tiemann and Reformatsky reactions |
Pericyclic reactions |
|---|
| Classification and examples; Woodward-Hoffmann rules-electrocyclic reactions, cycloaddition reactions [2+2 and 4+2] and sigmatropic shifts [1, 3; 3, 3, and 1, 5], FMO approach |
Preparation and properties of polymers |
|---|
| Organic polymers polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, teflon, nylon, terylene, synthetic and natural rubber |
| Biopolymers: Structure of proteins, DNA, and RNA |
Synthetic uses of reagents |
|---|
| OsO₄, HlO₄, CrO₃, Pb (OAc) ₄, SeO₂, NBS, B₂H₆, Na-liquid NH₃, LiAIH₄, NaBH₄, nBuLi, MCPBA |
Photochemistry |
|---|
| Photochemical reactions of simple organic compounds, excited and ground states, singlet and triplet states, Norrish-Type I and Type II reactions |
Spectroscopy |
|---|
| Principle and applications in structure elucidation: (i) Rotational-diatomic molecules; isotopic substitution and rotational constants, (ii) Vibrational-diatomic molecules, linear triatomic molecules |
| Principle and applications in structure elucidation: (ii) Vibrational-specific frequencies of functional groups in polyatomic molecules. (iii) Electronic-singlet and triplet states. n®®®and ®®®®transitions |
| Principle and applications in structure elucidation: (iii) Electronic-application to conjugated double bonds and conjugated carbonyls Woodward-Fieser rules; charge transfer spectra. (iv) Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR): Basic principle |
| Principle and applications in structure elucidation: (iv) Nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR): Chemical shift and spin-spin interaction and coupling constants. (v) Mass spectrometry: Parent peak, base peak, metastable peak, McLafferty rearrangement |
Engineering mechanics, strength of materials, and structural analysis |
|---|
| Engineering mechanics: Units and dimensions, SI units, vectors, concept of force, concept of particle and rigid body. Concurrent, non-concurrent and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force free body diagram, conditions of equilibrium |
| Engineering mechanics: Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system. First and second moment of area, mass moment of inertia. Static friction. Kinematics and kinetics: kinematics in Cartesian coordinates |
| Engineering mechanics: Kinematics and kinetics-motion under uniform and non-uniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle: Momentum and energy principles, collision of elastic bodies, rotation of rigid bodies |
| Strength of materials: Simple stress and strain, elastic constants, axially loaded compression members, shear force, and bending moment, theory of simple bending, shear stress distribution across cross sections, beams of uniform strength |
| Strength of materials: Deflection of beams-Macaulay's method, Mohr’s moment area method, conjugate beam method, unit load method. Torsion of shafts, elastic stability of columns, Euler’s, Rankine’s, and Secant formula |
| Structural analysis: Castigliano’s theorems I and II, unit load method, of consistent deformation applied to beams and pin jointed trusses. Slope-deflection, moment distribution |
| Structural analysis: Rolling loads and influences lines-influences lines for shear force and bending moment at a section of a beam. Criteria for maximum shear force and bending moment in beams traversed by a system of moving loads |
| Structural analysis: Rolling loads and influences lines-influences lines for simply supported plane pin jointed trusses. Arches: Three hinged, two hinged, and fixed arches, rib shortening, and temperature effects |
| Structural analysis: Matrix methods of analysis-force method and displacement method of analysis of indeterminate beams and rigid frames. Plastic analysis of beams and frames: Theory of plastic bending, plastic analysis, statical method, mechanism method |
| Structural analysis: Unsymmetrical bending-moment of inertia, product of inertia, position of neutral axis and principal axes, calculation of bending stresses |
Design of structures: Steel, concrete, and masonry structures |
|---|
| Structural steel design: Structural steel-factors of safety and load factors. Riveted, bolted, and welded joints and connections. Design of tension and compression members, beams of built up section, riveted and welded plate girders, gantry girders |
| Structural steel design: Stanchions with battens and lacings |
| Design of concrete and masonry structures: Concept of mix design. Reinforced concrete: Working stress and limit state method of design-recommendations of IS codes. Design of one way and two way slabs, staircase slabs |
| Design of concrete and masonry structures: Simple and continuous beams of rectangular, T and L sections. Compression members under direct load with or without eccentricity. Cantilever and counterfort type retaining walls |
| Design of concrete and masonry structures: Water tanks-design requirements for rectangular and circular tanks resting on ground. Prestressed concrete: Methods and systems of prestressing, anchorages |
| Design of concrete and masonry structures: Analysis and design of sections for flexure based on working stress, loss of prestress. Design of brick masonry as per is codes |
Fluid mechanics, open channel flow, and hydraulic machines |
|---|
| Fluid mechanics: Fluid properties and their role in fluid motion, fluid statics including forces acting on plane and curve surfaces. Kinematics and dynamics of fluid flow: Velocity and accelerations, stream lines, equation of continuity |
| Fluid mechanics: Irrigational and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions. Continuity, momentum, energy equation, Navier Stokes equation, Euler’s equation of motion, application to fluid flow problems, pipe flow, sluice gates, weirs |
| Dimensional analysis and similitude: Buckingham’s Pi-theorem, dimensionless parameters |
| Laminar flow: Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates, flow through tube |
| Boundary layer: Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sublayer, smooth and rough boundaries, drag and lift. Turbulent flow through pipes: Characteristics of turbulent flow |
| Boundary layer: Turbulent flow through pipes-velocity distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, hydraulic grade line and total energy line |
| Open channel flow: Uniform and non-uniform flows, momentum and energy correction factors, specific energy, and specific force, critical depth, rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump, gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles, control section |
| Open channel flow: Step method of integration of varied flow equation |
| Hydraulic machines and hydropower: Hydraulic turbines, types classification, choice of turbines performance parameters, controls, characteristics, specific speed. Principles of hydropower development |
Geotechnical engineering |
|---|
| Soil type and structure-gradation and particle size distribution, consistency limits |
| Water in soil-capillary and structural, effective stress and pore water pressure, permeability concept, field and laboratory determination of permeability, seepage pressure, quick sand conditions, shear strength determination, Mohr coulomb concept |
| Compaction of soil-laboratory and field test |
| Compressibility and consolidation concept-consolidation theory, consolidation settlement analysis |
| Earth pressure theory and analysis for retaining walls, application for sheet piles and braced excavation |
| Bearing capacity of soil-approaches for analysis, field tests, settlement analysis, stability of slope of earth walk |
| Subsurface exploration of soils-methods, foundation, type and selection criteria for foundation of structures, design criteria for foundation, analysis of distribution of stress for footings and pile, pile group action, pile load test |
| Ground improvement techniques |
Construction technology, equipment, planning, and management |
|---|
| Construction technology: Engineering materials-physical properties of construction materials with respect to their use in construction-stones, bricks, and tiles; lime, cement, different types of mortars and concrete. Specific use of ferro cement |
| Construction technology: Engineering materials-fiber reinforced CC, high strength concrete. Timber; properties defects-common preservation treatments. Use and selection of materials for specific use like low cost housing, mass housing, high rise buildings |
| Construction: Masonry principles using brick, stone, blocks-construction detailing and strength characteristics. Types of plastering, pointing, flooring, roofing, and construction features. Common repairs in buildings |
| Construction: Principle of functional planning of building for residents and specific use-building code provisions. Basic principles of detailed and approximate estimating-specification writing and rate analysis-principles of valuation of real property |
| Construction: Machinery for earthwork, concreting and their specific uses-factors affecting selection of equipments, operating cost of equipments |
| Construction planning and management: Construction activity-schedules, organization for construction industry, quality assurance principles. Use basic principle of network-analysis in form of CPM and PERT, their use in construction monitoring |
| Construction planning and management: Cost optimization and resource allocation. Basic principles of economic analysis and methods. Project profitability-basic principles of boot approach to financial planning-simple toll fixation criterions |
Surveying and transportation engineering |
|---|
| Surveying: Common methods and instruments for distance and angle measurement for CE work-their use in plane table, traverse survey, levelling work, triangulation, contouring and topographical map. Basic principles of photogrammetry and remote sensing |
| Railways engineering: Permanent way-components, types, and their functions, function and design constituents of turn and crossing, necessity of geometric design of track, design of station and yards |
| Highway engineering: Principles of highway alignments-classification and geometrical design elements and standards for Roads. Pavement structure for flexible and rigid pavements-design principles and methodology of pavements |
| Highway engineering: Typical construction methods and standards of materials for stabilized soil, WBM, bituminous works and CC roads. Surface and sub-surface drainage arrangements for roads-culvert structures |
| Highway engineering: Pavement distresses and strengthening by overlays. Traffic surveys and their application in traffic planning-typical design features for channelized, intersection rotary, etc-signal designs, standard traffic signs, and markings |
Hydrology, water resources, and engineering |
|---|
| Hydrology: Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph, flood frequency analyses, flood routing through a reservoir, channel flow routing-Muskingum method |
| Groundwater flow: Specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficient of permeability, confined and unconfined aquifers, aquifers, aquitards, radial flow into a well under confined and unconfined conditions |
| Water resources engineering: Ground and surface water resources, single and multipurpose projects, storage capacity of reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation |
| Irrigation engineering: (i) Water requirements of crops-consumptive use, duty and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies. (ii) Canals: Distribution systems for canal irrigation, canal capacity, canal losses |
| Irrigation engineering: (ii) Canals-alignment of main and distributary canals, most efficient section, lined canals, their design, regime theory, critical shear stress, bed load. (iii) Water logging: Causes and control, salinity |
| Irrigation engineering: (iv) Canal structures-design of head regulators, canal falls, aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets. (v) Diversion head work: Principles and design of weirs on permeable and impermeable foundation, Khosla’s theory |
| Irrigation engineering: (v) Energy dissipation. (vi) Storage works: Types of dams, design, principles of rigid gravity stability analysis. (vii) Spillways: Spillway types, energy dissipation. (viii) River training: Objectives of river training |
Environmental engineering |
|---|
| Water supply: Predicting demand for water, impurities of water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis, waterborne diseases, standards for potable water |
| Intake of water: Water treatment-principles of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation; slow-, rapid-, pressure-, filters; chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour, and salinity |
| Sewerage systems: Domestic and industrial wastes, store sewage-separate and combined systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers |
| Sewage characterization: BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land |
| Sewage treatment: Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of waste water |
| Solid waste: collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts, management of long-term ill effects |
| Environmental pollution: Sustainable development. Radioactive wastes and disposal. Environmental impact assessment for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. Air pollution. Pollution control acts |
Financing accounting |
|---|
| Accounting as a financial information system; impact of behavioural sciences. Accounting standards example, accounting for depreciation, inventories, research and development costs, long-term construction contracts, revenue recognition, fixed assets |
| Contingencies, foreign exchange transactions, investments, and government grants, cash flow statement, earnings per share |
| Accounting for share capital transactions including bonus shares |
| Right shares, employees stock option and buy-back of securities |
| Preparation and presentation of company final accounts |
| Amalgamations, absorption, and reconstruction of companies |
Cost accounting |
|---|
| Nature and functions of cost accounting |
| Installation of cost accounting system |
| Cost concepts related to income measurement, profit planning, cost control, and decision making. |
| Methods of costing: job costing, process costing, activity based costing |
| Volume-cost-profit relationship as a tool of profit planning |
| Incremental analysis/ differential costing as a tool of pricing decisions, product decisions, make or buy decisions, shut-down decisions, etc |
| Techniques of cost control and cost reduction: Budgeting as a tool of planning and control. Standard costing and variance analysis |
| Responsibility accounting and divisional performance measurement |
Taxation |
|---|
| Income tax: Definitions. Basis of charge; incomes which do not form part of total income. Simple problems of computation of income (of individuals only) under various heads, that is salaries, income from house property |
| Income tax: Profits and gains from business or profession, capital gains, income from other sources, income of other persons included in assessee’s total income |
| Set-off and carry forward of loss |
| Deductions from gross total income |
| Salient features/ provisions related to VAT and services tax |
Auditing |
|---|
| Company audit-audit related to divisible profits, dividends, special investigations, tax audit |
| Audit of banking, insurance, non-profit organization and charitable societies/ trusts/ organizations |
Financial management |
|---|
| Finance function: Nature, scope, and objectives of financial management: Risk and return relationship |
| Tools of financial analysis: ratio analysis, funds-flow and cash-flow statement |
| Capital budgeting decisions: Process, procedures, and appraisal methods. Risk and uncertainty analysis and methods |
| Cost of capital: Concept, computation of specific costs and weighted average cost of capital. CAPM as a tool of determining cost of equity capital |
| Financing decisions: Theories of capital structure-net income (NI) approach, net operating income (NOI) approach, MM approach, and traditional approach |
| Designing of capital structure: Types of leverages (operating, financial and combined), EBIT-EPS analysis, and other factors. |
| Dividend decisions and valuation of firm: Walter’s model, MM thesis, Gordon's model Lintner’s model. Factors affecting dividend policy |
| Working capital management: Planning of working capital. Determinants of working capital. Components of working capital-cash, inventory, and receivables |
| Corporate restructuring with focus on mergers and acquisitions (financial aspect only) |
Financial markets and institutions |
|---|
| Indian financial system: An overview. Money markets: Participants, structure, and instruments. Commercial banks. Reforms in banking sector. Monetary and credit policy of RBI. RBI as a regulator |
| Capital market: Primary and secondary market. Financial market instruments and innovative debt instruments; SEBI as a regulator |
| Financial services: Mutual funds, venture capital, credit rating agencies, insurance and IRDA |
Organization theory |
|---|
| Nature and concept of organization; external environment of organization-technological, social, political, economical, and legal; organizational goals primary and secondary goals, single and multiple goals; management by objectives |
| Evolution of organization theory: Classical neoclassical and system approach |
| Modern concepts of organization theory: Organizational design, organizational structure and organizational culture |
| Organizational design-basic challenges, differentiation and integration process; centralization and decentralization process; standardization/ formalization and mutual adjustment |
| Coordinating formal and informal organizations |
| Mechanistic and organic structures |
| Designing organizational structures-authority and control; line and staff functions, specialization and coordination |
| Types of organization structure-functional |
| Matrix structure, project structure |
| Nature and basis of power, sources of power, power structure, and politics |
| Impact of information technology on organizational design and structure |
| Managing organizational culture |
Organization behaviour |
|---|
| Meaning and concept; individual in organization: Personality, theories, and determinants; perception-meaning and process |
| Motivation: Concepts, theories and applications |
| Leadership-theories and styles |
| Quality of work life (QWL): Meaning and its impact on performance, ways of its enhancement |
| Quality circles (QC) meaning and their importance |
| Management of conflicts in organizations |
| Transactional analysis, organizational effectiveness, management of change |
Human resources management (HRM) |
|---|
| Meaning, nature and scope of HRM, human resource planning, job analysis, job description, job specification, recruitment process, selection process, orientation and placement, training and development process |
| Performance appraisal and 360° feedback, salary and wage administration, job evaluation, employee welfare, promotions, transfers and separations |
Industrial relations (IR) |
|---|
| Meaning, nature, importance, and scope of IR, formation of trade union, trade union legislation, trade union movement in India |
| Recognition of trade unions, problems of trade unions in India |
| Impact of liberalization on trade union movement |
| Nature of industrial disputes: Strikes and lockouts, causes of disputes, prevention and settlement of disputes |
| Workers participation in management: Philosophy, rationale, present day status and future prospects. Adjudication and collective bargaining |
| Industrial relations in public enterprises, absenteeism and labour turnover in Indian industries, and their causes, and remedies, ILO and its functions |
Advanced microeconomics |
|---|
| Marshallian and walrasiam approaches to price determination |
| Alternative distribution theories; Ricardo, Kaldor, Kalecki |
| Markets structure: Monopolistic competition, duopoly, oligopoly |
| Modern welfare criteria: Pareto Hicks and Scitovsky, Arrow’s impossibility theorem, A.K. Sen’s social welfare function |
Advanced macroeconomics |
|---|
| Approaches to employment income and interest rate determination: Classical, Keynes (IS)-LM) curve, neoclassical synthesis and new classical, theories of interest rate determination and interest rate structure |
Money-banking and finance |
|---|
| Demand for and supply of money: Money multiplier quantity theory of money (Fisher, Pique, and Friedman) and Keynes's theory on demand for money, goals, and instruments of monetary management in closed and open economies |
| Demand for and supply of money: Relation between the central bank and the treasury. Proposal for ceiling on growth rate of money |
| Public finance and its role in market economy: In stabilization of supply, allocative, of resources, and in distribution and development. Sources of government revenue, forms of taxes and subsidies, their incidence and effects. Limits to taxation, loans |
| Public finance and its role in market economy: Crowding-out effects and limits to borrowings. Public expenditure and its effects |
International economics |
|---|
| Old and new theories of international trade: (i) Comparative advantage, (ii) terms of trade and offer curve, (iii) product cycle and strategic trade theories, (iv) trade as an engine of growth and theories of underdevelopment in an open economy |
| Forms of protection: tariff and quota |
| Balance of payments adjustment: Alternative approaches-(i) Price versus income, income adjustments under fixed exchange rates, (ii) theories of policy mix, (iii) exchange rate adjustments under capital mobility |
| Balance of payments adjustment: Alternative approaches-(iv) floating rates and their implications for developing countries: Currency boards, (v) trade policy and developing countries |
| Balance of payments adjustment: Alternative approaches-(vi) BOP, adjustments and policy coordination in open economy macromodel. (vii) Speculative attacks. (viii) Trade blocs and monetary unions. (ix) WTO: Trims, trips, domestic measures |
| Balance of payments adjustment: Alternative approaches-(ix) WTO: Different rounds of WTO talks |
Growth and development |
|---|
| Theories of growth: Harrod’s model; Lewis model of development with surplus labour. Balanced unbalanced growth. Human capitals and economic growth. Research and development and economic growth |
| Process of economic development of less developed countries: Myrdal and Kuznets on economic development and structural change-role of agriculture in economic development of less developed countries |
| Economic development and international trade and investment, role of multinationals |
| Planning and economic development: changing role of markets and planning, private-public partnership |
| Welfare indicators and measures of growth: Human development indices. The basic needs approach |
| Development and environmental sustainability-renewable and non-renewable resources, environmental degradation, intergenerational equity development |
Indian economics in post-independence era |
|---|
| Land system and its changes, commercialization of agriculture drain theory, laissez faire theory and critique |
| Manufacture and transport: Jute, cotton, railways, money, and credit |
Indian economy after independence |
|---|
| The pre-liberalization era: (i) Contribution of Vakil, Gadgil and V.K.R.V. Rao. (ii) Agriculture: Land reforms and land tenure system, green revolution, and capital formation in agriculture. (iii) Industry trends in composition and growth |
| The pre-liberalization era: (iii) Role of public and private sector, small scale and cottage industries. (iv) National and per capita income: Patterns, trends, aggregate, and sectoral composition and changes therein |
| The pre-liberalization era: (v) Broad factors determining national income and distribution, measures of poverty, trends in poverty, and inequality |
| The post-liberalization era: (i) New economic reform and agriculture-agriculture and WTO, food processing, subsidies, agricultural prices and public distribution system, impact of public expenditure on agricultural growth |
| The post-liberalization era: (ii) New economic policy and industry-strategy of industrialization, privatization, disinvestments, role of foreign direct investment and multinationals |
| The post-liberalization era: (iii) New economic policy and trade-intellectual property rights: Implications of trips, trims, gats, and new EXIM policy. (iv) New exchange rate regime: Partial and full convertibility, capital account convertibility |
| The post-liberalization era: (v) New economic policy and public finance-fiscal responsibility act, twelfth finance commission and fiscal federalism and fiscal consolidation. (vi) New economic policy and monetary system. Role of RBI under the new regime |
| The post-liberalization era: (vii) Planning-from central planning to indicative planning, relation between planning and markets for growth and decentralized planning: 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments |
| The post-liberalization era: (viii) New economic policy and employment: Employment and poverty, rural wages, employment generation, poverty alleviation schemes, new rural, employment guarantee scheme |
Circuits-theory |
|---|
| Circuit components; network graphs; KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods: Nodal analysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analysis: RL, RC, and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circuits |
| Coupled circuits; balanced 3-phase circuits |
| Two-port networks |
Signals and systems |
|---|
| Representation of continuous-time and discrete, time signals, and systems; LTI systems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on convolution and differential/ difference equations |
| Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, transfer function |
| Sampling and recovery of signals DFT, FFT processing of analog signals through discrete-time systems |
EM theory |
|---|
| Maxwell’s equations, wave propagation in bounded media |
| Boundary conditions, reflection, and refraction of plane waves |
| Transmission lines: Travelling and standing waves, impedance matching, Smith chart |
Analog electronics |
|---|
| Characteristics and equivalent circuits (large and small-signal) of diode, BJT, JFET, and MOSFET |
| Diode circuits: Clipping, clamping, rectifier |
| Biasing and bias stability |
| Fet amplifiers |
| Current mirror; amplifiers: Single and multi-stage, differential, operational feedback, and power |
| Analysis of amplifiers; frequency-response of amplifiers |
| Op Amp circuits |
| Filters; sinusoidal oscillators: Criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and OP AMP configurations |
| Function generators and wave-shaping circuits |
| Linear and switching power supplies |
Digital electronics |
|---|
| Boolean algebra; minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS) |
| Combinational circuits: Arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, and decoders |
| Sequential circuits: Latches and flip-flops, counters, and shift registers |
| Comparators, timers, multivibrators |
| Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, and DACs |
| Semiconductor memories |
| Logic implementation using programmable devices (ROM, PLA, FPGA) |
Energy conversion |
|---|
| Principles of electromechanical energy conversion: Torque and EMF in rotating machines |
| DC machines: Characteristics and performance analysis; starting and speed control of motors |
| Transformers: Principles of operation and analysis; regulation, efficiency; 3-phase transformers |
| 3-phase induction machines and synchronous machines: Characteristics and performance analysis; speed control |
Power electronics and electric drives |
|---|
| Semiconductor power devices: Diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET-static characteristics, and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters: Fully-controlled and half-controlled |
| Principles of thyristor choppers and inverters; DC-DC converters; switch mode inverter; basic concepts of speed control of DC and AC motor drives applications of variable-speed drives |
Analog communication |
|---|
| Random variables: Continuous, discrete; probability, probability functions |
| Statistical averages; probability models; random signals and noise: White noise, noise equivalent bandwidth; signal transmission with noise; signal to noise ratio |
| Linear CW modulation: Amplitude modulation-DSB, DSB-SC, and SSB |
| Modulators and demodulators; phase and frequency modulation: PM and FM signals; narrows band FM; generation and detection of FM and PM, de-emphasis, preemphasis |
| CW modulation system: Super heterodyne receivers, AM receivers, communication receivers, FM receivers, phase locked loop, SSB receiver signal to noise ratio calculation or AM and FM receivers |
Control systems |
|---|
| Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop and closed-loop systems; principles and applications of feedback |
| Control system components |
| LTI systems: Time-domain and transform-domain analysis |
| Stability: Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, bode-plots and polar plots, Nyquist’s criterion; design of lead-lad compensators |
| Proportional, PI, PID controllers |
| State-variable representation and analysis of control systems |
Microprocessors and microcomputers |
|---|
| PC organization; CPU, instruction set, register set timing diagram, programming, interrupts, memory interfacing, I/ O interfacing, programmable peripheral devices |
Measurement and instrumentation |
|---|
| Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements |
| Signal conditioning circuit; electronic measuring instruments: Multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum-analyzer, distortion-meter |
| Transducers: Thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strain-gauge, piezoelectric crystal |
Power systems: analysis and control |
|---|
| Steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables; principles of active and reactive power transfer and distribution; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor correction |
| Economic operation; symmetrical components, analysis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults |
| Concepts of system stability: Swing curves and equal area criterion |
| Static var system |
| Basic concepts of hvdc transmission |
Power system protection |
|---|
| Principles of over current, differential, and distance protection |
| Concept of solid state relays |
| Circuit breakers |
| Computer aided protection: Introduction; line, bus, generator, transformer protection; numeric relays and application of DSP to protection |
Digital communication |
|---|
| Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), delta modulation (DM), digital modulation and demodulation schemes: Amplitude, phase, and frequency keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK) |
| Error control coding: Error detection and correction, linear block codes, convolution codes |
| Information measure and source coding |
| Data networks, 7-layer architecture |
Geomorphology |
|---|
| Process of landform development; endogenetic and exogenetic forces; origin and evolution of the earth’s crust; fundamentals of geomagnetism; interior of the earth’s; geosynclines; continental drift; isostasy; plate tectonics |
| Recent views on mountain building; vulcanicity; earthquakes and tsunamis; concepts of geomorphic cycles and landscape development; denudation chronology; channel morphology; erosion surfaces; slope development |
| Applied geomorphology: Geohydrology, economic geology, and environment |
Climatology |
|---|
| Temperature and pressure belts of the world; heat budget of the earth; atmospheric circulation; atmospheric stability and instability |
| Planetary and local winds; monsoons and jet streams; air masses and frontogenesis, temperate and tropical cyclones; types and distribution of precipitation; weather and climate; Koppen’s, Thornthwaite’s and Trewartha’s classification of world climates |
| Hydrological cycle; global climatic change and role and response of man in climatic changes, applied climatology and urban climate |
Oceanography |
|---|
| Bottom relief of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans; temperature and salinity of the oceans; heat and salt budgets, ocean deposits; waves, currents and tides; marine resources: Biotic, mineral and energy resources; coral reefs and tools |
| Marine resources: Coral bleaching; sea-level changes; law of the sea and marine pollution |
Biogeography |
|---|
| Genesis of soils; classification and distribution of major soils; soil profile; soil erosion, degradation and conservation; factors influencing world distribution of plants and animals; problems of deforestation and conservation measures |
| Social forestry; agroforestry; wild life; major gene pool centers |
Environmental geography |
|---|
| Principle and concept of ecology; human ecological adaptations; influence of man on ecology and environment; global and regional ecological changes and imbalances; ecosystem their management and conservation; environmental degradation |
| Management, and conservation; biodiversity and sustainable development; environmental policy; environmental hazards and remedial measures; environmental education and legislation |
Perspectives in human Geography |
|---|
| Areal differentiation; regional synthesis; dichotomy and dualism; environmentalism; quantitative revolution and locational analysis; radical, behavioural, human and welfare approaches; languages, religions and secularisation; cultural regions of the world |
| Human development index |
Economic geography |
|---|
| World economic development: Measurement and problems; world resources and their distribution; energy crisis; the limits to growth; world agriculture: Typology of agricultural regions; agricultural inputs and productivity; food and nutrition problems |
| World agriculture: Food security; famine-causes, effects, and remedies; world industries: Locational patterns and problems; patterns of world trade |
Population and Settlement Geography |
|---|
| Growth and distribution of world population; demographic attributes; causes and consequences of migration; concepts of over-under-and optimum population; population theories, world population problems and policies, social well-being and quality of life |
| Population as social capital |
| Types and patterns of rural settlements; environmental issues in rural settlements; hierarchy of urban settlements; urban morphology: Concepts of primate city and rank-size rule; functional classification of towns; sphere of urban influence |
| Urban morphology: Rural-urban fringe; satellite towns; problems and remedies of urbanization; Sustainable development of cities |
Regional planning |
|---|
| Concept of a region; types of regions and methods of regionalization; growth centers and growth poles; regional imbalances; regional development strategies; environmental issues in regional planning; planning for sustainable development |
Models, theories, and laws in human geography |
|---|
| System analysis in human geography; Malthusian, Marxian, and demographic transition models; central place theories of Christaller and Losch; Perroux and Boudeville; Von Thunen’s model of agricultural location; Weber’s model of industrial location |
| Rostow's model of stages of growth |
| Heartland and Rimland theories; laws of international boundaries and frontiers |
Physical setting |
|---|
| Space relationship of India with neighbouring countries; structure and relief; drainage system and watersheds; physiographic regions; mechanism of Indian monsoons and rainfall patterns, tropical cyclones and western disturbances; floods and droughts |
| Climatic regions; natural vegetation; soil types and their distributions |
Resources |
|---|
| Land, surface, and groundwater, energy, minerals, biotic and marine resources; forest and wildlife resources and their conservation; energy crisis |
Agriculture |
|---|
| Infrastructure: Irrigation, seeds, fertilizers, power; institutional factors: Land holdings, land tenure, and land reforms; cropping pattern, agricultural productivity, agricultural intensity, crop combination, land capability; Agro and social-forestry |
| Green revolution and its socioeconomic and ecological implications; significance of dry farming; livestock resources and white revolution; aqua-culture; sericulture, apiculture, and poultry; agricultural regionalization; agro-climatic zones |
| Agro-ecological regions |
Industry |
|---|
| Evolution of industries; locational factors of cotton, jute, textile, iron, and steel, aluminium, fertilizer, paper, chemical and pharmaceutical, automobile, cottage and agro-based industries |
| Industrial houses and complexes including public sector undertakings; industrial regionalization; new industrial policies; multinationals and liberalization; special economic zones; tourism including eco-tourism |
Transport, communication, and trade |
|---|
| Road, railway, waterway, airway, and pipeline networks and their complementary roles in regional development; growing importance of ports on national and foreign trade; trade balance; trade policy; export processing zones |
| Developments in communication and information technology and their impacts on economy and society; Indian space programme |
Cultural setting |
|---|
| Historical perspective of Indian society; racial, linguistic and ethnic diversities; religious minorities; major tribes, tribal areas, and their problems; cultural regions; growth, distribution and density of population |
| Demographic attributes: Sex-ratio, age structure, literacy rate, work-force, dependency ratio, longevity; migration (interregional, intra-regional, and international) and associated problems; population problems and policies; health indicators |
Settlements |
|---|
| Types, patterns, and morphology of rural settlements; urban developments; morphology of Indian cities; functional classification of Indian cities; conurbations and metropolitan regions; urban sprawl; slums and associated problems; town planning |
| Problems of Urbanization and Remedies |
Regional development and planning |
|---|
| Experience of regional planning in India; five year plans; integrated rural development programmes; Panchayati Raj and decentralised planning; command area development; watershed management |
| Planning for backward area, desert, drought prone, hill, tribal area development; multi-level planning; regional planning and development of island territories |
Political aspects |
|---|
| Geographical basis of Indian federalism; state reorganization; emergence of new states; regional consciousness and inter state issues; international boundary of India and related issues; cross border terrorism; India’s role in world affairs |
| Geopolitics of south asia and indian ocean realm |
Contemporary Issues |
|---|
| Ecological issues: Principles of environmental impact assessment and environmental management; population explosion and food security; environmental degradation; deforestation, desertification and soil erosion; problems of agrarian and industrial unrest |
| Ecological issues: Regional disparities in economic development; concept of sustainable growth and development; environmental awareness; linkage of rivers; globalization and Indian economy |
General geology |
|---|
| The solar system, meteorites, origin and interior of the earth and age of earth; volcanoes-causes and products, volcanic belts |
| Earthquakes-causes, effects, seismic of zone of India; island arcs, trenches, and mid-ocean ridges; continental drift; seafloor spreading, plate tectonics |
| Isostasy |
Geomorphology and remote sensing |
|---|
| Basic concepts of geomorphology |
| Weathering and soil formations; landforms, slopes, and drainage |
| Geomorphic cycles and their interpretation |
| Morphology and its relation to structures and lithology; coastal geomorphology; applications of geomorphology in mineral prospecting, civil engineering; hydrology and environmental studies; geomorphology of Indian sub-continent |
| Aerial photographs and their interpretation-merits and limitations; the electromagnetic spectrum |
| Orbiting satellites and sensor systems |
| Indian remote sensing satellites |
| Satellite data products; applications of remote sensing in geology; the geographic information system (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS)-its applications |
Structural geology |
|---|
| Principles of geologic mapping and map reading, projection diagrams, stress and strain ellipsoid and stress-strain relationships of elastic, plastic, and viscous materials; strain markers in deformed rocks |
| Behaviour of minerals and rocks under deformation conditions |
| Folds and faults classification, and mechanics; structural analysis of folds, foliations, lineations, joints, and faults, unconformities; time-relationship between crystallization and deformation |
Paleontology |
|---|
| Species-definition and nomenclature; megafossils and microfossils |
| Modes of preservation of fossils; different kinds of microfossils; application of microfossils in correlation, petroleum exploration, paleoclimatic, and paleoceanographic studies; evolutionary trend in hominidae, equidae, and proboscidea |
| Siwalik fauna |
| Gondwana flora and fauna and its importance; index fossils and their significance |
Indian stratigraphy |
|---|
| Classification of stratigraphic sequences: lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic and their interrelationships; distribution and classification of Precambrian rocks of India |
| Study of stratigraphic distribution and lithology of phanerozoic rocks of india with reference to fauna, flora, and economic importance |
| Major boundary problems-Cambrian/ Precambrian, Permian/ Triassic, Cretaceous/ tertiary and Pliocene/ Pleistocene; study of climatic conditions, paleogeography and igneous activity in the Indian sub-continent in the geological past |
| Tectonic framework of india |
| Evolution of the himalayas |
Hydrogeology and engineering geology |
|---|
| Hydrologic cycle and genetic classification of water; movement of subsurface water; springs; porosity, permeability, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity and storage coefficient, classification of aquifers; water-bearing characteristics of rocks |
| Groundwater chemistry |
| Salt water intrusion |
| Types of Wells |
| Drainage basin morphometry; exploration for groundwater; groundwater recharge; problems and management of groundwater; rainwater harvesting; engineering properties of rocks; geological investigations for dams, tunnels highways, railway, and bridges |
| Rock as construction material; landslides causes, prevention, and rehabilitation; earthquake-resistant structures |
Mineralogy |
|---|
| Classification of crystals into systems and classes of symmetry; international system of crystallographic notation; use of projection diagrams to represent crystal symmetry; elements of X-ray crystallography |
| Physical and chemical characters of rock forming silicate mineral groups; structural classification of silicates; common minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks; minerals of the carbonate, phosphate, sulphide, and halide groups; clay minerals |
| Optical properties of common rock forming minerals; pleochroism, extinction angle, double refraction, birefringence, twinning and dispersion in minerals |
Igneous and metamorphic petrology |
|---|
| Generation and Crystallization of Magmas |
| Crystallization of albite-anorthite, diopside-anorthite and diopside, wollastonite, silica systems |
| Bowen's reaction principle; magmatic differentiation and assimilation |
| Petrogenetic significance of the textures and structures of igneous rocks |
| Petrography and petrogenesis of granite, syenite, diorite, basic and ultrabasic groups, charnockite, anorthosite, and alkaline rocks |
| Carbonatites |
| Deccan volcanic province |
| Types and agents of metamorphism |
| Metamorphic grades and zones; phase rule |
| Facies of regional and contact metamorphism; ACF and AKF diagrams; textures and structures of metamorphic rocks |
| Metamorphism of arenaceous, argillaceous, and basic rocks; minerals assemblages |
| Retrograde metamorphism; metasomatism and granitisation, migmatites |
| Granulite terrains of india |
Sedimentary petrology |
|---|
| Sediments and sedimentary rocks: Processes of formation; diagenesis and lithification; clastic and non-clastic rocks-their classification, petrography and depositional environment; sedimentary facies and provenance |
| Sedimentary structures and their significance |
| Heavy minerals and their significance |
| Sedimentary basins of india |
Economic geology |
|---|
| Ore, ore mineral, and gangue, tenor of ore |
| Classification of ore deposits; processes of formation of mineral deposits; controls of ore localization; ore textures and structures; metallogenic epochs and provinces; geology of the important Indian deposits of aluminium, chromium, copper, gold, iron |
| Lead, zinc, manganese, titanium, uranium, and thorium and industrial minerals; deposits of coal and petroleum in India, national mineral policy; conservation and utilization of mineral resources |
| Marine mineral resources and law of sea |
Mining geology |
|---|
| Methods of prospecting-geological, geophysical, geochemical, and geobotanical; techniques of sampling |
| Estimation of reserves of ore; methods of exploration and mining metallic ores, industrial minerals, marine mineral resources, and building stones |
| Mineral beneficiation and ore dressing |
Geochemistry and environmental geology |
|---|
| Cosmic abundance of elements |
| Composition of the planets and meteorites |
| Structure and composition of earth and distribution of elements |
| Trace elements |
| Elements of Crystal Chemistry-types of chemical bonds, Coordination number |
| Isomorphism and polymorphism |
| Elementary thermodynamics |
| Natural hazards-floods, mass wasting, coastal hazards, earthquakes and volcanic activity and mitigation; environmental impact of urbanization, mining, industrial and radioactive waste disposal, use of fertilizers, dumping of mine waste and fly-ash |
| Pollution of ground and surface water, marine pollution |
| Environment protection-legislative measures in India; sea level changes: Causes and impact |
Sources |
|---|
| Archaeological sources: Exploration, excavation, epigraphy, numismatics, monuments |
| Literary sources: Indigenous-primary and secondary; poetry, scientific literature, literature, literature in regional languages, religious literature |
| Foreign account: Greek, Chinese, and Arab writers |
Pre-history and proto-history |
|---|
| Geographical factors; hunting and gathering (Paleolithic and Mesolithic); beginning of agriculture (Neolithic and chalcolithic) |
Indus valley civilization |
|---|
| Origin, date, extent, characteristics-decline, survival and significance, art and architecture |
Megalithic cultures |
|---|
| Distribution of pastoral and farming cultures outside the Indus, development of community life, settlements, development of agriculture, crafts, [ottery, and iron industry |
Aryans and Vedic period |
|---|
| Expansion of Aryans in India: Vedic period-religious and philosophic literature; transformation from rig Vedic period to later Vedic period; political, social, and economical life; significance of Vedic age; evolution of monarchy and Varna system |
Period of Mahajanapadas |
|---|
| Formation of states (Mahajanapada): Republics and monarchies; rise of urban centers; trade routes; economic growth; introduction of coinage; spread of Jainism and Buddhism; rise of Magadha and Nandas |
| Iranian and macedonian invasions and their impact |
Mauryan empire |
|---|
| Foundation of the Mauryan empire, Chandragupta, Kautilya, and Arthashastra; Ashoka; concept of Dharma; edicts; polity, administration, economy; art, architecture, and sculpture; external contacts; religion; spread of religion; literature |
| Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas |
Post-Mauryan period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, western Kshatrapas) |
|---|
| Contact with outside world; growth of urban centers, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art, architecture, culture, literature, and science |
Early state and society in eastern India, Deccan, and south India |
|---|
| Kharavela, the Satavahanas, Tamil states of the Sangam age; administration, economy, land grants, coinage, trade guilds and urban centers; Buddhist centers; Sangam literature and culture; art and architecture |
Guptas, Vakatakas, and Vardhanas |
|---|
| Polity and administration, economic conditions, coinage of the Guptas, land grants, decline of urban centers, Indian feudalism, caste system, position of women, education and educational institutions; Nalanda, Vikramshila, and Vallabhi, literature |
| Scientific literature, art, and architecture |
Regional states during Gupta era |
|---|
| The Kadambas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami; polity and administration, trade guilds, literature; growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions |
| Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya; Vedanta; institutions of temple and temple architecture; Palas, Senas, Rashtrakutas, Paramaras, polity and administration; cultural aspects |
| Arab conquest of Sind; Alberuni, the Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas, Hoysalas, Pandyas; polity and administration; local government; growth of art and architecture, religious sects, institution of temple and Mathas, Agraharas, education and literature |
| Economy and society |
Themes in early Indian cultural history |
|---|
| Languages and texts, major stages in the evolution of art and architecture, major philosophical thinkers and schools, ideas in science and mathematics |
Early medieval India, 750-1200 |
|---|
| Polity: Major political developments in northern India and the peninsula, origin, and the rise of Rajputs |
| The Cholas: Administration, village economy, and society “Indian feudalism” |
| Agrarian economy and urban settlements |
| Trade and commerce |
| Society: the status of the Brahman and The new social order |
| Condition of women |
| Indian science and technology |
Cultural traditions in India, 750-1200 |
|---|
| Philosophy: Shankaracharya and Vedanta, Ramanuja, and Vishishtadvaita, Madhva, and Brahma-Mimansa |
| Religion: Forms and features of religion, Tamil devotional cult, growth of Bhakti, Islam and its arrival in India, Sufism |
| Literature: Literature in Sanskrit, growth of Tamil literature, literature in the newly developing languages, Kalhana's Rajatarangini, Alberuni's India |
| Art and architecture: Temple architecture, sculpture, painting |
The thirteenth century |
|---|
| Establishment of the Delhi sultanate: The Ghorian invasions-factors behind Ghorian success |
| Economic, social, and cultural consequences |
| Foundation of delhi sultanate and early turkish sultans |
| Consolidation: The rule of Iltutmish and Balban |
The fourteenth century |
|---|
| The khalji revolution |
| Alauddin Khilji: Conquests and territorial expansion, agrarian, and economic measure |
| Muhammad Tughluq: Major projects, agrarian measures, bureaucracy of Muhammad Tughluq |
| Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian measures, achievements in civil engineering and public works, decline of the sultanate, foreign contacts, and Ibn Battuta's account |
Society, culture, and economy in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries |
|---|
| Society: Composition of rural society, ruling classes, town dwellers, women, religious classes, caste, and slavery under the sultanate, Bhakti movement, Sufi movement |
| Culture: Persian literature, literature in the regional languages of north India, literature in the languages of South India, sultanate architecture and new structural forms, painting, evolution of a composite culture |
| Economy: Agricultural production, rise of urban economy and non-agricultural production, trade and commerce |
The fifteenth and early sixteenth century-political developments and economy |
|---|
| Rise of provincial dynasties: Bengal, Kashmir (Zainul Abedin), Gujarat |
| Malwa, Bahmanids |
| The vijayanagara empire |
| Lodis |
| Mughal empire, first phase: Babur, Humayun |
| The Sur empire: Sher Shah’s administration |
| Portuguese colonial enterprise, Bhakti, and Sufi movements |
The fifteenth and early sixteenth century-society and culture |
|---|
| Regional cultures specificities |
| Literary traditions |
| Provincial architectural |
| Society, culture, literature, and the arts in Vijayanagara empire |
Akbar |
|---|
| Conquests and consolidation of empire |
| Establishment of jagir and mansab systems |
| Rajput policy |
| Evolution of religious and social outlook |
| Theory of sulh-i-kul and religious policy |
| Court patronage of art and technology |
Mughal empire in the seventeenth century |
|---|
| Major administrative policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan, and Aurangzeb |
| The empire and the zamindars |
| Religious policies of Jahangir, Shahjahan, and Aurangzeb |
| Nature of the mughal state |
| Late seventeenth century crisis and the revolts |
| The ahom kingdom |
| Shivaji and the early maratha kingdom |
Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th centuries |
|---|
| Population agricultural and craft production |
| Towns, commerce with Europe through Dutch, English, and French companies: A trade revolution |
| Indian mercantile classes |
| Banking, insurance, and credit systems |
| Conditions of peasants, condition of Women |
| Evolution of the sikh community and the khalsa panth |
Culture during Mughal empire |
|---|
| Persian histories and other literature |
| Hindi and religious literatures |
| Mughal architecture |
| Mughal painting |
| Provincial architecture and painting |
| Classical music |
| Science and technology |
The eighteenth century |
|---|
| Factors for the decline of the mughal empire |
| The regional principalities: Nizam’s Deccan, Bengal, Awadh |
| Maratha ascendancy under the peshwas |
| The maratha fiscal and financial system |
| Emergence of Afghan power, Battle of Panipat, 1761 |
| State of, political, cultural, and economic, on eve of the British conquest |
European penetration into India |
|---|
| The early European settlements; the Portuguese and the Dutch; the English and the French East India companies; their struggle for supremacy; carnatic wars; Bengal-the conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal; Siraj and the English |
| The Battle of Plassey; significance of Plassey |
British expansion in India |
|---|
| Bengal-Mir Jafar and Mir Kasim; the Battle of Buxar; Mysore; the Marathas; the three Anglo-Maratha wars; the Punjab |
Early structure of the British raj |
|---|
| The early administrative structure; from diarchy to direct control; the regulating act (1773); the Pitt's India act (1784); the charter act (1833); the voice of free trade and the changing character of British colonial rule |
| The english utilitarian and india |
Economic impact of British colonial rule |
|---|
| Land revenue settlements in British India; the permanent settlement; Ryotwari settlement; Mahalwari settlement; economic impact of the revenue arrangements; commercialization of agriculture; rise of landless agrarian labourers |
| Impoverishment of the rural society |
| Dislocation of traditional trade and commerce; deindustrialization; decline of traditional crafts; drain of wealth; economic transformation of India; railroad and communication network including telegraph and postal services |
| Famine and poverty in the rural interior; European business enterprise and its limitations |
Social and cultural developments |
|---|
| The state of indigenous education, its dislocation; orientalist-anglicist controversy, the introduction of western education in India; the rise of press, literature, and public opinion; the rise of modern vernacular literature; progress of science |
| Christian missionary activities in india |
Social and religious reform movements in Bengal and other areas |
|---|
| Ram Mohan Roy, the Brahmo movement; Debendranath Tagore; Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar; the Young Bengal movement; Dayananda Saraswati; the social reform movements in India including Sati, widow remarriage, child marriage, etc |
| The contribution of Indian renaissance to the growth of modern India; Islamic revivalism-the Feraizi and Wahabi movements |
Indian response to British rule |
|---|
| Peasant movement and tribal uprisings in the 18th and 19th centuries including the Rangpur Dhing (1783), the Kol rebellion (1832), the Moplah rebellion in Malabar (1841-1920), the Santal Hul (1855), Indigo rebellion (1859-60) |
| Deccan uprising (1875) and the Munda Ulgulan (1899-1900); the great revolt of 1857-origin, character, causes of failure, the consequences; the shift in the character of peasant uprisings in the post-1857 period |
| The peasant movements of the 1920s and 1930s |
Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism |
|---|
| Politics of association; the foundation of the Indian national congress; the safety-valve thesis relating to the birth of the congress; programme and objectives of early congress; the social composition of early congress leadership |
| The moderates and extremists; the partition of Bengal (1905); the Swadeshi movement in Bengal; the economic and political aspects of Swadeshi movement; the beginning of revolutionary extremism in India |
Rise of Gandhi |
|---|
| Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhi's popular appeal; Rowlatt Satyagraha; the Khilafat movement; the non-cooperation movement; national politics from the end of the non-cooperation movement to the beginning of the civil disobedience movement |
| The two phases of the civil disobedience movement; Simon commission; the Nehru report; the round table conferences; nationalism and the peasant movements; nationalism and working class movements |
| Women and Indian youth and students in Indian politics (1885-1947); the election of 1937 and the formation of ministries; Cripps mission; the Quit India movement; the Wavell plan; the cabinet mission |
Constitutional developments in the colonial India between 1858 and 1935 |
|---|
Other strands in the National movement |
|---|
| The revolutionaries: Bengal, the Punjab, Maharashtra, UP the Madras presidency, outside India |
| The left; the left within the congress: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, the congress socialist party; the communist party of India, other left parties |
Politics of separatism |
|---|
| The Muslim league; the Hindu mahasabha; communalism and the politics of partition; transfer of power; independence |
Consolidation as a nation |
|---|
| Nehru's foreign policy; India and her neighbours (1947-1964); the linguistic reorganization of states (1935-1947); regionalism and regional inequality; integration of princely states; princes in electoral politics; the question of national language |
Caste and ethnicity after 1947 |
|---|
| Backward castes and tribes in post-colonial electoral politics; dalit movements |
Economic development and political change |
|---|
| Land reforms; the politics of planning and rural reconstruction; ecology and environmental policy in post-colonial India; progress of science |
Enlightenment and modern ideas |
|---|
| Major ideas of Enlightenment: Kant, Rousseau |
| Spread of enlightenment in the colonies |
| Rise of socialist ideas (up to Marx); spread of Marxian socialism |
Origins of modern politics |
|---|
| European states system |
| American revolution and the constitution |
| French revolution and aftermath, 1789-1815 |
| American civil war with reference to abraham lincoln and the abolition of slavery |
| British democratic politics, 1815-1850: Parliamentary reformers, free traders, chartists |
Industrialization |
|---|
| English industrial revolution: Causes and impact on society |
| Industrialization in other countries: USA, Germany, Russia, Japan |
| Industrialization and globalization |
Nation-state system |
|---|
| Rise of nationalism in 19th century |
| Nationalism: State-building in Germany and Italy |
| Disintegration of empires in the face of the emergence of nationalities across the world |
Imperialism and colonialism |
|---|
| South and south-east asia |
| Latin america and south africa |
| Australia |
| Imperialism and free trade: Rise of neo-imperialism |
Revolution and counter-revolution |
|---|
| 19th century european revolutions |
| The russian revolution of 1917-1921 |
| Fascist counter-revolution, Italy, and Germany |
| The chinese revolution of 1949 |
World wars |
|---|
| 1st and 2nd World Wars as Total Wars: Societal Implications |
| World War-I: Causes and consequences |
| World War-II: Causes and consequences |
The world after World War-II |
|---|
| Emergence of two power blocs |
| Emergence of third world and non-alignment |
| Uno and the global disputes |
Liberation from Colonial Rule |
|---|
| Latin america-bolivar |
| Arab world-egypt |
| Africa-apartheid to democracy |
| South-east asia-vietnam |
Decolonization and underdevelopment |
|---|
| Factors constraining development; Latin America, Africa |
Unification of Europe |
|---|
| Post war foundations; NATO and European community |
| Consolidation and expansion of european community |
| European union |
Disintegration of soviet union and the rise of the unipolar world |
|---|
| Factors leading to the collapse of soviet communism and soviet union, 1985-1991 |
| Political changes in east europe 1989-2001 |
| End of the cold war and us ascendancy in the world as the lone superpower |
Constitutional and administrative law |
|---|
| Constitution and constitutionalism: The distinctive features of the constitution |
| Fundamental rights-public interest litigation; legal aid; legal services authority |
| Relationship between fundamental rights, directive principles, and fundamental duties |
| Constitutional position of the president and relation with the council of ministers |
| Governor and his powers |
| Supreme court and the high courts: (a) Appointments and transfer. (b) Powers, functions, and jurisdiction |
| Centre, states, and local bodies: (a) Distribution of legislative powers between the union and the states. (b) Local bodies. (c) Administrative relationship among union, state and local bodies. (d) Eminent domain-state property, common property |
| Legislative powers, privileges, and immunities |
| Services under the union and the states: (a) Recruitment and conditions of services; constitutional safeguards; administrative tribunals. (b) Union public service commission and state public service commissions-power and functions |
| Services under the union and the states: (c) Election commission-power and functions |
| Emergency provisions |
| Amendment of the constitution |
| Principle of natural justice-emerging trends and judicial approach |
| Delegated legislation and its constitutionality |
| Separation of powers and constitutional governance |
| Judicial review of administrative action |
| Ombudsman: Lokayukta, Lokpal, etc |
International law |
|---|
| Nature and definition of international law |
| Relationship between international law and municipal law |
| State recognition and state succession |
| Law of the sea: Inland waters, territorial sea, contiguous zone, continental shelf, exclusive economic zone and high seas |
| Individuals: Nationality, statelessness; human rights and procedures available for their enforcement |
| Territorial jurisdiction of states, extradition, and asylum |
| Treaties: formation, application, termination, and reservation |
| United nations: Its principal organs, powers, and functions and reform |
| Peaceful settlement of disputes-different modes |
| Lawful recourse to force: Aggressions, self-defence, intervention |
| Fundamental principles of international humanitarian law-international conventions and contemporary developments |
| Legality of the use of nuclear weapons; ban on testing of nuclear weapons; nuclear non-proliferation treaty, CTST |
| International terrorism, state sponsored terrorism, hijacking, international criminal court |
| New International economic order and monetary law: WTO, TRIPS, GATT, IMF, World Bank |
| Protection and Improvement of the Human environment: International efforts |
Law of crimes |
|---|
| General principles of criminal liability: Mens rea and actus reus, mens rea in statutory offences |
| Kinds of punishment and emerging trends as to abolition of capital punishment |
| Preparations and criminal attempt |
| General exceptions |
| Joint and constructive liability |
| Abetment |
| Criminal conspiracy |
| Offences against the state |
| Offences against public tranquility |
| Offences against human body |
| Offences against property |
| Offences against women |
| Defamation |
| Prevention of corruption act, 1988 |
| Protection of civil rights act, 1955 and subsequent legislative developments |
| Plea bargaining |
Law of torts |
|---|
| Nature and definition |
| Liability based upon fault and strict liability; absolute liability |
| Vicarious liability including state liability |
| General defences |
| Joint Tortfeasors |
| Remedies |
| Negligence |
| Defamation |
| Nuisance |
| Conspiracy |
| False imprisonment |
| Malicious prosecution |
| Consumer protection act, 1986 |
Law of contracts and mercantile law |
|---|
| Nature and formation of contract/ E-contract |
| Factors vitiating free consent |
| Void, voidable, illegal, and unenforceable agreements |
| Performance and discharge of contracts |
| Quasi-contracts |
| Consequences of breach of contract |
| Contract of indemnity, guarantee, and insurance |
| Contract of agency |
| Sale of goods and hire purchase |
| Formation and dissolution of partnership |
| Negotiable instruments act, 1881 |
| Arbitration and conciliation act, 1996 |
| Standard form contracts |
Contemporary legal developments |
|---|
| Public interest litigation |
| Intellectual property rights-concept, types/ prospects |
| Information technology law including cyber laws-concept, purpose/ prospects |
| Competition law-concept, purpose/ prospects |
| Alternate dispute resolution-concept, types/ prospects |
| Major statutes concerning environmental law |
| Right to information act |
| Trial by media |
Language |
|---|
| History of the origin and development of the Assamese language-its position among the Indo-Aryan language, periods in its history |
| Development of assamese prose |
| Vowels and consonants of the Assamese language-rules of phonetic changes with stress on Assamese coming down from old Indo-Aryan |
| Assamese vocabulary-and its sources |
| Morphology of the language-conjugation, enclitic definitives, and pleonastic suffixes |
| Dialectical divergences-the standard colloquial and the Kamrupi dialect in particular |
| Assamese script-its evolution through the ages till 19th century A.D. |
Literary criticism and literary history |
|---|
| Principles of literary criticism up to new criticism |
| Different literary genres |
| Development of literary forms in assamese |
| Development of literary criticism in assamese |
| Periods of the literary history of Assam from the earliest beginnings, that is from the period of the chariya geeta with their socio-cultural background: The proto Assamese pre-Sankaradeva, Sankaradeva, post-sankaradeva |
| Periods of the literary history of Assam from the earliest beginnings, that is from the period of the chariya geeta with their socio-cultural background: Modern period (from the coming of the Britishers), post-independence period |
| Periods of the literary history of Assam from the earliest beginnings, that is from the period of the Chariya Geeta with their socio-cultural background:Special emphasis is to be given on the Vaishnavite period,the Gonaki and the post-independence periods |
Prescribed text |
|---|
| Ramayana (Ayodhya Kanda-by Madhava Kandali only) |
| Parijat-Harana-by Sankaradeva |
| Rasakrida-by Sankaradeva (from Kirtana Ghosa) |
| Bargeet-by Madhavadeva |
| Rajasuya-by Madhava Deva |
| Katha-Bhagavata (books I and II)-by Baikuntha Nath Bhattacharyya |
| Guru Charitra-Katha (Sankaradeva part only)-ed. by Maheswar Neog |
| Mor Jeevan Sonwaran-by Lakshminath Bezbaroa |
| Kripabar BorbaruarKakatar Topola-by Lakshminath Bezbaroa |
| Pratima-by Chandra Kumar Agarwalla |
| Gaonburha-by Padmanath Gohain Barua |
| Manomati-by Rajanikanta Bordoloi |
| Purani Asamiya Sahitya-by Banikanta Kakati |
| Karengar Ligiri-by Jyoti Prasad Agarwalla |
| Jeevanar Batat-by Bina Barva (Birinchi Kumar Barua) |
| Mrityunjoy-by Birendra Kumar Bhattacharyya |
| Samrat-by Navakanta Barua |
History of Bangla language |
|---|
| The chronological track from proto indo-European to Bangla (family tree with branches and approximate dates) |
| Historical stages of Bangla (old, middle, new) and their linguistic features |
| Dialects of bangla and their distinguishing characteristics |
| Elements of bangla vocabulary |
| Forms of bangla literary prose-sadhu and chalit |
| Processes of language change relevant for Bangla: Apinihiti (anaptyxis), Abhishruti (umlaut), Murdhanya Bhavan (cerebralization), Nasik Bhavan (nasalization), Sami Bhavan (assimilation), Sadrishya (analogy), Swaragama (vowel insertion)-Adi Swaragama |
| Processes of language change relevant for Bangla: Madhya Swaragama or Svarabhakti, Antya Swaragama, Svarasangati (vowel harmony), Y-Shruti and W-Shruti |
| Problems of standardization and reform of alphabet and spelling, and those of transliteration and romanization |
| Phonology, morphology, and syntax of modern Bangla (sounds of modern Bangla, conjuncts; word formations, compounds; basic sentence patterns) |
History of Bangla literature |
|---|
| Periodization of Bangla literature: Old Bangla and middle Bangla |
| Points of difference between modern and pre-modern bangla literature |
| Roots and reasons behind the emergence of modernity in bangla literature |
| Evolution of various middle Bangla forms: Mangal kavyas, Vaishnava lyrics, adapted narratives (Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavata) and religious biographies |
| Secular forms in middle bangla literature |
| Narrative and lyric trends in the nineteenth century bangla poetry |
| Development of prose |
| Bangla dramatic literature (nineteenth century, Tagore, post-1944 Bangla drama) |
| Tagore and post Tagoreans |
| Fiction, major authors: Bankimchandra, Tagore, Sarat Chandra, Bibhutibhushan, Tarasankar, Manik) |
| Women and Bangla literature: Creators and created |
Prescribed texts for close study |
|---|
| Vaishnava Padavali (Calcutta university): Poems of Vidyapati, Chandidas, Jnanadas, Govindadas, and Balaramdas |
| Chandimangal: Kalketu episode by Mukunda (Sahitya Akademi) |
| Chaitanya Charitamrita, Madhya Lila by Krishnadas Kaviraj (sahitya akademi) |
| Meghnad Badh Kabya by Madhusudan Dutta |
| Kapalkundala by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee |
| Samya and Bangladesher Krishak by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee |
| Sonar Tari by Rabindranath Tagore |
| Chhinna Patravali by Rabindranath Tagore |
| Raktakarabi by Rabindranath Tagore |
| Nabajatak by Rabindranath Tagore |
| Grihadaha by Sarat Chandra Chatterjee |
| Prabandha Samgraha volume 1, by Pramatha Chowdhury |
| Aranyak by Bibhutibhushan Banerjee |
| Short stories by Manik Bandyopadhyay: Atashi Mami, Pragaitihasik, Holud-Pora, Sarisrip, Haraner Nat Jamai, Chhoto-Bokulpurer Jatri, Kustharogir Bou, Jake Ghoosh Dite Hoy |
| Shrestha Kavita by Jibanananda Das |
| Jagori by Satinath Bhaduri |
| Evam Indrajit by Badal Sircar |
History of Bodo language |
|---|
| Homeland, language family, its present status and its mutual contact with Assamese |
| Phonemes: Vowel and consonant phonemes |
| Tones |
| Morphology: Gender, case and case endings, plural suffix, definitives, verbal suffix |
| Vocabulary and its sources |
| Syntax: Types of sentences, word order |
| History of scripts used in writing bodo language since inception |
History of Bodo literature |
|---|
| General introduction of bodo folk literature |
| Contribution of the missionaries |
| Periodization of bodo literature |
| Critical analysis of different genre (poetry, novel, short story, and drama) |
| Translation literature |
Prescribed text |
|---|
| Khonthai-Methai (edited by Madaram Brahma and Rupnath Brahma) |
| Hathorkhi-Hala (edited by Pramod Chandra Brahma) |
| Boroni Gudi Sibsa Arw Aroz: Madaram Brahma |
| Raja Nilambar: Dwarendra Nath Basumatary |
| Bibar (prose section) (edited by Satish Chandra Basumatary) |
| Bibi Bithai (Aida Nwi): Bihuram Boro |
| Radab: Samar Brahma Chaudhury |
| Okhrang Gongse Nangou: Brajendra Kumar Brahma |
| Baisagu Arw Harimu: Laksheswar Brahma |
| Gwdan Boro: Manoranjan Lahary |
| Jujaini Or: Chittaranjan Muchahary |
| Mwihoor: Dharanidhar Wary |
| Hor Badi Khwmsi: Kamal Kumar Brahma |
| Jaolia Dewan: Mangal Singh Hozowary |
| Hagra Guduni Mwi: Nilkamal Brahma |
History of Dogri language |
|---|
| Dogri language: Origin and development through different stages |
| Linguistic boundaries of dogri and its dialects |
| Characteristic features of dogri language |
| Structure of Dogri language: (a) Sound structure-segmental: Vowels and consonants, non-segmental: Length, stress, nasalization, tone, and Juncture. (b) Morphology of Dogri-(i) Inflection categories-gender, number, case, person, tense, and voice |
| Structure of Dogri language: (b) Morphology of Dogri-(ii) word formation; use of prefixes, infixes, and suffixes. (iii) Vocabulary: Tatsam, tadbhav, foreign, and regional. (c) Sentence structure; major sentence-types and their constituents |
| Structure of Dogri language: (c) Agreement and concord in Dogri syntax |
| Dogri language and scripts: Dogre/ Dogra Akkhar, Devanagari, and Persia |
| A brief account of pre-independence Dogri literature: Poetry and prose |
| Development of modern dogri poetry and main trends in dogri poetry |
| Development of Dogri short-story, main trends, and prominent short-story writers |
| Development of Dogri novel, main trends, and contribution of Dogri novelists |
| Development of dogri drama and contribution of prominent playwrights |
| Development of Dogri prose; essays, memoirs, and travelogues |
| An introduction to Dogri folk literature-folk songs, folk tales 7 ballads |
Poetry |
|---|
| Pre-independence Dogri poetry: The following poets-Devi Ditta, Lakkhu, Ganga Ram, Ramdhan, Hardutt, Pahari Gandhi Baba Kanshi Ram and Permanand Almast |
| Modern Dogri poetry: The following poets-Kishan Smailpuri, Tara Smailpuri, Mohan Lal Sapolia, Yash Sharma, K.S. Madhukar, Padma Sachdev, Jitendra Udhampuri, Charan Singh, and Prakash Premi |
| Sheeraza Dogri number 102, Ghazal Ank: The following poets-Ram Lal Sharma, Ved Pal Deep, N.D. Jamwal, Shiv Ram Deep, Ashwini Magotra and Virendra Kesar |
| Sheeraza Dogri number 147, Ghazal ank, the following poets: R.N. Shastri, Jitendra Udhampuri, Champa Sharma, and Darshan Darshi |
| Ramayan (epic) by Shambhu Nath Sharma (up to Ayodhya Kand) |
| Veer Gulab (Khand Kavya) by Dinoo Bhai Pant |
Prose |
|---|
| Ajakani Dogri Kahani, the following short story writers: Madan Mohan Sharma, Narendra Khajuri, and B.P. Sathe |
| Ajakani Dogri Kahani part-II, the following short story writers: Ved Rahi, Narsingh Dev Jamwal, Om Goswami, Chahttrapal, Lalit Magotra, Chaman Arora, and Ratan Kesar |
| Katha Kunj Bhag II, the following story writers: Om Vidyarthi, Champa Sharma, and Krishan Sharma |
| Meel Patthar (collection of short stories) by Bandhu Sharma |
| Kaiddi (novel) by Deshbandhu Dogra Nutan |
| Nanga Rukkh (novel) by O.P. Sharma Sarathi |
| Nayaan (drama) by Mohan Singh |
| Satrang (a collection of one act plays), the following playwrights: Vishwa Nath Khajuria, Ram Nath Shastri, Jitendra Sharma, Lalit Magotra, and Madan Mohan Sharma |
| Dogri Lalit Nibandh, the following authors: Vishwa Nath Khajuria, Narayan Mishra, Balkrisha Shastri, Shiv Nath, Shyam Lal Sharma, Lakshmi Narayan, D.C. Prashant, Ved Ghai, Kunwar Viyogi |
Texts for detailed study |
|---|
| The Renaissance; Elizabethan and Jacobean drama; metaphysical poetry; the epic and the mock-epic; neoclassicism; satire; the romantic movement; the rise of the novel; the Victorian age |
| William Shakespeare: King lear and the tempest |
| John Donne: The following poems-Canonization; death be not proud; the good morrow; on his mistress going to bed; the relic |
| John Milton: Paradise lost, I, II, IV, IX |
| Alexander Pope: The rape of the lock |
| William Wordsworth: The following poems-ode on Intimations of Immortality. Tintern Abbey. Three years she grew. She dwelt among untrodden ways. Michael. Resolution and Independence. The world is too much with us |
| William Wordsworth: The following poems-Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour. Upon Westminster Bridge |
| Alfred Tennyson: In memoriam |
| Henrik Ibsen: A Doll’s house |
| Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels |
| Jane Austen: Pride and prejudice |
| Henry Fielding: Tom Jones |
| Charles Dickens: Hard times |
| George Eliot: The mill on the floss |
| Thomas Hardy: Tess of the d’Urbervilles |
| Mark Twain: The adventures of Huckleberry Finn |
Texts for detailed study |
|---|
| Modernism; poets of the thirties; the stream of consciousness novel; absurd drama; colonialism and post-colonialism; Indian writing in English; Marxist, psychoanalytical and feminist approaches to literature; postmodernism |
| William Butler Yeats: The following poems-(a) Easter 1916. (b) The second coming. (c) A prayer for my daughter. (d) Sailing to Byzantium. (e) The tower, (f) Among school children. (g) Leda and the swan. (h) Meru. (I) Lapis lazuli. (j) The second coming |
| William Butler Yeats: The following poems-(k) Byzantium |
| T.S. Eliot: The following poems-(a) The love song of J. Alfred Prufrock, (b) Journey of the Magi. (c) Burnt Norton |
| W.H. Auden: The following poems-(a) Partition, (b) Musee des beaux arts, (c) In memory of W.B. Yeats, (d) Lay your sleeping head, my love, (e) The unknown citizen, (f) Consider, (g) Mundus Et Infans, (h) The shield of Achilles, (i) September 1, 1939 |
| W.H. Auden: The following poems-(j) Petition |
| John Osborne: Look back in anger |
| Samuel Beckett: Waiting for godot |
| Philip Larkin: The following poems-(a) Next, (b) please, (c) deceptions, (e) afternoons, (f) days, (g) Mr. Bleaney |
| A.K. Ramanujan: The following poems-(a) Looking for a cousin on a swing, (b) A river, (c) Of mothers, among other things, (d) Love poem for a wife 1, (e) Small-scale reflections on a great house, (f) Obituary |
| Joseph Conrad: Lord Jim |
| James Joyce: Portrait of the artist as a young man |
| D.H. Lawrence: Sons and lovers |
| E.M. Forster: A passage to India |
| Virginia Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway |
| Raja Rao: Kanthapura |
| V.S. Naipaul: A house for Mr. Biswas |
Gujarati language: form and history |
|---|
| History of Gujarati language with special reference to New Indo-Aryan that is last one thousand years |
| Significant features of the Gujarati language: Phonology, morphology, and syntax |
| Major dialects: Surti, pattani, charotari, and Saurastri |
History of Gujarati literature |
|---|
| Medieval: Jaina tradition, Bhakti tradition: Sagun and Nirgun (Jnanmargi), non-sectarian tradition (Laukik parampara) |
| Modern: Sudharak yug, Pandit yug, Gandhi yug, Anu-Gandhi yug, Adhunik yug |
| Literary forms: (salient features, history, and development of the following literary forms)-(a) medieval: 1. Narratives: Rasa, akhyan, and padya varta, 2. Lyrical: Pada, (b) Folk: 3. Bhavai, (c) Modern: 4. Fiction: Novel and short story, 5. Drama |
| Literary forms: (salient features, history, and development of the following literary forms)-(c) modern: 6. Literary essay, 7. Lyrical poetry, (d) Criticism: 8. History of theoretical Gujarati criticism, 9. Recent research in folk tradition |
Medieval |
|---|
| Vasantvilas Phagu-Ajnatkrut, Kadambari-Bhalan, Sudamacharitra-Premanand, Chandra Chandravatini Varta-Shamal, Akhegeeta-Akho |
Sudharak Yug and Pandit Yug |
|---|
| Mari Hakikat-Narmadasha, Farbasveerah-Dalpatram, Saraswatichandra-part 1-Govardhanram Tripathi, Purvalap-Kant’ (Manishankar Ratnaji Bhatt), Raino Parvat-Ramanbhai Neelkanth |
Gandhi Yug and Anu Aandhiyan |
|---|
| Hind Swaraj-Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Patanni Prabhuta-Kanhaiyalal Munshi, Kavyani Shakti-Ramnarayan Vishwanath Pathak, Saurashtra ni Rasdhar-Part 1-Zaverchand Meghani, Manvini Bhavai-Pannalal Patel, Dhvani-Rajendra Shah |
Adhunik yug |
|---|
| Saptapadi-Umashankar Joshi, Janantike-Suresh Joshi, Ashwatthama-Sitanshu Yashaschandra |
History of Hindi language and Nagari lipi |
|---|
| Grammatical and applied forms of Apbhransh, Awahatta, and Arambhik Hindi |
| Development of braj and awadhi as literary language during medieval period |
| Early form of Khari-boli in Siddha-Nath Sahitya, Khusero, Sant Sahitya, Rahim etc and Dakhni Hindi |
| Development of khari-boli and nagari lipi during 19th century |
| Standardisation of hindi bhasha and nagari lipi |
| Development of hindi as a national language during freedom movement |
| The development of hindi as a national language of union of india |
| Scientific and technical development of hindi language |
| Prominent dialects of hindi and their inter-relationship |
| Salient features of nagari lipi and the efforts for its reform and standard form of hindi |
| Grammatical structure of standard hindi |
History of Hindi literature |
|---|
| The relevance and importance of hindi literature and tradition of writing history of hindi literature |
| Literary trends of the following four periods of history of hindi literature |
| Adikal-Sidh, Nath, and Raso sahitya |
| Prominent poets-Chandravardai, Khusro, Hemchandra, Vidyapati |
| Bhaktikal-Sant Kavyadhara, Sufi Kavyadhara, Krishna Bhaktidhara, and Ram Bhaktidhara |
| Prominent poets-Kabir, Jayasi, Sur, and Tulsi |
| Ritikal-Riti Kavya, Riti Badh Kavya, and Ritimukta Kavya |
| Prominent poets-Keshav, Bihari, Padmakar, and Ghananand |
| Adhunik Kal: (a) Renaissance, the development of prose, Bharatendu mandal. (b) Prominent writers-Bharatendu, Bal Krishna Bhatt and Pratap Narain Mishra. (c) Prominent trends of modern Hindi poetry: Chhayavad, Pragativad, Prayogvad, Nai Kavita |
| Adhunik Kal: (c) Prominent trends of modern Hindi poetry: Navgeet and contemporary poetry and Janvadi Kavita. Prominent poets-Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar, Agyeya, Muktibodh, Nagarjun |
Katha sahitya |
|---|
| Upanyas and realism |
| The origin and development of hindi novels |
| Prominent novelists-Premchand, Jainendra, Yashpal, Renu, and Bhisham Sahni |
| The origin and development of hindi short story |
| Prominent short story writers-Premchand, Prasad, Agyeya, Mohan Rakesh, and Krishna Sobti |
Drama and theatre |
|---|
| The origin and development of hindi drama |
| Prominent dramatists-Bharatendu, Prasad, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Ram Kumar Verma, Mohan Rakesh |
| The development of hindi theatre |
Criticism |
|---|
| The origin and development of Hindi criticism: Saiddhantik, Vyavharik, Pragativadi. Manovishleshanvadi and nai alochana |
| Prominent critics-Ramchandra Shukla, Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Bilas Sharma and Nagendra |
| The other form of Hindi prose-Lalit Nibandh, Rekhachitra, Sansmaran, Yatra-vrittant |
Prescribed texts |
|---|
| Kabir: Kabir Granthawali, Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (first hundred Sakhis) |
| Soordas: Bhramar Geet Sar, Ed. Ramchandra Shukla (first hundred Padas) |
| Tulsidas: Ramcharitmanas (Sundar Kand) Kavitavali (Uttarkand) |
| Jayasi: Padmawat Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (Sinhal Dwip Khand and Nagmativiyog Khand) |
| Bihari: Bihari Ratnakar Ed. Jagnnath Prasad Ratnakar (first 100 Dohas) |
| Maithili Sharan: Bharat Bharati Gupta |
| Prasad: Kamayani (Chinta and Shraddha Sarg) |
| Nirala: Rag-Virag, Ed. Ram Bilas Sharma (Ram Ki Shakti Pooja and Kukurmutta) |
| Dinkar: Kurukshetra |
| Agyeya: Aangan Ke Paar Dwar (Asadhya Veena) |
| Muktiboth: Brahm Rakhashas |
| Nagarjun: Badal ko ghirte dekha hai, Akal ke bad, Harijan Gatha |
| Bharatendu: Bharat Durdasha |
| Mohan Rakesh: Ashadh Ka Ek Din |
| Ramchandra: Chintamani (part I) (Kavita Kya Shukla Hai, Shraddha Aur Bhakti) |
| Dr. Satyendra: Nibandh Nilaya-Bal Krishna Bhatt, Premchand, Gulab Rai, Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Bilas Sharma, Agyeya, Kuber Nath Rai |
| Premchand Godan, Premchand ki Sarvashreshta Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit |
| Rai/ Manjusha-Premchand ki Sarvashreshta Kahaniyan. Ed. Amrit Rai |
| Prasad: Skandagupta |
| Yashpal: Divya |
| Phanishwar Nath: Maila Anchal Renu |
| Mannu Bhandari: Mahabhoj |
| Rajendra Yadav: Ek Duniya Samanantar (all stories) |
History of Kannada language |
|---|
| What is language?, general characteristics of language |
| Dravidian family of languages and its specific features |
| Antiquity of kannada language |
| Different phases of its development |
| Dialects of Kannada language: Regional and social |
| Various aspects of developments of Kannada language: Phonological and semantic changes |
| Language borrowing |
History of Kannada literature |
|---|
| Ancient Kannada literature: Influence and trends, poets for study-specified poets from Pampa to Ratnakaravarni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression: Pampa, Janna, Nagachandra |
| Medieval Kannada literature: Influence and trends |
| Vachana literature: Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi |
| Medieval poets: Harihara, Raghavanka, Kumara-Vyasa |
| Dasa literature: Purandara and Kanaka |
| Sangatya: Ratnakaravarni |
Modern Kannada literature |
|---|
| Influence, trends and ideologies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita, and Bandaya |
Poetics and literary criticism |
|---|
| Definition and concepts of poetry; word, meaning, alankara, reeti, rasa, dhwani, auchitya |
| Interpretations of rasa sutra |
| Modern trends of literary criticism: Formalist, historical, Marxist, feminist, post-colonial criticism |
Cultural history of Karnataka |
|---|
| Contribution of dynasties to the culture of Karnataka: Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context |
| Major religions of karnataka and their cultural contribution |
| Arts of Karnataka; sculpture, architecture, painting, music, dance-in the literary context |
| Unification of karnataka and its impact of kannada literature |
Old Kannada literature |
|---|
| Vikramarjuna Vijaya of Pampa (Cantos 12 and 13), (Mysore university publications), Vaddaradhane (Sukumaraswamyia Kathe, Vidyutchorana Kathe) |
Medieval Kannada literature |
|---|
| Vachana, Kammata, Ed. K. Marulasiddappa K.R. Nagaraj (Bangalore university publications), Janapriya Kanaka Samputa, Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Kannada and culture directorate, Bangalore), Nambiyannana Ragale, Ed |
| T.N. Sreekantaiah (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore), Kumaravyasa Bharata: Karna Parva (Mysore university), Bharatesha Vaibhava Sangraha Ed Ta. Su. Shama Rao (Mysore university) |
Modern Kannada literature |
|---|
| Poetry: Hosagannada Kavite, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Kannada Saahitya Parishattu, Bangalore), Novel: Bettada Jeeva-Shivarama Karanta Madhavi-Anupama Niranjana Odalaala-Deva-nuru Mahadeva, short story: Kannada sanna kathegalu |
| Short story: Ed. G.H. Nayak (sahitya academy, New Delhi), Drama: Shudra Tapaswi-Kuvempu. Tughlaq-Girish Karnad |
| Vichara sahitya: Devaru-A.N. Murthy Rao (publication: D.V.K. Murthy, Mysore) |
Folk literature |
|---|
| Janapada swaroopa-Dr. H.M. Nayak. (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore) |
| Janapada geethanjali-Ed. D. Javare Gowda (publication: Sahitya academy, New Delhi) |
| Kannada janapada kathegalu-Ed. J.S. Paramashivaiah (Mysore university) |
| Beedi makkalu beledo. Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (publication: Bangalore university) |
| Savirada ogatugalu-Ed. S.G. Imrapura |
Genealogical relationship of the Kashmiri language |
|---|
| Various theories |
Areas of occurrence and dialects (geographical/ social) |
|---|
Phonology and Grammar |
|---|
| Vowel and consonant system; nouns and pronouns with various case inflections; verbs: Various types and tenses |
Syntactic structure |
|---|
| Simple, active and declarative statements; coordination; relativisation |
Kashmiri literature in the 14th century |
|---|
| Socio-cultural and intellectual background with special reference to Lal Dyad and Sheikh-ul-Alam |
Nineteenth century Kashmiri literature |
|---|
| Development of various genres: Vatsun; ghazal and mathnawi |
Kashmiri literature in the first half of the twentieth century |
|---|
| With special reference to Mahjoor and Azad; various literary influences |
Modern Kashmiri literature |
|---|
| With special reference to the development of the short story, drama, novel, and nazm |
Intensive study of kashmiri poetry up to the nineteenth century |
|---|
| Lal Dyad, Sheikhul Aalam, Habba Khatoon |
Kashmiri poetry: 19th century |
|---|
| Mahmud Gami (Vatsans), Maqbool shah (Gulrez), Rasool Mir (Ghazals), Abdul Ahad Nadim (N’at), Krishna Joo Razdan (Shiv Lagun), Sufi poets (test in Sanglaab, published by the department of Kashmiri, university of Kashmir) |
Twentieth century Kashmiri poetry |
|---|
| Text in Azich Kashmir Shayari, published by the department of Kashmiri, university of Kashmir |
Literary criticism and research work |
|---|
| Development and various trends |
An analytical study of the short story in Kashmiri |
|---|
| Afsana Majmu’a, published by the department of Kashmiri, university of Kashmir |
| Kashur Afsana Az, published by the Sahitya academy |
| Hamsar Kasoor Afsana, published by the Sahitya academy |
| The following short story writers only: Akhtar Mohi-ud Din, Kamil, Hari Krishan Kaul, Hraday Kaul Bharti, Bansi Nirdosh, Gulshan Majid |
Novel in Kashmiri |
|---|
| Mujrim by G. N. Gowhar, Maroon-Ivan Ilyichun, (Kashmiri version of Tolstoy’s) the death of Ivan Ilyich (published by Kashmiri department) |
Drama in Kashmiri |
|---|
| Natuk Kariv Band by Hari Krishan Kaul, Qk Angry Natok, edition Motilal Keemu, published by the sahitya academy |
| Razi Oedipus, tr. Naji Munawar, published by the sahitya academy |
Kashmiri folk literature |
|---|
| Kashur Luki theatre by Mohammad Subhan Bhagat, published by the department of Kashmiri, university of Kashmir |
| Kashiry Luki Beeth (all volumes) published by the Jammu and Kashmir cultural academy |
History of the Konkani language |
|---|
| Origin and development of the language and influences on it |
| Major variants of konkani and their linguistic features |
| Grammatical and lexicographic work in Konkani, including a study of cases, adverbs, indeclinables, and voices |
| Old standard Konkani, new standard and standardization problems |
History of Konkani literature |
|---|
| History of Konkani literature from its probable source to the present times, with emphasis on its major works, writers, and movements |
| Social and cultural background of the making of konkani literature from time to time |
| Indian and western influences on konkani literature, from the earliest to modern times |
| Modern literary trends in the various genres and regions including a study of konkani folklore |
Prose |
|---|
| Konkani Manasagangotri (excluding poetry) edition by professor: Olivinho Gomes |
| Old Konkani language and literature-the Portuguese role |
| Otmo Denvcharak-a novel by A.V. da Cruz |
| Vadoll ani Varem-a novel by Antonio Pereira |
| Devache Kurpen-a novel by V.J.P. Saldanha |
| Vajralikhani-Shenoi Goembab-an anthology-edition by Shantaram Varde Valaulikar |
| Konkani Lalit Niband-essays-edition by Shyam Verenkar |
| Teen Dasakam-an anthology-edition by Chandrakant Keni |
| Demand-drama-by Pundalik Naik |
| Kadambini: A Miscellany of modern prose-edition by professor O.J.F. Gomes and Smt. P.S. Tadkodkar |
| Ratha Toujeo Ghudieo-by Smt. Jayanti Naik |
Poetry |
|---|
| Ev ani Mori: Poetry by Eduardo Bruno de Souza |
| Abravanchem Yadnya Dan-by Luis Mascarenhas |
| Godde Ramayan-edition by R.K. Rao |
| Ratnakar I and II-collection of poems-edition R.V. Pandit |
| Zayo Zuyo-poems-Manohar L. Sardessai |
| Kanadi Mati Konkani Kavi-anthology of poems-edition Pratap Naik |
| Adrushatache Kalle-poems by Pandurang Bhangui |
| Yaman-poems by Madhav Borkar |
History of Maithili language |
|---|
| Place of maithili in indo-european language family |
| Origin and development of Maithili language (Sanskrit, Prakrit, Avhatt, Maithili) |
| Periodic division of Maithili language (beginning, middle era, modern era) |
| Maithili and its different dialects |
| Relationship between Maithili and other eastern languages (Bengali, Assamese, Oriya) |
| Origin and development of tirhuta script |
| Pronouns and verbs in maithili language |
History of Maithili literature |
|---|
| Background of Maithili literature (religious, economic, social, cultural) |
| Periodic division of maithili literature |
| Pre-vidyapati literature |
| Vidyapati and his tradition |
| Medieval Maithili drama (Kirtaniya Natak, Ankia Nat, Maithili dramas written in Nepal) |
| Maithili folk literature (folk tales, folk drama, folk stories, folk songs) |
| Development of different literary forms in modern era: (a) Prabandh-kavya, (b) muktak-kavya, (c) novel, (d) short story, (e) drama, (f) essay, (g) criticism, (h) memoirs, (I) translation |
| Development of maithili magazines and journals |
Poetry |
|---|
| Vidyapati geet-shati-publisher: Sahitya academy, New Delhi (lyrics-1 to 50), Govind Das Bhajanavali-publisher: Maithili academy, Patna (lyrics-1 to 25), Krishna Janm-Manbodh, Mithila Bhasha Ramayana-Chanda Jha (only Sunder-Kand) |
| Rameshwar Charit Mithila Ramayan-Lal Das (only Bal-kand), Keechak-Vadh-Tantra Nath Jha |
| Datta-Vati-Surendra Jha ‘Suman’ (only 1st and 2nd Cantos) |
| Chitra-Yatri, Samakaleen Maithili Kavita-publisher: Sahitaya academy, New Delhi |
| Varna Ratnakar-Jyotirishwar (only 2nd Kallol), khattar kakak tarang-Hari Mohan Jha, lorik-Vijaya Manipadma, prithvi Putra-Lalit, Bhaphait Chahak Jinagi-Sudhanshu ‘Shekhar’ Choudhary |
| Kriti Rajkamlak-publisher: Maithili acadamy, Patna (first ten stories only), Katha-Sangrah-publisher: Maithili acadamy, Patna |
Early phase of Malayalam language |
|---|
| Various theories: Origin from proto Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit |
| Relation between Tamil and Malayalam: Six nayas of A. R. Rajaraja Varma |
| Pattu school-definition, Ramacharitam, later pattu works-Niranam works and Krishnagatha |
Linguistic features of |
|---|
| Manipravalam-definition |
| Language of early Manipravalam works-Champu, Sandesha Kavya, Chandrotsava, minor works |
| Later Manipravala works-medieval Champu and Attakkatha |
| Folklore-southern and northern ballads, Mappila songs |
| Early Malayalam prose-Bhashakautaliyam, Brahmanda Puranam, Attaprakaram, Kramadipika, and Nambiantamil |
Standardisation of Malayalam |
|---|
| Peculiarities of the language of Pana, Kilippattu, and Thullal |
| Contributions of indigenous and european missionaries to malayalam |
| Characteristics of contemporary Malayalam; Malayalam as administrative language |
| Language of scientific and technical literature-media language |
Ancient and medieval literature |
|---|
| Pattu-Ramacharitam, Niranam Works and Krishnagatha |
| Manipravalam-early and medieval Manipravalam works including aattakkatha and champu |
| Folk literature |
| Kilippattu, Thullal and Mahakavya |
Modern literature-poetry |
|---|
| Venmani poets and contemporaries |
| The advent of Romanticism-poetry of Kavitraya i.e., Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol |
| Poetry after kavitraya |
| Modernism in malayalam poetry |
Modern literature-prose |
|---|
| Drama |
| Novel |
| Short story |
| Biography, travelogue, essay and criticism |
Prescribed text |
|---|
| Ramacharitam-Pattalam 1 |
| Kannassa Ramayanam-Balakandam first 25 stanzas |
| Unnunilisandesam-Purvabhagam 25 slokas including prastavana |
| Mahabharatham Kilippattu-Bhishma Parvam |
| Kumaran Asan-Chintavisthayaya Sita |
| Vailoppilli-Kutiyozhikkal |
| G. Sankara Kurup-Perumthachan |
| N.V. Krishna Variar-Tivandiyile pattu |
| O.N.V.-Bhoomikkoru Charamageetham |
| Ayyappa Paniker-Kurukshetram |
| Akkitham-Padatha Messanthi |
| Attoor Ravi Varma-Megharoopan |
| O.Chandu Menon-Indulekha |
| Thakazhi-Chemmeen |
| O.V. Vijayan-Khasakkinte Ithihasam |
| M.T. Vasudevan Nair-Vanaprastham (collection) |
| N.S. Madhavan-Higvitta (collection) |
| C.J. Thomas-1128-il crime 27 |
| Kuttikrishna Marar-Bharatha Paryatanam |
| M.K. Sanu-Nakshathrangalude Sneha Bhajanam |
| V. T. Bhattathiripad-Kanneerum Kinavum |
Language |
|---|
| General characteristics of Manipuri language and history of its development; its importance and status among the Tibeto-Burman languages of North-East India; recent development in the study of Manipuri language; evolution and study of old Manipuri script |
| Significant features of Manipuri language: (i) Phonology-phoneme-vowels, consonants juncture, tone, consonant cluster and its occurrence, syllable-its structure, pattern, and types. (ii) Morphology: Word-class, root and its types; affix and its types |
| Significant features of Manipuri language: (ii) Morphology-grammatical categories-gender, number, person, case, tense and aspects, process of compounding (samas and sandhi). (iii) Syntax: Word order; types of sentences, phrase and clause structures |
| Literary history of Manipuri: Early period (up to 17th century)-social and cultural background; themes, diction and style of the works. Medieval period (18th and 19th century)-Social, religious and political background |
| Literary history of Manipuri: Themes, diction and style of the works. Modern period-growth of major literary forms; change of themes, diction, and style |
| Manipuri folk literature: Legend, folktale, folksong, ballad, proverb, and riddle |
| Aspects of Manipuri culture: Pre-Hindu Manipuri faith; advent of Hinduism and the process of syncretism; performing arts-Lai Haraoba, Maha Ras; indigenous games-Sagol Kangjei, Khong Kangjei, Kang |
Old and medieval Manipuri literature |
|---|
| Old Manipuri literature: (i) O. Bhogeswar Singh (edition): Numit Kappa, (ii) M. Gaurachandra Singh (edition): Thawanthaba Hiran, (iii) N. Khelchandra Singh (edition): Naothingkhong, Phambal Kaba, (iv) M. Chandra Singh (edition): Panthoibi Khongul |
| Medieval Manipuri literature: (i) M. Chandra Singh (edition): Samsok Ngamba, (ii) R.K. Snehal Singh (edition): Ramayana Adi Kanda, (iii) N. Khelchandra Singh (edition): Dhananjoy Laibu Ningba, (iv) O. Bhogeswar Singh (edition): Chandrakirti Jila Changba |
Modern Manipuri literature |
|---|
| Poetry and epic: Poetry-Manipuri Sheireng (publications) Manipuri Sahitya Parishad, 1998 (edition)-Kh. Chaoba Singh: Pi Thadoi, Lamgi CheklaAmada, Loktak, Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Nirjanata, Nirab Rajani, A. Minaketan Singh: Kamal Da, Nonggumlalk Khoda |
| Poetry and epic: Poetry-Manipuri Sheireng (publication) Manipuri Sahitya Parishad, 1998 (edition)-L. Samarendra Singh: Ingagi Nong, Mamang Leikai Thambal Satle, E. Nilakanta Singh: Manipur, Lamangnaba, Shri Biren: Tangkhul Hui |
| Poetry and epic: Poetry-Manipuri Sheireng (publication) Manipuri Sahitya Parishad, 1998 (edition)-Th. Ibopishak: Anouba Thunglaba Jiba |
| Poetry and epic: Poetry-Kanchi Sheireng. (publication) Manipur University 1998 (edition)-Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Biswa-Prem, Shri Biren: Chaphadraba Laigi Yen, Th. Ibopishak: Norok Patal Prithivi |
| Poetry and epic: Epic-(i) A. Dorendrajit Singh: Kansa Bodha, (ii) H. Anganghal Singh: Khamba-Thoibi Sheireng (San-Senba, Lei Lengba, Shamu Khonggi Bichar) |
| Poetry and epic: Drama-(i) S. Lalit Singh: Areppa Marup, (ii) G.C. Tongbra: Matric Pass, (iii) A. Samarendra: Judge Saheb ki Imung |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Novel-(i) Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Madhabi, (ii) H. Anganghal Singh: Jahera, (iii) H. Guno Singh: Laman, (iv) Pacha Meetei: Imphal Amasung, MagiIshing, Nungsitki Phibam |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Short‐story-(a) Kanchi Wari Macha (Pub) Manipur university 1997(edition), R.K. Shitaljit Singh: Kamala Kamala, M.K. Binodini: Eigi Thahoudraba Heitup Lalu, Kh. Prakash: Wacom Shareng |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Short‐story-(b) Parishadki Khangatlaba Wari Macha (publication) Manipuri sahitya parishad 1994 (edition), S. Nilbir Shastri: Loukhatpa, R.K. Elangba: Karinunggi |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Short‐story-(c) Anouba Manipuri Wari Macha (publication) the cultural forum Manipur 1992 (edition), N. Kunja Mohan Singh: Ijat Tanba, E. Dinamani: Nongthak Khongnang |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Prose-(a) Warenggi Saklon [due part] (publication) the cultural forum Manipur 1992 (edition), Kh. Chaoba Singh: Khamba-Thoibi Gi Wari Amasung Mahakavya, (b) Kanchi Wareng (publication) Manipur university, 1998 (edition) |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Prose-(b) B. Manisana Shastri: Phajaba, Ch. Manihar Singh: Lai-Haraoba, (c) Apunba Wareng (publication) Manipur university, 1986 (Ed.), Ch. Pishak Singh: Samaj Amasung Sanskrit |
| Novel, short‐story, and prose: Prose-(c) M.K. Binodini: Thoibidu Warouhouida, Eric Newton: Kalagi Mahousa (translated by I.R. Babu), (d) Manipuri Wareng (publication) the cultural forum Manipur 1999 (edition) S. Krishnamohan Singh: Lan |
Language and folklore |
|---|
| Nature and functions of language (with reference to Marathi): Language as a signifying system-langue and parole; basic functions; poetic language; standard language and dialect; language variations according to social parameters |
| Nature and functions of language (with reference to Marathi): Linguistic features of Marathi in thirteenth century and seventeenth century |
| Dialects of Marathi: Ahirani; Varhadi; Dangi |
| Marathi grammar: Parts of speech; case-system; prayog-vichar (voice) |
| Nature and kinds of folk-lore (with special reference to Marathi): Lok-Geet, Lok Katha, Lok Natya |
History of literature and literary criticism |
|---|
| History of Marathi literature: (i) From beginning to 1818 AD, with special reference to the following-the Mahanubhava writers, the Varkari poets, the Pandit poets, the Shahirs, Bakhar literature |
| History of Marathi literature: (ii) From 1850 to 1990, with special reference to developments in the following major forms-poetry, fiction (novel and short story), drama; and major literary currents and movements, romantic, realist, modernist, dalit |
| History of Marathi literature: (ii) From 1850 to 1990, with special reference to developments in the following major forms-gramin, feminist |
| Literary criticism: (i) Nature and function of literature; (ii) evaluation of literature; (iii) nature, objectives, and methods of criticism; (iv) literature, culture, and society |
Prose |
|---|
| (a) Smritisthala, (b) Mahatma Jotiba Phule-‘Shetkaryacha Asud’, ‘Sarvajanik Satyadharma’, (c) S.V. Ketkar-‘Brahmankanya’, (d) P.K. Atre-‘Sashtang Namaskar’, (e) Sharchchandra Muktibodh-‘Jana Hey Volatu Jethe’ (f) Uddhav Shelke-‘Shilan’ |
| (g) Baburao Bagul-‘Jevha Mi Jaat Chorli Hoti’, (h) Gouri Deshpande-‘Ekek Paan Galavaya’, (i) P.I. Sonkamble-‘Athavaninche Pakshi’ |
| (a) Namadevanchi Abhangawani-Ed: Inamdar, Relekar, Mirajkar, modern book depot, Pune, (b) Painjan-Ed: M.N. Adwant, Sahitya Prasar Kendra, Nagpur, (c) Damayanti-Swayamvar’-by Raghunath Pandit, (d) Balakvinchi Kavita-by Balkavi, (e) Vishakha’-by Kusumagraj |
| (f) Maridgandh’-by Vinda Karandikar, (g) ‘Jahirnama’-by Narayan Surve, (h) Sandhyakalchya Kavita-by Grace, (g) Ya Sattet Jeev Ramat Nahi-by Namdeo Dhasal |
History of the origin and development of Nepali as one of the new Indo Aryan languages |
|---|
Fundamentals of Nepali Grammar and phonology |
|---|
| Nominal forms and categories: Gender, number, case, adjectives, pronouns, avyayas, verbal forms and categories: Tense, aspects, voice, roots, and fixes, Nepali Swara and Vyanjana |
Major dialects of Nepali |
|---|
Standardization and modernization of Nepali with special reference to language movements |
|---|
| Viz. Halanta Bahiskar, Jharrovad, etc |
Teaching of Nepali language in India |
|---|
| Its history and development with special reference to its socio-cultural aspects |
History of Nepali literature with special reference to its development in India |
|---|
Fundamental concepts and theories of Literature |
|---|
| Kavya/ sahitya, kavya prayojan, literary genres, shabda shakti, rasa, alankara, tragedy, comedy, aesthetics, stylistics |
Major literary trends and movements |
|---|
| Swachchhandatavad, yatharthavad, astitwavad, ayamik movement contemporary Nepali writings, postmodernism |
Nepali folk tales (the following folk-form only) |
|---|
| Sawai, jhyaurey, selo, sangini, lahari |
Prescribed text |
|---|
| Santa Jnandil Das-Udaya Lahari |
| Lekhnath Poudyal-Tarun Tapasi (Vishrams III, V, VI, XII, XV, XVIII only) |
| Agam Sing Giri-Jaleko Pratibimba Royeko Pratidhwani (the following poems only-Prasawako Chichyahatsanga Byunjheko Ek Raat, Chhorolai, Jaleko Pratibimba: Royeko Pratidhwani, Hamro Akashmani Pani Hunchha Ujyalo, Tihar) |
| Haribhakta Katuwal-Yo Zinadagi Khai Ke Zindagi: The following poems only-Jeevan-Ek Dristi, Yo Zindagi Khai Ke Zindagi, Akashka Tara Ke Tara, Hamilai Nirdho Nasamjha, Khai Manyata Yahan Atmahutiko Balidan Ko |
| Balkrishna Sama-Prahlad |
| Man Bahadur Mukhiya-Andhyaro Ma Banchneharu (the following one-act only-Andhyaroma Banchneharu' ‘Suskera’) |
| Indra Sundas-Sahara |
| Lil Bahadur Chhetri-Brahmaputra ko Chheuchhau |
| Rupnarayan Sinha-Katha Navaratna (the following stories only-Biteka Kura, Jimmewari Kasko, Indra Bahadur Rai-Dhanamatiko Cinema-Swapna, Vidhwasta Jeevan) |
| Indra Bahadur Rai: Vipana Katipaya (the following stories only-raat bhari Huri Chalyo, Jayamay Aphumatra Lekhapani Aipugi, Baaghi, Ghosh Babu, Chhutuaiyo) |
| Sanu Lama: Katha Sampaad (the following stories only-Swasni Manchhe, Khani Tarma Ekdin, Phurbale Gaun Chhadyo, Asinapo Manchhe) |
| Laxmi Prasad: Laxmi Nibandha DevkotaSangraha (the following essays only-Sri Ganeshaya Namha, Nepali Sahityako Itihasma Sarvashrestha Purus, Kalpana, Kala Ra Jeevan, Gadha Buddhiman ki Guru?) |
| Ramkrishna Sharma: Das Gorkha (the following essays only-Kavi, Samaj Ra Sahitya, Sahityama Sapekshata, Sahityik Ruchiko Praudhata, Nepali Sahityako Pragati) |
History of Odia language |
|---|
| Origin and development of Odia language-influence of Austric, Dravidian, Perso-Arabic and English on Odia language |
| Phonetics and phonemics: Vowels, consonants principles of changes in Odia sounds |
| Morphology: Morphemes (free, bound compound and complex), derivational and inflectional affixes, case inflection, conjugation of verb |
| Syntax: Kinds of sentences and their trans-formation, structure of sentences |
| Semantics-different types of change in meaning |
| Euphemism |
| Common errors in spellings, grammatical uses, and construction of sentences |
| Regional variations in Odia Language (western, southern, and northern Odia) and dialects (Bhatri and Desia) |
History Of Odia literature |
|---|
| Historical backgrounds (social, cultural, and political) of Odia literature of different periods |
| Ancient epics, Ornate Kavyas, and Padavalis |
| Typical structural forms of Odia literature (Koili, Chautisa, Poi, Chaupadi, Champu) |
| Modern trends in poetry, drama short story, novel essay, and literary criticism |
Poetry (ancient) |
|---|
| Sarala Das-Shanti Parva from Mahabharata |
| Jagannath Das-Bhagabata, XI Skadha-Jadu Avadhuta Sambãda |
Poetry (medieval) |
|---|
| Dinakrushna Das-Raskallola-(Chhandas-16 and 34) |
| Upendra Bhanja-Labanyabati (Chhandas-1 and 2) |
Poetry (modern) |
|---|
| Radhanath Ray-Chandrabhaga |
| Mayadhar Mansinha-Jeevan-Chita |
| Satchidananda Routray-Kabita-1962 |
| Ramakanta Rath-Saptama Ritu |
Drama |
|---|
| Manoranjan Das-Katha-Ghoda |
| Bijay Mishra-Tata Niranjana |
Novel |
|---|
| Fakir Mohan Senapati-Chha Mana Atha Guntha |
| Gopinath Mohanty-Danapani |
Short story |
|---|
| Surendra Mohanty-Maralara Mrityu |
| Manoj Das-Laxmira Abhisara |
Essay |
|---|
| Chittaranjan Das-Tranga O Tadit (first five essays) |
| Chandra Sekhar Rath-Mun Satyadharma, Kahuchhi (first five essays) |
Origin of Punjabi language |
|---|
| Different stages of development and recent development in Punjabi language; characteristics of Punjabi phonology and the study of its tones; classification of vowels and consonants |
Punjabi morphology |
|---|
| The number-gender system (animate and inanimate), prefixes, affixes and different categories of post positions; Punjabi word formation; Tatsam, Tadbhav, forms; sentence structure, the notion of subject and object in Punjabi; noun and verb phrases |
Language and dialect |
|---|
| The notions of dialect and idiolect: Major dialects of Punjabi-pothwari, majhi, doabi, malwai, paudhi; the validity of speech variation on the basis of social stratification |
| The notions of dialect and idiolect: The distinctive features of various dialects with special reference to tones language and script; origin and development of Gurumukhi; suitability of Gurumukhi for Punjabi |
Classical background |
|---|
| Nath jogi sahit |
| Medieval literature: Gurmat, Suti, Kissa, and Var: Janamsakhis |
Modern trends |
|---|
| Mystic, romantic, progressive and neo mystic (Vir Singh, Puran Singh, Mohan Singh, Amrita Pritam, Bawa Balwant, Pritam Singh Safeer, J. S. Neki) |
| Experimentalist (Jasbir Singh Ahluwalia, Ravinder Ravi, Ajaib Kamal) |
| Aesthetes (Harbhajan Singh, Tara Singh) |
| Neo-progressive (Pash, Jagtar, Patar) |
Folk literature |
|---|
| Folk songs, folk tales, riddles, proverbs |
Epic |
|---|
| Vir Singh, Avtar Singh Azad, Mohan Singh |
Lyric |
|---|
| Gurus, Sufis, and modern lyricists-Mohan Singh, Amrita Pritam, Shiv Kumar, Harbhajan Singh |
Drama |
|---|
| I.C. Nanda, Harcharan Singh, Balwant Gargi, S.S. Sekhon, Charan Das Sidhu |
Novel |
|---|
| Vir Singh, Nanak Singh, Jaswant Singh Kanwal, K.S. Duggal, Sukhbir, Gurdial Singh, Dalip Kaur Tiwana, Swaran Chandan |
Short story |
|---|
| Sujan Singh, K. S. Virk, Prem Parkash, Waryam Sandhu |
Socio-cultural |
|---|
| Sanskrit, Persian, and western, literary influences |
Essay |
|---|
| Puran Singh, Teja Singh, Gurbaksh Singh |
Literary criticism |
|---|
| S.S. Sekhon, Attar Singh, Kishan Singh, Harbhajan Singh, Najam Hussain Syed |
Prescribed text |
|---|
| Sheikh Farid: The complete bani as included in the adi granth |
| Guru Nanak: Japu Ji. Baramah. Asa di var |
| Bulleh Shah: Kafian |
| Waris Shah: Heer |
| Shah Mohammad Jangnama (Jang Singhan Te Firangian): Dhani Ram Chatrik Chandan Vari, (poet) Sufi Khana, Nawan Jahan |
| Nanak Singh Chitta Lahu (Novelist): Pavittar Papi, Ek Mian Do Talwaran |
| Gurbaksh Singh Zindagi-di-Ras: (Essayist) Nawan Shivala, Merian Abhul Yadaan. Balraj Sahni Mera Roosi Safarnama (Travelogue) Mera Pakistani Safarnama |
| Balwant Gargi Loha Kutt (dramatist) Dhuni-di-Agg, Sultan Razia, Sant Singh Sekhon Sahityarth (critic) Parsidh Punjabi Kavi, Punjabi Kav Shiromani |
Significant features of the grammar |
|---|
| With particular stress on sanjna, sandhi, karaka, samasa, kartari and karmani vacyas (voice usages) (to be answered in Sanskrit) |
Main characteristics of Vedic Sanskrit language |
|---|
| Prominent feature of classical sanskrit language |
| Contribution of sanskrit to linguistic studies |
General knowledge of |
|---|
| Literary history of Sanskrit, principal trends of literary criticism, Ramayana, Mahabharata, the origin and development of literary genres of: Mahakavya, Rupaka (drama), Katha, Akhyayika, Campu, Khandakavya, Muktak Kavya |
Essential of Indian culture with stress on |
|---|
| Purusharthas, Samskaras, Varnashrama Vyavastha, arts and fine arts, technical sciences |
Trends of Indian Philosophy |
|---|
| Mïmansã, Vedãnta, Nyaya, Vaisesika, Sãnkhya, Yoga, Bauddha, Jaina, Carvãka |
Short Essay (in Sanskrit) |
|---|
Unseen passage with the questions |
|---|
General study of the following groups |
|---|
| Group 1: (a) Raghuvamsam-Kalidasa, (b) Kumarasambhavam-Kalidasa, (c) Kiratarjuniyam-Bharavi, (d) Sisupalavadham-Magha, (e) Naisadhiyacaritam-Sriharsa, (f) Kadambari-Banabhatta, (g) Dasakumaracaritam-Dandin, (h) Sivarajyodayam-S.B. Varnekar |
| Group 2: (a) Isavasyopanishad, (b) Bhagavadgita, (c) Sundarakanda of Valmiki’s Ramayana, (d) Arthasastra of Kautilya |
| Group 3: (a) Svapanavasavadattam-Bhasa, (b) Abhijnanasakuntalam-Kalidasa,(c) Mricchakatikam-Sudraka, (d) Mudraraksasam-Visakhadatta, (e) Uttararamacaritam-Bhavbhuti, (f) Ratnavali-Sriharshavardhana, (g) Venisamharam-Bhattanarayana |
| Group 4: Short notes in Sanskrit on the following-(a) Meghaduta-Kalidasa, (b) Nitisatakam-Bhartrhari, (c) Panchatantra, (d) Rajatarangini-Kalhana, (e) Harsacaritam-Banabhatta, (f) Amaruka Satakam-Amaruka, (g) Gita Govinda-Jayadeva |
First hand reading of the selected texts |
|---|
| Group 1: (a) Raghuvamsam-CantoI, verses 1 to 10, (b) Kumarasambhavam-Canto I, verses 1 to 10, (c) Kiratarjuniya-Canto I, Verses 1 to 10 |
| Group 2: (a) Isavasyopanishad-verses-1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 15, and 18, (b) Bhagavad Gita II chapter verses 13 to 25, (c) Sundarakandam of Valmiki canto 15, verses 15 to 30 (Geeta press edition) |
| Group 3: (a) Meghaduta-verses 1 to 10, (b) Nitisatakam-verses 1 to 10 (edited by D.D. Kosambi Bharatiya vidya bhavan publication), (c) Kadambari-Sukanasopadesa (only) |
| Group 4: (a) Svapnavasavadattam act VI, (b) Abhijnanasakuntalam Act IV Verses 15 to 30 (M.R. Kale edition), (c) Uttara Ramacharitam act I verses 31 to 47 (M.R. Kale edition) |
History of Santhali language |
|---|
| Main austric language family, population, and distribution |
| Grammatical structure of santhali language |
| Important character of Santhali language: Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, translation, lexicography |
| Impact of other languages of santhali |
| Standardization of santhali language |
History of Santhali literature |
|---|
| Literary trend of the following four periods of history of Santhali literature: (a) Ancient literature before 1854. (b) Missionary period literature between 1855 to 1889 AD. (c) Medieval period: Literature between 1890 to 1946 AD |
| Literary trend of the following four periods of history of Santhali literature-(d) modern period: Literature from 1947 AD to till date |
| Writing tradition in history of santhali literature |
Literary form |
|---|
| Main characteristics, history, and development of following literary forms |
Folk literature in Santhali |
|---|
| Folk song, folk tale, phrase, idioms puzzles, and Kudum |
Modern literature in Santhali |
|---|
| Development of poetry and prominent poets |
| Development of prose and prominent writers: (i) Novels and prominent novelists. (ii) Stories and prominent story writers. (iii) Drama and prominent dramatist. (iv) Criticism and prominent critics |
| Development of prose and prominent writers: (v) Essay, sketches, memoirs, travelogues, and prominent writers |
Santhali writers |
|---|
| Shyam Sundar Hembram, Pandit Raghunath Murmu, Barha Beshra, Sadhu Ramchand Murmu, Narayan Soren ‘Toresutam’, Sarda Prasad Kisku, Raghunath Tudu, Kalipada Soren, Sakla Soren, Digamber Hansda, Aditya Mitra ‘Santhali’, Babulal Murmu ‘Adivasi’ |
| Jadumani Beshra, Arjun Hembram, Krishna Chandra Tudu, Rupchand Hansda, Kalendra Nath Mandi, Mahadev, Hansda, Gour Chandra Murmu, Thakur Prasad Murmu, Hara Prasad Murmu, Udaynath Majhi, Parimal Hembram, Dhirendra Nath Baske |
| Shyam Charan Hembram, Damayanti Beshra, T.K. Rapaj, Boyha Biswanath Tudu |
Cultural heritage of Santhali tradition, customs, festival, and rituals (birth, marriage, and death) |
|---|
Ancient literature |
|---|
| Prose: (a) Kherwal Bonso Dhorom Puthi-Majhi Ramdas Tudu “Rasika”. (b) Mare Hapramko Reyak Katha-L. O. Scrafsrud. (c) Jomsim Binti Lita-Mangal Chandra Turkulumang Soren. (d) Marang Buru Binti-Kanailal Tudu |
| Poetry: (a) Karam Sereng-Nunku Soren. (b) Devi Dasain Sereng-Manindra Hansda. (c) Horh Sereng-W.G. Archer. (d) Baha Sereng-Balaram Tudu. (e) Dong Sereng-Padmashri Bhagwat Murmu ‘Thakur’. (f) Hor Sereng-Raghunath Murmu |
| Poetry: (g) Soros Sereng-Babulal Murmu “Adivasi”. (h) More Sin More Ndia-Rup Chand Hansda. (i) Judasi Madwa Latar-Tez Narayan Murmu |
Modern literature |
|---|
| Poetry: (a) Onorhen Baha Dhalwak-Paul Jujhar Soren. (b) Asar Binti-Narayan Soren 'Tore Sutam'. (c) Chand Mala-Gora Chand Tudu. (d) Onto Baha Mala-Aditya Mitra 'Santhali'. (e) Tiryo Tetang-Hari Har Hansda. (f) Sisirjon Rar-Thakur Prasad Murmu |
| Novels: (a) Harmawak Ato-R.Karstiars (translator-R.K. Kisku Rapaz). (b) Manu Mati-Chandra Mohan Hansda. (c) Ato Orak-Doman Hansdak. (d) Ojoy Gada Dhiphre-Nathaniel Murmu |
Stories |
|---|
| Jiyon Gada-Rup Chand Hansda and Jadumani Beshra |
| Mayajaal-Doman Sahu ‘Samir’ and Padmashri Bhagwat Murmu ‘Thakur’ |
Drama |
|---|
| Kherwar Bir-Pandit Raghunath Murmu |
| Juri Khatir-Dr. K.C. Tudu |
| Birsa Bir-Ravi Lal Tudu |
Biography |
|---|
| Santal Ko Ren Mayam Gohako-Dr. Biswanath Hansda |
Origin and evolution of Sindhi language |
|---|
| Views of different scholars |
| Significant linguistic features of Sindhi language, including those pertaining to its phonology, morphology, and syntax |
| Major dialects of the Sindhi language |
| Sindhi vocabulary-stages of its growth, including those in the pre-partition and post-partition periods |
| Historical study of various writing systems (scripts) of Sindhi |
| Changes in the structure of Sindhi language in India, after partition, due to influence of other languages and social conditions |
Sindhi literature through the ages in context of socio-cultural conditions in the respective periods |
|---|
| Early medieval literature up to 1350 AD including folk literature |
| Late medieval period from 1350 AD to 1850 AD |
| Renaissance period from 1850 AD to 1947 AD |
| Modern period from 1947 and onwards |
| Literary genres in modern Sindhi literature and experiments in poetry, drama, novel, short story, essay, literary criticism, biography, autobiography, memoirs, and travelogues |
Poetry |
|---|
| Shah Jo Choond Shair: Edition H.I. Sadarangani, published by Sahitya akademi (First 100 pages) |
| Sachal Jo Choond Kalam: Edition Kalyan B. Advani published by Sahitya akademi (Kafis only) |
| Sami-a-ja Choond Sloka: Edition B.H. Nagrani published by Sahitya akademi (First 100 pages) |
| Shair-e-Bewas: By Kishinchand Bewas (“Samundi Sipoon’’ portion only) |
| Roshan Chhanvro: Narayan Shyam |
| Virhange Khapoi je Sindhi Shair jee Choond: Edition H. I. Sadarangani, published by Sahitya academy |
Drama |
|---|
| Behtareen Sindhi Natak (one-act plays): Edited by M. Kamal Published by Gujarat Sindhi academy |
| Kako Kaloomal (full-length play): By Madan Jumani |
Context and appreciation of the text |
|---|
| Pakheeara Valar Khan Vicharya (novel): By Gobind Malhi |
| Sat Deenhan (novel): By Krishin Khatwani |
| Choond Sindhi Kahaniyon (short stories) volume III: Edited by Prem Prakash, published by sahitya academy |
| Bandhan (short stories): Sundari Uttamchandani |
| Behtareen Sindhi Mazmoon (essays): Edited by Hiro Thakur, published by Gujarat sindhi academy |
| Sindhi Tanqeed (criticism): Edited by Harish Vaswani-published by sahitya academy |
| Mumhinjee Hayati-a-ja Sona Ropa Varqa (autobiography): By Popati Hiranandani |
| Dr. Choitram Gidwani (biography): By Vishnu Sharma |
History of Tamil language |
|---|
| Major Indian language families-the place of Tamil among Indian languages in general and Dravidian in particular, enumeration and distribution of Dravidian languages |
| The language of Sangam literature-the language of medieval Tamil: Pallava period only-historical study of nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs-tense markers and case markers in Tamil |
| Borrowing of words from other languages into Tamil-regional and social dialects-difference between literary and spoken Tamil |
History of Tamil literature |
|---|
| Tolkappiyam-Sangam literature-the division of Akam and Puram, the secular characteristics of Sangam literature, the development of ethical literature, Silappadikaram and Maṇimekalai |
Devotional literature (Alwars and Nayanmars) |
|---|
| The bridal mysticism in Alwar hymns-minor literary forms (Tutu, Ula, Parani, Kuravanji) |
| Social factors for the development of modern Tamil literature; novel, short story and new poetry-the impact of various political ideologies on modern writings |
Recent trends in Tamil studies |
|---|
| Approaches to criticism: Social, psychological, historical, and moralistic-the use of criticism-the various techniques in literature; Ullurai, Iraichi, Thonmam (myth) Ott Uruvagam (allegory), Angadam (satire), Meyappadu, Padimam (image) |
| Approaches to criticism: Kuriyeedu (symbol), Irunmai (ambiguity)-the concept of comparative literature-the principle of comparative literature |
Folk literature in Tamil |
|---|
| Ballads, songs, proverbs, and riddles-sociological study of Tamil folklore |
| Uses of translation-translation of Tamil works into other languages-development of journalism in Tamil |
Cultural heritage of the Tamils |
|---|
| Concept of love and war-concept of Aram-the ethical codes adopted by the ancient Tamils in their warfare-customs beliefs, rituals, modes of worship in the five Thinais |
| The cultural changes as revealed in post sangam literature-cultural fusion in the medieval period (Jainism and Buddhism) |
| The development of arts and architecture through the ages (Pallavas, later Cholas, and Nayaks) |
| The impact of various political, social, religious and cultural movements on tamil society |
| The role of mass media in the cultural change of contemporary tamil society |
Ancient literature |
|---|
| Kuruntokai (1-25 poems), Purananuru (182-200 poems), Tirukkural Porutpal: Arasiyalum Amaichiyalum (from Iraimatchi to Avai Anjamai) |
Epic literature |
|---|
| Silappadikaram: Madhurai Kandam only |
| Kamba Ramayanam: Kumbakarunan Vadhai Padalam |
Devotional literature |
|---|
| Thiruvasagam: Neethal Vinnappam, Tiruppavai: (full text) |
Modern literature |
|---|
| Poetry: (i) Bharathiar: Kannan Pattu, (ii) Bharathidasan: Kudumba Vilakku, (iii) Naa. Kamarasan: Karuppu Malarkal |
| Prose: (i) Mu. Varadharajanar: Aramum Arasiyalum, (ii) C. N. Annadurai: Ye! Thazhntha Tamilagame |
| Novel, short story, and drama: (i) Akilon; Chittairappavai, (ii) Jayakanthan: Gurupeedam, (iii) Cho: Yaarukkum Vetkamillai |
| Folk literature: (i) Muthu Pattan kathai edited by Na. Vanamamalai, (publication: Madurai Kamaraj university). (ii) Malaiyaruvi, edited by Ki. Va Jagannathan (publication: Saraswathi Mahal, Thanjavur) |
Language |
|---|
| Place of Telugu among Dravidian languages and its antiquity-etymological History of Telugu, tenugu, and Andhra |
| Major linguistic changes in phonological, morphological, grammatical and syntactical levels, from proto-Dravidian to old Telugu and from old Telugu to modern Telugu |
| Evolution of spoken Telugu when compared to classical Telugu-formal and functional view of Telugu language |
| Influence of other languages and its impact on telugu |
| Modernization of Telugu language: (a) Linguistic and literary movements and their role in modernization of Telugu. (b) Role of media in modernization of Telugu (news-papers, radio, TV etc) |
| Modernization of Telugu language: (c) Problems of terminology and mechanisms in coining new terms in Telugu in various discourses including scientific and technical |
| Dialects of Telugu-regional and social variations and problems of standardization |
| Syntax-major divisions of Telugu sentences, simple, complex, and compound sentences, noun and verb predictions, processes of nominalization and relativization, direct and indirect reporting-conversion processes |
| Translation-problems of translation, cultural, social, and idiomatic, methods of translation, approaches to translation, literary and other kinds of translation, various uses of translation |
Literature |
|---|
| Literature in pre-nannaya period-Marga and Sesi poetry |
| Nannaya period-historical and literary background of Andhra Mahabharata |
| Saiva poets and their contribution-Dwipada, Sataka, Ragada, Udaharana |
| Tikkana and his place in telugu literature |
| Errana and his literary works-nachana somana and his new approach to poetry |
| Srinatha and potana-their works and contribution |
| Bhakti poets in Telugu literature-Tallapaka Annamayya, Ramadasu, Tyagayya |
| Evolution of prabandhas-kavya and prabandha |
| Southern school of Telugu literature-Raghunatha Nayaka, Chemakura Venkata Kavi and women poets-literary forms like Yakshagana, prose, and Pade Kavita |
| Modern Telugu literature and literary forms-novel, short story, drama, playlet, and poetic forms |
| Literary movements: Reformation, nationalism, neoclassicism, romanticism, and progressive, revolutionary movements |
| Digambara Kavulu, feminist, and dalit literature |
| Main divisions of folk literature-performing folk arts |
Prescribed texts |
|---|
| Aesthetic approach-rassa, dhawani, vakrokti and auchitya-formal and structural-imagery and symbolism |
| Sociological, historical, ideological, psychological approaches |
| Nannaya-Dushyanta Chritra (Adi Parva 4th canto verses 5-109) |
| Tikkana-Sri Krishna Rayabaramu (Udyoga Parva-3rd canto verses 1-144) |
| Srinath-Gunanidhi Katha (Kasikhandam, 4th canto, verses 76-133) |
| Pingali Surana-Sugatri Salinulakatha (Kalapurnodayam 4 canto verses, 60-142) |
| Molla-Ramayanamu (Balakanda including Avatarika) |
| Kasula Purushothama Kavi-Andhra Nayaka Satakamu |
| Gurajada Appa Rao-Animutyalu (short stories) |
| Viswanatha Satyanarayana-Andhra prasasti |
| Devulapalli Krishna Sastry-Krishna Paksha (excluding Urvashi and Pravasam) |
| Sri Sri-Mahaprasthanam |
| Jashuva-Gabbilam (part i) |
| C. Narayana Reddy-Karpura Vasanta rayalu |
| Kanuparti Varalakshmamma-Sarada lekhalu (part I) |
| Atreya-NGO |
| Rachakonda Viswanatha Sastry-Alpajeevi |
Development of Urdu language |
|---|
| Development of Indo-Aryan: (i) Old Indo-Aryan, (ii) middle Indo-Aryan, (iii) new Indo-Aryan |
| Western Hindi and its dialects Brij bhasha Khadi Boli, Haryanavi, Kannauji, Bundeli-theories about the origin of Urdu language |
| Dakhani Urdu-origin and development, its significant linguistic features |
| Social and cultural roots of Urdu language-and its distinctive features |
| Script, phonology, morphology, vocabulary |
Genres and their development |
|---|
| Poetry: Ghazal, masnavi, qasida, marsia, rubai jadeed nazm |
| Prose: novel, short story, dastan, drama, inshaiya, khutoot, biography |
| Significant features of: (i) Deccani, Delhi, and Lucknow schools, (ii) Sir Syed movement, romantic movement, progressive movement, modernism |
| Literary criticism and its development with reference to Hali, Shibli, Kaleemuddin Ahmad, Ehtisham Hussain, Ale-Ahmad Suroor |
| Essay writing (covering literary and imaginative topics) |
Prescribed texts |
|---|
| Mir Amman: Bagho-babar |
| Ghalib: Intikhab-e-khutoot-e ghalib |
| Mohd. Husain Azad: Nairang-e-Khayal |
| Prem Chand: Godan |
| Rajendra Singh Bedi: Apne dukh mujhe dedo |
| Abul Kalam Azad: Ghubar-e-khatir |
| Mir: Intikhab-e-kalam-e-mir (Ed. Abdul Haq) |
| Mir Hasan: Sahrul bayan |
| Ghalib: Diwan-e-ghalib |
| Iqbal: Bal-e-jibrail |
| Firaq: Gul-e-naghma |
| Faiz: Dast-e-saba |
| Akhtruliman: Bint-e-Lamhat |
Managerial function and process |
|---|
| Concept and foundations of management, evolution of management thoughts; managerial functions-planning, organizing, controlling; decision-making; role of manager, managerial skills; entrepreneurship; management of innovation |
| Managing in a global environment, flexible systems management; social responsibility and managerial ethics; process and customer orientation; managerial processes on direct and indirect value chain |
Organizational behaviour and design |
|---|
| Conceptual model of organization behaviour; the individual processes-personality, values and attitude, perception, motivation, learning, and reinforcement, work stress and stress management; the dynamics of organization behaviour-power and politics |
| The dynamics of organization behaviour-conflict and negotiation, leadership process and styles, communication; the organizational processes-decision-making, job design; classical, neoclassical, and contingency approaches to organizational design |
| Organizational theory and design-organizational culture, managing cultural diversity, learning organization; organizational change and development; knowledge based enterprise-systems and processes; networked and virtual organizations |
Human resource management |
|---|
| HR challenges; HRM functions; the future challenges of HRM; strategic management of human resources; human resource planning; job analysis; job evaluation, recruitment and selection; training and development; promotion and transfer; performance management |
| Compensation management and benefits; employee morale and productivity; management of organizational climate and industrial relations; human resources accounting and audit; human resource information system; international human resource management |
Accounting for managers |
|---|
| Financial accounting-concept, importance, and scope, generally accepted accounting principles, preparation of financial statements with special reference to analysis of a balance sheet and measurement of business income |
| Inventory valuation and depreciation, financial statement analysis, fund flow analysis, the statement of cash flows; management accounting concept, need, importance, and scope; cost accounting-records and processes, cost ledger, and control accounts |
| Reconciliation and integration between financial and cost accounts; overhead cost and control, job and process costing, budget and budgetary control, performance budgeting, zero-base budgeting, relevant costing, and costing for decision-making |
| Standard costing and variance analysis, marginal costing, and absorption costing |
Financial management |
|---|
| Goal of finance function |
| Concepts of value and return |
| Valuation of bonds and shares; management of working capital: Estimation and financing; management of cash, receivables, inventory and current liabilities; cost of capital; capital budgeting; financial and operating leverage |
| Design of capital structure: Theories and practices; shareholder value creation: Dividend policy, corporate financial policy, and strategy, management of corporate distress and restructuring strategy |
| Capital and money markets: Institutions and instruments; leasing hire purchase and venture capital; regulation of capital market; risk and return: Portfolio theory; CAPM; APT; financial derivatives: Option, futures, swap |
| Recent reforms in financial sector |
Marketing management |
|---|
| Concept, evolution, and scope; marketing strategy formulation and components of marketing plan; segmenting and targeting the market; positioning and differentiating the market offering; analyzing competition; analyzing consumer markets |
| Industrial buyer behaviour; market research; product strategy; pricing strategies; designing and managing marketing channels; integrated marketing communications; building customer satisfaction, value, and retention; services and non-profit marketing |
| Ethics in marketing; consumer protection; internet marketing; retail management; customer relationship management; concept of holistic marketing |
Quantitative techniques in decision-making |
|---|
| Descriptive statistics-tabular, graphical, and numerical methods, introduction to probability, discrete and continuous probability distributions, inferential statistics-sampling distributions, central limit theorem |
| Hypothesis testing for differences between means and proportions, inference about population variances, Chi-square and ANOVA, simple correlation and regression, time series and forecasting, decision theory, index numbers |
| Linear programming-problem formulation, simplex method and graphical solution, sensitivity analysis |
Production and operations management |
|---|
| Fundamentals of operations management; organizing for production; aggregate production planning, capacity planning, plant design: Process planning, plant size and scale of operations, management of facilities; line balancing |
| Equipment replacement and maintenance; production control; supply chain management-vendor evaluation and audit; quality management; statistical process control, six sigma; flexibility and agility in manufacturing systems; world class manufacturing |
| Project management concepts, R and D management, management of service operations; role and importance of materials management, value analysis, make or buy decision; inventory control, MRP; waste management |
Management information system |
|---|
| Conceptual foundations of information systems; information theory; information resource management; types of information systems; systems development-overview of systems and design; system development management life-cycle |
| Designing online and distributed environments; implementation and control of project; trends in information technology; managing data resources-organizing data |
| DSS and RDBMS; enterprise resource planning (ERP), expert systems, e-business architecture, e-governance; information systems planning, flexibility in information systems; user involvement; evaluation of information systems |
Government business interface |
|---|
| State participation in business, interaction between government, business and different chambers of commerce and industry in India; government’s policy with regard to small scale industries; government clearances for establishing a new enterprise |
| Public distribution system; government control over price and distribution; consumer protection act (CPA) and the role of voluntary organizations in protecting consumers’ rights |
| New industrial policy of the government: Liberalization, deregulation, and privatization; Indian planning system; government policy concerning development of backward areas/ regions |
| The responsibilities of the business as well as the government to protect the environment; corporate governance; cyber laws |
Strategic cost management |
|---|
| Business policy as a field of study; nature and scope of strategic management, strategic intent, vision, objectives, and policies; process of strategic planning and implementation; environmental analysis and internal analysis; SWOT analysis |
| Tools and techniques for strategic analysis-impact matrix: The experience curve, BCG matrix, GEC mode, industry analysis, concept of value chain; strategic profile of a firm; framework for analyzing competition; competitive advantage of a firm |
| Generic competitive strategies; growth strategies-expansion, integration, and diversification; concept of core competence, strategic flexibility; reinventing strategy; strategy and structure; chief executive and board; turnaround management |
| Management of strategic change; strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions; strategy and corporate evolution in the Indian context |
International business |
|---|
| International business environment: Changing composition of trade in goods and services; India’s foreign trade: Policy and trends; financing of international trade; regional economic cooperation; FTAs; internationalization of service firms |
| International production; operation management in international companies; international taxation; global competitiveness and technological developments; global e-business; designing global organizational structure and control; multicultural management |
| Global business strategy; global marketing strategies; export management; export-import procedures; joint ventures; foreign investment: Foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment; cross-border mergers and acquisitions |
| Foreign exchange risk exposure management; world financial markets and international banking; external debt management; country risk analysis |
Linear algebra |
|---|
| Vector spaces over R and C, linear dependence and independence, subspaces, bases, dimensions, linear transformations, rank and nullity, matrix of a linear transformation |
| Algebra of matrices; row and column reduction, echelon form, congruence and similarity; rank of a matrix; inverse of a matrix; solution of system of linear equations; Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, characteristic polynomial, Cayley-Hamilton theorem |
| Symmetric, skew symmetric, Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, orthogonal and unitary matrices and their Eigenvalues |
Calculus |
|---|
| Real numbers, functions of a real variable, limits, continuity, differentiability, mean-value theorem, Taylor’s theorem with remainders, indeterminate forms, maxima and minima, asymptotes; curve tracing; functions of two or three variables |
| Limits, continuity, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Lagrange’s method of multipliers, Jacobian |
| Riemann’s definition of definite integrals; indefinite integrals; infinite and improper integral; double and triple integrals (evaluation techniques only); areas, surface, and volumes |
Analytic geometry |
|---|
| Cartesian and polar coordinates in three dimensions, second degree equations in three variables, reduction to canonical forms; straight lines, shortest distance between two skew lines, plane, sphere, cone, cylinder, paraboloid, ellipsoid |
| Hyperboloid of one and two sheets and their properties |
Ordinary differential equations |
|---|
| Formulation of differential equations; equations of first order and first degree, integrating factor; orthogonal trajectory; equations of first order but not of first degree, Clairaut’s equation, singular solution |
| Second and higher order linear equations with constant coefficients, complementary function, particular integral and general solution |
| Section order linear equations with variable coefficients, Euler-Cauchy equation; determination of complete solution when one solution is known using method of variation of parameters |
| Laplace and inverse Laplace transforms and their properties, Laplace transforms of elementary functions |
| Application to initial value problems for 2nd order linear equations with constant coefficients |
Dynamics and statics |
|---|
| Rectilinear motion, simple harmonic motion, motion in a plane, projectiles; constrained motion; work and energy, conservation of energy; Kepler’s laws, orbits under central forces |
| Equilibrium of a system of particles; work and potential energy, friction, common catenary; principle of virtual work; stability of equilibrium, equilibrium of forces in three dimensions |
Vector analysis |
|---|
| Scalar and vector fields, differentiation of vector field of a scalar variable; gradient, divergence and curl in Cartesian and cylindrical coordinates; higher order derivatives; vector identities and vector equation |
| Application to geometry: Curves in space, curvature, and torsion; Serret-Frenet formulae. Gauss and Stokes’ theorems, Green's identities |
Algebra |
|---|
| Groups, subgroups, cyclic groups, cosets, Lagrange’s theorem, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphism of groups, basic isomorphism theorems, permutation groups, Cayley’s theorem |
| Rings, subrings and ideals, homomorphisms of rings; integral domains, principal ideal domains, Euclidean domains, and unique factorization domains; fields, quotient fields |
Real analysis |
|---|
| Real number system as an ordered field with least upper bound property; sequences, limit of a sequence, Cauchy sequence, completeness of real line; series and its convergence, absolute and conditional convergence of series of real and complex terms |
| Rearrangement of series |
| Continuity and uniform continuity of functions, properties of continuous functions on compact sets |
| Riemann integral, improper integrals; fundamental theorems of integral calculus |
| Uniform convergence, continuity, differentiability and integrability for sequences and series of functions; partial derivatives of functions of several (two or three) variables, maxima, and minima |
Complex analysis |
|---|
| Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, power series, representation of an analytic function, Taylor’s series; singularities; Laurent’s series; Cauchy’s residue theorem; contour integration |
Linear programming |
|---|
| Linear programming problems, basic solution, basic feasible solution and optimal solution; graphical method and simplex method of solutions; duality |
| Transportation and assignment problems |
Partial differential equations |
|---|
| Family of surfaces in three dimensions and formulation of partial differential equations; Solution of quasilinear partial differential equations of the first order, Cauchy’s method of characteristics |
| Linear partial differential equations of the second order with constant coefficients, canonical form; equation of a vibrating string, heat equation, Laplace equation and their solutions |
Numerical analysis and computer programming |
|---|
| Numerical methods: Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations of one variable by bisection, regula-falsi and Newton-Raphson methods, solution of system of linear equations by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan (direct) |
| Gauss-Seidel (iterative) methods |
| Newton’s (forward and backward) and interpolation, Lagrange’s interpolation |
| Numerical integration: Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, Gaussian quadrature formula |
| Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations: Euler and Runga Kutta methods |
| Computer programming: Binary system; arithmetic and logical operations on numbers; octal and hexadecimal systems; conversion to and from decimal systems; algebra of binary numbers |
| Elements of computer systems and concept of memory; basic logic gates and truth tables, Boolean algebra, normal forms |
| Representation of unsigned integers, signed integers, and reals, double precision reals and long integers |
| Algorithms and flow charts for solving numerical analysis problems |
Mechanics and fluid dynamics |
|---|
| Generalized coordinates; D'Alembert’s principle and Lagrange’s equations; Hamilton equations; moment of inertia; motion of rigid bodies in two dimensions |
| Equation of continuity; Euler’s equation of motion for inviscid flow; stream-lines, path of a particle; potential flow; two-dimensional and axisymmetric motion; sources and sinks, vortex motion; Navier-Stokes equation for a viscous fluid |
Mechanics |
|---|
| Mechanics of rigid bodies: Equations of equilibrium in space and its application; first and second moments of area; simple problems on friction; kinematics of particles for plane motion; elementary particle dynamics |
| Mechanics of deformable bodies: Generalized Hooke’s law and its application; design problems on axial stress, shear stress, and bearing stress; material properties for dynamic loading; bending shear and stresses in beams |
| Mechanics of deformable bodies: Determination of principle stresses and strains-analytical and graphical; compound and combined stresses; biaxial stresses-thin walled pressure vessel; material behaviour and design factors for dynamic load |
| Mechanics of deformable bodies: Design of circular shafts for bending and torsional load only; deflection of beam for statically determinate problems; theories of failure |
Engineering materials |
|---|
| Basic concepts on structure of solids, common ferrous and non-ferrous materials and their applications; heat-treatment of steels; non-metals plastics, ceramics, composite materials, and nano-materials |
Theory of machines |
|---|
| Kinematic and dynamic analysis of plane mechanisms |
| Cams, gears, and epicyclic gear trains, flywheels, governors, balancing of rigid rotors, balancing of single and multi cylinder engines, linear vibration analysis of mechanical systems (single degree of freedom), critical speeds, and whirling of shafts |
Manufacturing science |
|---|
| Manufacturing process: Machine tool engineering-Merchant's force analysis: Taylor’s tool life equation; conventional machining; NC and CNC machining process; jigs and fixtures. Non-conventional machining-EDM, ECM, ultrasonic, water jet machining etc |
| Manufacturing process: Application of lasers and plasmas; energy rate calculations. Forming and welding processes-standard processes. Metrology-concept of fits and tolerances; tools and gauges; comparators; inspection of length; position |
| Manufacturing process: Metrology-profile and surface finish |
| Manufacturing management: System design-factory location, simple OR models; plant layout-methods based; applications of engineering economic analysis and break-even analysis for product selection, process selection, and capacity planning |
| Manufacturing management: Predetermined time standards. System planning; forecasting methods based on regression and decomposition, design and balancing of multi model and stochastic assembly lines |
| Manufacturing management: Inventory management-probabilistic inventory models for order time and order quantity determination; JIT systems; strategic sourcing; managing inter plant logistics |
| Manufacturing management: System operations and control-scheduling algorithms for job shops; applications of statistical methods for product and process quality control applications of control charts for mean, range, percent defective |
| Manufacturing management: Number of defectives and defects per unit; quality cost systems; management of resources, organizations and risks in projects. System improvement: Implementation of systems, such as total quality management |
| Manufacturing management: System improvement-developing and managing flexible, lean and agile organizations |
Thermodynamics, gas dynamics turbine |
|---|
| Basic concept of first-law and second law of thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility; availability and unavailability and irreversibility |
| Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of mach number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one dimensional isentropic flow |
| Flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer |
| Flow through fans, blowers, and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines; work done in the gas turbine |
| Reheat and regenerators |
Heat transfer |
|---|
| Conduction heat transfer-general conduction equation, Laplace, Poisson, and Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and hollow cylinder, and spheres |
| Convection heat transfer-Newton’s law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number |
| Convection heat transfer-hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and momentum transfer-Reynolds, Colburn, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow through horizontal tubes |
| Convection heat transfer-free convection from horizontal and vertical plates |
| Black body radiation-basic radiation laws such as Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck distribution, Wien's displacement etc |
| Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers |
Engines |
|---|
| Classification, thermodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas, and diesel engines |
| Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on knocking, reduction of knocking; forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels; additives; emission |
| Different systems of IC engines-fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems |
| Alternate fuels in ic engines |
Steam engineering |
|---|
| Steam generation-modified rankine cycle analysis; modern steam boilers; steam at critical and supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels |
| Steam turbines-principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust |
| Steam nozzles-flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle pressure at throat for maximum discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation of back pressure |
| Steam nozzles-supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line |
| Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration, methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines |
| Steam power plants-combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, cogeneration plants |
Refrigeration and air-conditioning |
|---|
| Vapour compression refrigeration cycle-cycle on p-H and T-s diagrams; eco-friendly refrigerants-R134a., 123; systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices |
| Simple vapour absorption systems |
| Psychrometry-properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and dehumidification effective temperature; air-conditioning load calculation; simple duct design |
Human anatomy |
|---|
| Applied anatomy including blood and nerve supply of upper and lower limbs and joints of shoulder, hip, and knee |
| Gross anatomy, blood supply and lymphatic drainage of tongue, thyroid, mammary gland, stomach, liver, prostate, gonads, and uterus |
| Applied anatomy of diaphragm, perineum, and inguinal region |
| Clinical anatomy of Kidney, Urinary bladder, Uterine tubes, Vas deferens |
| Embryology: Placenta and placental barrier. Development of heart, gut, kidney, uterus, ovary, testis and their common congenital abnormalities |
| Central and peripheral autonomic nervous system: Gross and clinical anatomy of ventricles of brain, circulation of cerebrospinal fluid; neural pathways and lesions of cutaneous sensations, hearing, and vision |
| Central and peripheral autonomic nervous system: Cranial nerves distribution and clinical significance; components of autonomic nervous system |
Human physiology |
|---|
| Conduction and transmission of impulse, mechanism of contraction, neuromuscular transmission, reflexes, control of equilibrium, posture and muscle tone, descending pathways, functions of cerebellum, basal ganglia, Physiology of sleep and consciousness |
| Endocrine system: Mechanism of action of hormones; formation, secretion, transport, metabolism, function and regulation of secretion of pancreas and pituitary gland |
| Physiology of reproductive system: Pregnancy menstrual cycle, lactation, pregnancy |
| Blood: Development, regulation, and fate of blood cells. Cardiovascular, cardiac output, blood pressure, regulation of cardiovascular functions |
Biochemistry |
|---|
| Organ function tests-liver, kidney, thyroid Protein synthesis |
| Vitamins and minerals |
| Restriction fragment length |
| polymorphism (RFLP) |
| Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) |
| Radioimmunoassays (RIA) |
Pathology |
|---|
| Inflammation and repair, disturbances of growth and cancer, pathogenesis and histopathology of rheumatic and ischemic heart disease, and diabetes mellitus |
| Differentiation between benign, malignant, primary and metastatic malignancies, pathogenesis and histopathology of bronchogenic carcinoma, carcinoma breast, oral cancer, cancer cervix, leukemia, etiology, pathogenesis and histopathology of-cirrhosis liver |
| Pathogenesis and histopathology of-glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, acute osteomyelitis |
Microbiology |
|---|
| Humeral and cell mediated immunity |
| Diseases caused by and laboratory diagnosis of-meningococcus, salmonella, shigella, herpes, dengue, polio, HIV/ AIDS, malaria, E. Histolytica, giardia, candida, cryptococcus, aspergillus |
Pharmacology |
|---|
| Mechanism of action and side effects of the following drugs: Antipyretics and analgesics, antibiotics, antimalaria, anti kala-azar, antidiabetics, antihypertensive, antidiuretics, general and cardiac vasodilators, antiviral, antiparasitic, antifungal |
| Mechanism of action and side effects of the following drugs: Immunosuppressants, anticancer |
Forensic medicine and toxicology |
|---|
| Forensic examination of injuries and wounds; examination of blood and seminal stains; poisoning, sedative overdose, hanging, drowning, burns, DNA and fingerprint study |
General medicine |
|---|
| Etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and principles of management (including prevention) of-Typhoid, rabies, AIDS, dengue, kala-azar, Japanese encephalitis |
| Etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and principles of management of: Ischemic heart disease, pulmonary embolism. Bronchial asthma |
| Pleural effusion, tuberculosis, malabsorption syndromes; acid peptic diseases, viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of liver |
| Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, renovascular hypertension, complications of diabetes mellitus, coagulation disorders, leukaemia, hypo and hyperthyroidism, meningitis, and encephalitis |
| Imaging in medical problems, ultrasound, echocardiogram, CT scan, MRI |
| Anxiety and depressive psychosis and schizophrenia and etc |
Paediatrics |
|---|
| Immunization, baby friendly hospital, congenital cyanotic heart disease, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopneumonia, kernicterus |
| IMNCI classification and management, PEM grading, and management |
| Ari and diarrhea of under five and their management |
Dermatology |
|---|
| Psoriasis, allergic dermatitis, scabies, eczema, vitiligo, Steven Johnson syndrome, Lichen planus |
General surgery |
|---|
| Clinical features, causes, diagnosis, and principles of management of cleft palate, harelip |
| Laryngeal tumour, oral, and esophageal tumours |
| Peripheral arterial diseases, varicose veins, coarctation of aorta |
| Tumours of thyroid, adrenal, glands |
| Abscess cancer, fibroadenoma, and adenosis of breast |
| Bleeding Peptic Ulcer, Tuberculosis of Bowel, Ulcerative Colitis, Cancer Stomach |
| Renal Mass, Cancer Prostate |
| Haemothorax, stones of gallbladder, kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder |
| Management of surgical conditions of rectum, anus and anal canal, gallbladder, and bile ducts |
| Splenomegaly, cholecystitis, portal hypertension, liver abscess, peritonitis, carcinoma head of pancreas |
| Fractures of spine, Colles’ fracture, and bone tumors |
| Endoscopy |
| Laparoscopic surgery |
Obstetrics and gynaecology including family planning |
|---|
| Diagnosis of pregnancy |
| Labour management, complications of 3rd stage, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, resuscitation of the newborn, management of abnormal life and difficult labour |
| Management of small for date or premature newborn |
| Diagnosis and management of anemia |
| Preeclampsia and toxaemias of pregnancy, management of postmenopausal syndrome |
| Intrauterine devices, pills, tubectomy, and vasectomy |
| Medical termination of pregnancy including legal aspects |
| Cancer cervix |
| Leucorrhoea, pelvic pain; infertility, dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), amenorrhoea, fibroid and prolapse of uterus |
Community medicine (Preventive and social medicine) |
|---|
| Principles, methods approach, and measurements of epidemiology |
| Nutrition, nutritional diseases/ disorders and nutrition programmes |
| Health information collection, analysis, and presentation |
| Objectives, components, and critical analysis of national programmes for control/ eradication of: Malaria, kala-azar, filaria and tuberculosis, HIV/ AIDS, STDS, and dengue |
| Critical appraisal of health care delivery system |
| Health management and administration; techniques, tools, programme implementation and evaluation |
| Objectives, components, goals, and status of reproductive and child health, national rural health mission, and millennium development goals |
| Management of hospital and industrial waste |
History and problems of philosophy |
|---|
| Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; substance; form and matter; causation; actuality and potentiality |
| Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz); Cartesian method and certain knowledge; substance; god; mind-body dualism; determinism and freedom |
| Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of knowledge; substance and qualities; self and god; skepticism |
| Kant: Possibility of synthetic a priori judgments; space and time; categories; ideas of reason; antinomies; critique of proofs for the existence of God |
| Hegel: dialectical method; absolute idealism |
| Moore, Russell, and early Wittgenstein: Defence of common sense; refutation of idealism; logical atomism; logical constructions; incomplete symbols; picture theory of meaning; saying and showing |
| Logical positivism: Verification theory of meaning; rejection of metaphysics; linguistic theory of necessary propositions |
| Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and use; language-games; critique of private language |
| Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; theory of essences; avoidance of psychologism |
| Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sarte, Heidegger): Existence and essence; choice, responsibility and authentic existence; being-in-the-world and temporality |
| Quine and strawson: Critique of empiricism; theory of basic particulars and persons |
| Carvaka: Theory of knowledge; rejection of transcendent entities |
| Jainism: Theory of reality; Saptabhanginaya; bondage and liberation |
| Schools of Buddhism: Pratityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada |
| Nyaya-Vaisesika: Theory of categories; theory of appearance; theory of Pramana; self, liberation; god; proofs for the existence of God; theory of causation; atomistic theory of creation |
| Samkhya; Prakrit; Purusa; causation; liberation |
| Yoga; Citta; Citta Vrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya |
| Mimamsa: Theory of knowledge |
| Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avida; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda |
| Aurobindo: Evolution, involution; integral yoga |
Sociopolitical philosophy |
|---|
| Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty |
| Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya |
| Individual and state: Rights; duties, and accountability |
| Forms of Government: Monarchy; theocracy, and democracy |
| Political ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism, and socialism |
| Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism |
| Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment |
| Development and social progress |
| Gender discrimination: Female foeticide, land and property rights; empowerment |
| Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar |
Philosophy of religion |
|---|
| Notions of god: Attributes; relation to man and the world (Indian and Western) |
| Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western) |
| Problem of evil |
| Soul: Immortality; rebirth and liberation |
| Reason, revelation, and faith |
| Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) |
| Religion without god |
| Religion and morality |
| Religious pluralism and the problem of absolute truth |
| Nature of religious language: Analogical and symbolic; cognitivist and non-cognitive |
Mechanics of particles |
|---|
| Laws of motion; conservation of energy and momentum, applications to rotating frames, centripetal and Coriolis accelerations; motion under a central force; conservation of angular momentum, Kepler’s laws; fields and potentials |
| Gravitational field and potential due to spherical bodies, Gauss and Poisson equations, gravitational self-energy; two-body problem; reduced mass; Rutherford scattering; centre of mass and laboratory reference frames |
Mechanics of rigid bodies |
|---|
| System of particles; centre of mass, angular momentum, equations of motion; conservation theorems for energy, momentum and angular momentum; elastic and inelastic collisions; rigid body; degrees of freedom, Euler’s theorem, angular velocity |
| Angular momentum, moments of inertia, theorems of parallel and perpendicular axes, equation of motion for rotation; molecular rotations (as rigid bodies); Di and triatomic molecules; processional motion; top, gyroscope |
Mechanics of continuous media |
|---|
| Elasticity, Hooke’s law and elastic constants of isotropic solids and their inter-relation; streamline (Laminar) flow, viscosity, Poiseuille’s equation, Bernoulli’s equation, Stokes’ law and applications |
Special relativity |
|---|
| Michelson-Morley experiment and its implications; Lorentz transformations length contraction, time dilation, addition of relativistic velocities, aberration and Doppler effect, mass-energy relation, simple applications to a decay process |
| Four dimensional momentum vector; covariance of equations of physics |
Waves and optics |
|---|
| Waves: Simple harmonic motion, damped oscillation, forced oscillation, and resonance; beats; stationary waves in a string; pulses and wave packets; phase and group velocities; reflection and refraction from Huygens’ principle |
| Geometrical optics: Laws of reflection and refraction from Fermat’s principle; matrix method in paraxial optics-thin lens formula, nodal planes, system of two thin lenses, chromatic and spherical aberrations |
| Interference: Interference of light-Young’s experiment, Newton’s rings interference by thin films, Michelson interferometer; multiple beam interference and Fabry Perot interferometer |
| Diffraction: Fraunhofer diffraction-single slit, double slit, diffraction grating, resolving power; diffraction by a circular aperture and the airy pattern; Fresnel diffraction: Half-period zones and zone plates, circular aperture |
| Polarization and modern optics: Production and detection of linearly and circularly polarized light; double refraction, quarter wave plate; optical activity; principles of fiber optics, attenuation |
| Polarization and modern optics: Pulse dispersion in step index and parabolic index fibers; material dispersion, single mode fibers; lasers-Einstein A and B coefficients. Ruby and He-Ne lasers. Characteristics of laser light-spatial and temporal coherence |
| Polarization and modern optics: Focusing of laser beams. Three-level scheme for laser operation; holography and simple applications |
Electricity and magnetism |
|---|
| Electrostatics and magnetostatics: Laplace and Poisson equations in electrostatics and their applications; energy of a system of charges, multipole expansion of scalar potential; method of images and its applications. Potential and field due to a dipole |
| Electrostatics and magnetostatics: Force and torque on a dipole in an external field; dielectrics, polarization. Solutions to boundary-value problems, conducting and dielectric spheres in a uniform electric field; magnetic shell |
| Electrostatics and magnetostatics: Uniformly magnetized sphere; ferromagnetic materials, hysteresis, energy loss |
| Current electricity: Kirchhoff's laws and their applications. Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law, Lenz’ law. Self-and mutual-inductances; mean and RMS values in AC circuits; DC and AC circuits with R, L, and C components |
| Current electricity: Series and parallel resonance; quality factor; principle of transformer |
Electromagnetic waves and blackbody radiation |
|---|
| Displacement current and Maxwell’s equations; wave equations in vacuum, Poynting theorem; vector and scalar potentials; electromagnetic field tensor, covariance of Maxwell’s equations; wave equations in isotropic dielectrics |
| Reflection and refraction at the boundary of two dielectrics; Fresnel’s relations; total internal reflection; normal and anomalous dispersion; Rayleigh scattering; blackbody radiation and Planck’s radiation law-Stefan-Boltzmann law |
| Blackbody radiation and Planck’s radiation law-Wien’s displacement law and Rayleigh-Jeans law |
Thermal and statistical physics |
|---|
| Thermodynamics: Laws of thermodynamics, reversible, and irreversible processes, entropy; isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, isochoric processes and entropy changes; Otto and diesel engines, Gibbs’ phase rule and chemical potential |
| Thermodynamics: Van Der Waals equation of state of a real gas, critical constants; Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular velocities, transport phenomena, equipartition and virial theorems |
| Thermodynamics: Dulong-Petit, Einstein, and Debye theories of specific heat of solids; Maxwell relations and application; Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Adiabatic demagnetization, Joule-Kelvin effect and liquefaction of gases |
| Statistical physics: Macro and micro states, statistical distributions, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein, and Fermi Dirac distributions, applications to specific heat of gases and blackbody radiation; concept of negative temperatures |
Quantum mechanics |
|---|
| Wave-particle duality; Schrödinger equation and expectation values; uncertainty principle; Solutions of the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for free particle (Gaussian wave packet), particle in a box, particle in a finite well |
| Linear harmonic oscillator; reflection and transmission by a step potential and by a rectangular barrier; particle in a three dimensional box, density of states, free electron theory of metals; angular momentum; hydrogen atom; spin half particles |
| Properties of pauli spin matrices |
Atomic and molecular physics |
|---|
| Stern-Gerlach experiment, electron spin, fine structure of hydrogen atom; L-S coupling, J-J coupling; spectroscopic notation of atomic states; Zeeman effect; Franck-condon principle and applications |
| Elementary theory of rotational, vibrational, and electronic spectra of diatomic molecules; Raman effect and molecular structure; laser Raman spectroscopy; importance of neutral hydrogen atom, molecular hydrogen and molecular hydrogen ion in astronomy |
| Fluorescence and phosphorescence; elementary theory and applications of NMR and EPR; elementary ideas about lamb shift and its significance |
Nuclear and particle physics |
|---|
| Basic nuclear properties-size, binding energy, angular momentum, parity, magnetic moment; semi-empirical mass formula and applications |
| Mass parabolas; ground state of a deuteron, magnetic moment and non-central forces; meson theory of nuclear forces; salient features of nuclear forces; shell model of the nucleus-success and limitations; violation of parity in beta decay |
| Gamma decay and internal conversion; elementary ideas about Mössbauer spectroscopy; Q-value of nuclear reactions; nuclear fission and fusion, energy production in stars |
| Nuclear reactors |
| Classification of elementary particles and their interactions; conservation laws; quark structure of hadrons: Field quanta of electroweak and strong interactions; elementary ideas about unification of forces; physics of neutrinos |
Solid state physics, devices, and electronics |
|---|
| Crystalline and amorphous structure of matter; different crystal systems, space groups; methods of determination of crystal structure; X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies |
| Band theory of solids-conductors, insulators, and semiconductors; thermal properties of solids, specific heat, Debye theory; magnetism: Dia, para, and ferromagnetism; elements of superconductivity, Meissner effect, Josephson junctions and applications |
| Elementary ideas about high temperature superconductivity |
| Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors-p-n-p and n-p-n transistors; amplifiers and oscillators |
| Op-amps; FET, JFET, and MOSFET; digital electronics-Boolean identities, De Morgan’s laws, logic gates and truth tables |
| Simple logic circuits; thermistors, solar cells; fundamentals of microprocessors and digital computers |
Political theory and Indian politics |
|---|
| Political theory: Meaning and approaches |
| Theories of state: Liberal, neo-liberal, Marxist, pluralist, post-colonial, and feminist |
| Justice: Conceptions of justice with special reference to Rawl’s theory of justice and its communitarian critiques |
| Equality: Social, political, and economic; relationship between equality and freedom; affirmative action |
| Rights: Meaning and theories; different kinds of rights; concept of human rights |
| Democracy: Classical and contemporary theories; different models of democracy- representative, participatory, and deliberative |
| Concept of power: Hegemony, ideology, and legitimacy |
| Political ideologies: Liberalism, socialism, Marxism, fascism, Gandhism, and feminism |
| Indian political thought: Dharamshastra, Arthashastra, and Buddhist traditions; Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Sri Aurobindo, M. K. Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, M. N. Roy |
| Western political thought: Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Johns. Mill, Marx, Gramsci, Hannah Arendt |
Indian government and politics |
|---|
| Indian nationalism: (a) Political strategies of India’s freedom struggle-constitutionalism to mass Satyagraha, non-cooperation, civil disobedience; militant and revolutionary movements, peasant, and workers movements |
| Indian nationalism: (b) Perspectives on Indian national movement; liberal, socialist, and Marxist; radical humanist and dalit |
| Making of the Indian constitution: Legacies of the British rule; different social and political perspectives |
| Salient features of the Indian constitution: The preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles; parliamentary system and amendment procedures; Judicial review and basic structure doctrine |
| Principal organs of the union government: Envisaged role and actual working of the executive, legislature, and supreme court |
| Principal organs of the state government: Envisaged role and actual working of the executive, legislature, and high courts |
| Grassroots democracy: Panchayati raj and municipal government; significance of 73rd and 74th amendments; grassroot movements |
| Statutory institutions/ commissions: Election commission, comptroller, and auditor general, finance commission, union public service commission, national commission for scheduled castes, national commission for scheduled tribes |
| Statutory institutions/ commissions: National commission for women; national human rights commission, national commission for minorities, national backward classes commission |
| Federalism: Constitutional provisions; changing nature of centre-state relations; integrationist tendencies and regional aspirations; inter-state disputes |
| Planning and economic development: Nehruvian and Gandhian perspectives; role of planning and public sector; green revolution, land reforms and agrarian relations; liberalization and economic reforms |
| Caste, religion, and ethnicity in Indian politics |
| Party system: National and regional political parties, ideological and social bases of parties; patterns of coalition politics; pressure groups, trends in electoral behaviour; changing socio economic profile of legislators |
| Social movement: Civil liberties and human rights movements; women’s movements; environmentalist movements |
Comparative politics and international relations (comparative political analysis and international politics) |
|---|
| Comparative politics: Nature and major approaches; political economy and political sociology perspectives; limitations of the comparative method |
| State in comparative perspective: Characteristics and changing nature of the state in capitalist and socialist economies, and advanced industrial, and developing societies |
| Politics of representation and participation: Political parties, pressure groups and social movements in advanced industrial and developing societies |
| Globalization: Responses from developed and developing societies |
| Approaches to the study of international relations: Idealist, realist, Marxist, functionalist and systems theory |
| Key concepts in international relations: National interest, security and power; balance of power and deterrence; transitional actors and collective security; world capitalist economy and globalization |
| Changing international political order: (a) Rise of superpowers; strategic and ideological bipolarity, arms race, and cold war; nuclear threat; (b) non-aligned movement: Aims and achievements. (c) Collapse of the soviet union |
| Changing international political order: (c) Unipolarity and American hegemony; relevance of nonalignment in the contemporary world |
| Evolution of the international economic system: From Bretton Woods to WTO; socialist economies and the CMEA (council for mutual economic assistance); third world demand for new international economic order; globalization of the world economy |
| United nations: Envisaged role and actual record; specialized un agencies-aims and functioning; need for un reforms |
| Regionalization of world politics: EU, ASEAN, APEC, AARC, NAFTA |
| Contemporary global concerns: Democracy, human rights, environment, gender justice terrorism, nuclear proliferation |
India and the world |
|---|
| Indian foreign policy: Determinants of foreign policy; the institutions of policy-making; continuity and change |
| India’s contribution to the non-alignment movement different phases; current role |
| India and South Asia: (a) Regional cooperation-SAARC-past performance and future prospect, (b) South Asia as a free trade area, (c) India’s 'look east' policy, (d) impediments to regional cooperation: River water disputes |
| India and South Asia: (d) Impediments to regional cooperation-illegal cross border migration; ethnic conflicts and insurgencies; border disputes |
| India and the global south: Relations with Africa and Latin America; leadership role in the demand for NIEO and WTO negotiations |
| India and the global centers of power: USA, EU, Japan China, and Russia |
| India and the UN system: Role in UN peacekeeping; demand for permanent seat in the security council |
| India and the nuclear question: Changing perceptions and policy |
| Recent developments in Indian foreign policy: India’s position on the recent crises in Afghanistan, Iraq, and West Asia, growing relations with US and Israel; vision of a new world order |
Introduction |
|---|
| Definition of psychology; historical antecedents of psychology and trends in the 21st century; psychology and scientific methods; psychology in relation to other social sciences and natural sciences; application of psychology to societal problems |
Methods of psychology |
|---|
| Types of research-descriptive, evaluative, diagnostic and prognostic; methods of research: Survey, observation, case-study and experiments; characteristics of experimental design and non-experimental designs, Quasi-experimental designs |
| Focused group discussions, brainstorming, grounded theory approach |
Research methods |
|---|
| Major steps in psychological research (problem statement, hypothesis formulation, research design, sampling, tools of data collection, analysis and interpretation and report writing); fundamental versus applied research |
| Methods of data collection (interview, observation, questionnaire); research designs (ex-post facto and experimental); application of statistical techniques (t-test, two-way ANOVA, correlation and regression and factor analysis) item response theory |
Development of human behaviour |
|---|
| Growth and development; principles of development, role of genetic and environmental factors in determining human behaviour; influence of cultural factors in socialization; life span development-characteristics |
| Life span development-development tasks, promoting psychological well-being across major stages of the life span |
Sensation, attention, and perception |
|---|
| Sensation: Concepts of threshold, absolute and difference thresholds, signal-detection and vigilance; factors influencing attention including set and characteristics of stimulus; definition and concept of perception |
| Biological factors in perception; perceptual organization-influence of past experiences, perceptual defence-factor influencing space and depth perception, size estimation and perceptual readiness; the plasticity of perception |
| Extrasensory perception; culture and perception, subliminal perception |
Learning |
|---|
| Concepts and theories of learning (behaviourists, gestaltism, and information processing models). The processes of extinction, discrimination, and generalization; programmed learning, probability learning, self instructional learning, concepts |
| Types, and the schedules of reinforcement, escape, avoidance and punishment, modelling and social learning |
Memory |
|---|
| Encoding and remembering; short-term memory, long-term memory, sensory memory, iconic memory, echoic memory: The multistore model, levels of processing; organization and mnemonic techniques to improve memory |
| Theories of forgetting: Decay, interference and retrieval failure: Metamemory; amnesia: Anterograde and retrograde |
Thinking and problem solving |
|---|
| Piaget’s theory of cognitive development; concept formation processes; information processing, reasoning and problem solving, facilitating, and hindering factors in problem solving |
| Methods of problem solving: Creative thinking and fostering creativity; factors influencing decision making and judgment; recent trends |
Motivation and emotion |
|---|
| Psychological and physiological basis of motivation and emotion; measurement of motivation and emotion; effects of motivation and emotion on behaviour; extrinsic and intrinsic motivation; factors influencing intrinsic motivation |
| Emotional competence and the related issues |
Intelligence and aptitude |
|---|
| Concept of intelligence and aptitude, nature and theories of intelligence-Spearman, Thurstone, Guilford Vernon, Sternberg and J.P. Das; emotional intelligence, social intelligence, measurement of intelligence and aptitudes, concept of IQ, deviation IQ |
| Constancy of IQ; measurement of multiple intelligence; fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence |
Personality |
|---|
| Definition and concept of personality; theories of personality (psychoanalytical, socio-cultural, interpersonal, developmental, humanistic, behaviouristic, trait and type approaches) |
| Measurement of personality (projective tests, pencil-paper test); the Indian approach to personality; training for personality development; latest approaches like big 5 factor theory; the notion of self in different traditions |
Attitudes, values, and interests |
|---|
| Definitions of attitudes, values, and interests; components of attitudes; formation and maintenance of attitudes. Measurement of attitudes, values and interests. Theories of attitude changes; strategies for fostering values |
| Formation of stereotypes and prejudices; changing other’s behaviour, theories of attribution; recent trends |
Language and communication |
|---|
| Human language-properties, structure and linguistic hierarchy, language acquisition-predisposition, critical period hypothesis; theories of language development-Skinner and Chomsky; process and types of communication-effective communication training |
Issues and perspectives in modern contemporary psychology |
|---|
| Computer application in the psychological laboratory and psychological testing; artificial intelligence; psycho cybernetics; study of consciousness sleep-wake schedules; dreams, stimulus deprivation, meditation, hypnotic/ drug induced states |
| Extrasensory perception; intercessory perception; simulation studies |
Psychological measurement of individual differences |
|---|
| The nature of individual differences; characteristics and construction of standardized psychological tests; types of psychological tests; use, misuse, and limitation of psychological tests; ethical issues in the use of psychological tests |
Psychological well being and mental disorders |
|---|
| Concept of health-ill health positive health; well being causal factors in mental disorders (anxiety disorders, mood disorders; schizophrenia and delusional disorders; personality disorders, substance abuse disorders) |
| Factors influencing positive health, well being; lifestyle and quality of life; happiness disposition |
Therapeutic approaches |
|---|
| Psychodynamic therapies; behaviour therapies; client centered therapy; cognitive therapies; indigenous therapies (yoga, meditation); biofeedback therapy; prevention and rehabilitation of the mentally ill; fostering mental health |
Work psychology and organizational behaviour |
|---|
| Personnel selection and training; use of psychological tests in the industry; training and human resource development; theories of work motivation-Herzberg, Maslow, Adam equity theory, Porter and Lawler, vroom |
| Leadership and participatory management; advertising and marketing; stress and its management; ergonomics; consumer psychology; managerial effectiveness; transformational leadership; sensitivity training; power and politics in organizations |
Application of psychology to educational field |
|---|
| Psychological principles underlying effective teaching-learning process; learning styles; gifted, retarded, learning disabled, and their training; training for improving memory and better academic achievement; personality development and value education |
| Educational, vocational guidance and career counselling; use of psychological tests in educational institutions; effective strategies in guidance programmers |
Community psychology |
|---|
| Definition and concept of community psychology; use of small groups in social action; arousing community consciousness and action for handling social problems; group decision making and leadership for social change; effective strategies for social change |
Rehabilitation psychology |
|---|
| Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention programmes-role of psychologists; organizing of services for rehabilitation of physically, mentally, and socially challenged persons including old persons |
| Rehabilitation of persons suffering from substance abuse, juvenile delinquency, criminal behaviours; rehabilitation of victims of violence, rehabilitation of HIV/ AIDS victims, the role of social agencies |
Application of psychology to disadvantaged groups |
|---|
| The concepts of disadvantaged, deprivation; social, physical, cultural, and economic consequences of disadvantaged and deprived groups; educating and motivating the disadvantaged towards development; relative and prolonged deprivation |
Psychological problem of social integration |
|---|
| The concept of social integration; the problem of caste, class, religion and language conflicts and prejudice; nature and manifestation of prejudice between the in group and out-group; causal factors of such conflicts and prejudices |
| Psychological strategies for handling the conflicts and prejudices; measures to achieve social integration |
Application of psychology in information technology and mass media |
|---|
| The present scenario of information technology and the mass media boom and the role of psychologists; selection and training of psychology professionals to work in the field of it and mass media; distance learning through IT and mass media |
| Entrepreneurship through e-commerce; multi level marketing; impact of TV and fostering value through IT and mass media; psychological consequences of recent developments in information technology |
Psychology and economic development |
|---|
| Achievement motivation and economic development; characteristics of entrepreneurial behaviour; motivating and training people for entrepreneurship and economic development; consumer rights and consumer awareness |
| Government policies for promotion of entrepreneurship among youth including women entrepreneurs |
Application of psychology to environment and related fields |
|---|
| Environmental psychology-effects of noise, pollution, and crowding; population psychology: Psychological consequence of population explosion and high population density; motivating for small family norms |
| Impact of rapid scientific and technological growth on degradation of environment |
Application of psychology in other fields |
|---|
| Military psychology-devising psychological tests for defence personnel for use in selection, training, counseling; training psychologists to work with defence personnel in promoting positive health, human engineering in defence |
| Sports psychology: Psychological interventions in improving performance of athletes and sports. Persons participating in individual and team games |
| Media influences on pro and antisocial behaviour |
| Psychology of terrorism |
Psychology of gender |
|---|
| Issues of discrimination, management of diversity; glass ceiling effect, self-fulfilling prophecy, women and India |
Introduction |
|---|
| Meaning, scope, and significance of public administration; Wilson's vision of public administration; evolution of the discipline and its present status; new public administration; public choice approach; challenges of liberalization |
| Privatization, globalization; good governance: concept and application; new public management |
Administrative thought |
|---|
| Scientific management and scientific management movement; classical theory; Weber’s bureaucratic model-its critique and post-Weberian developments; dynamic administration (Mary Parker Follett) |
| Human relations school (Elton Mayo and others); functions of the executive (C.I. Barnard); Simon’s decision-making theory; participative management (R. Likert, C. Argyris, D. Mcgregor) |
Administrative behaviour |
|---|
| Process and techniques of decision-making; communication; morale; motivation theories-content, process, and contemporary; theories of leadership: Traditional and modem |
Organizations |
|---|
| Theories-systems, contingency; structure and forms: Ministries and departments, corporations, companies; boards and commissions; ad hoc, and advisory bodies; headquarters and field relationships; regulatory authorities; public-private partnerships |
Accountability and control |
|---|
| Concepts of accountability and control; legislative, executive and judicial control over administration; citizen and administration; role of media, interest groups, voluntary organizations; civil society; citizen’s charters; right to information |
| Social audit |
Administrative law |
|---|
| Meaning, scope, and significance; dicey on administrative law; delegated legislation; administrative tribunals |
Comparative public administration |
|---|
| Historical and sociological factors affecting administrative systems; administration and politics in different countries; status of comparative public administration; ecology and administration; Riggsian models and their critique |
Development dynamics |
|---|
| Concept of development; changing profile of development administration; ‘anti-development thesis’; bureaucracy and development; strong state versus the market debate; impact of liberalization on administration in developing countries |
| Women and development-the self-help group movement |
Personnel administration |
|---|
| Importance of human resource development; recruitment, training, career advancement, position classification, discipline, performance appraisal, promotion, pray and service conditions; employer-employee relations |
| Employer-grievance redressal mechanism; code of conduct; administrative ethics |
Public policy |
|---|
| Models of policy-making and their critique; processes of conceptualization, planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and review and their limitations; state theories and public policy formulation |
Techniques of administrative improvement |
|---|
| Organization and methods, work study and work management; e-governance and information technology; management aid tools like network analysis, MIS, PERT, CPM |
Financial administration |
|---|
| Monetary and fiscal policies; public borrowings and public debt budgets-types and forms; budgetary process; financial accountability; accounts and audit |
Evolution of Indian administration |
|---|
| Kautilya arthashastra; Mughal administration; legacy of British rule in politics and administration-Indianization of public services, revenue administration, district administration, local self government |
Philosophical and constitutional framework of government |
|---|
| Salient features and value premises; constitutionalism; political culture; bureaucracy and democracy; bureaucracy and development |
Public sector undertakings |
|---|
| Public sector in modern India; forms of public sector undertakings; problems of autonomy, accountability, and control; impact of liberalization and privatization |
Union government and administration |
|---|
| Executive, parliament, judiciary-structure, functions, work processes; recent trends; intra-governmental relations; cabinet secretariat; prime minister’s office; central secretariat; ministries and departments; boards; commissions; attached offices |
| Field organizations |
Plans and priorities |
|---|
| Machinery of planning; role, composition and functions of the planning commission and the national development council; ‘indicative’ planning; process of plan formulation at union and state levels |
| Constitutional amendments (1992) and Decentralized planning for Economic Development and Social Justice |
State government and administration |
|---|
| Union-state administrative, legislative, and financial relations; role of the finance commission; governor; chief minister; council of ministers; chief secretary; state secretariat; directorates |
District administration since independence |
|---|
| Changing role of the collector; union state-local relations; imperatives of development management and law and order administration; district administration and democratic decentralization |
Civil services |
|---|
| Constitutional position; structure, recruitment, training and capacity-building; good governance initiatives; code of conduct and discipline; staff associations; political rights; grievance redressal mechanism; civil service neutrality |
| Civil service activism |
Financial management |
|---|
| Budget as a political instrument; parliamentary control of public expenditure; role of finance ministry in monetary and fiscal area; accounting techniques; audit; role of controller general of accounts and comptroller and auditor general of India |
Role of controller general of accounts and comptroller and auditor general of India |
|---|
| Major concerns; important committees and commissions; reforms in financial management and human resource development; problems of implementation |
Rural development |
|---|
| Institutions and agencies since independence; rural development programmes: Foci and strategies; decentralization and panchayati raj; 73rd constitutional amendment |
Urban local government |
|---|
| Municipal governance-main features, structures, finance and problem areas; 74th constitutional amendment; global-local debate; new localism; development dynamics; politics and administration with special reference to city management |
Law and order administration |
|---|
| British legacy; national police commission; investigative agencies; role of central and state agencies including para military forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism |
| Criminalization of politics and administration; police-public relations; reforms in police |
Significant issues in Indian administration |
|---|
| Values in public service; regulatory commissions; national human rights commission; problems of administration in coalition regimes; citizen administration interface; corruption and administration; disaster management |
Sociology-the discipline |
|---|
| Modernity and social changes in europe and emergence of sociology |
| Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences |
| Sociology and common sense |
Sociology as science |
|---|
| Science, scientific method and critique |
| Major theoretical strands of research methodology |
| Positivism and its critique |
| Fact value and objectivity |
| Non- positivist methodologies |
Research methods and analysis |
|---|
| Qualitative and quantitative methods |
| Techniques of data collection |
| Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability and validity |
Sociological thinkers |
|---|
| Karl Marx: Historical materialism, mode of production, alienation, class struggle |
| Émile Durkheim: Division of labour, social fact, suicide, religion, and society |
| Max Weber: Social action, ideal types, authority, bureaucracy, protestant ethic, and the spirit of capitalism |
| Talcott Parsons: Social system, pattern variables |
| Robert K. Merton: Latent and manifest functions, conformity and deviance, reference groups |
| Mead: Self and identity |
Stratification and mobility |
|---|
| Concepts-equality, inequality, hierarchy, exclusion, poverty, and deprivation |
| Theories of social stratification-structural functionalist theory, Marxist, Weberian theory |
| Dimensions-social stratification of class, status groups, gender, ethnicity, and race |
| Social mobility-open and closed systems, types of mobility, sources and causes of mobility |
Works and economic life |
|---|
| Social organization of work in different types of society-slave society, feudal society, industrial/ capitalist society |
| Formal and informal organization of work |
| Labour and society |
Politics and society |
|---|
| Sociological theories of power |
| Power elite, Bureaucracy, Pressure groups, and Political parties |
| Nation, state, citizenship, democracy, civil society, ideology |
| Protest, agitation, social movements, collective action, revolution |
Religion and society |
|---|
| Sociological theories of religion |
| Types of religious practices: Animism, monism, pluralism, sects, cults |
| Religion in modern society: Religion and science, secularization, religious revivalism, fundamentalism |
Systems of kinship |
|---|
| Family, household, marriage |
| Types and forms of family |
| Lineage and descent |
| Patriarchy and sexual division of labour |
| Contemporary trends |
Social change in modern society |
|---|
| Sociological theories of social change |
| Development and dependency |
| Agents of social change |
| Education and social change |
| Science, technology, and social change |
Introducing Indian society |
|---|
| Perspectives on the study of Indian society: (a) Indology (G.S. Ghurye), (b) structural functionalism (M.N. Srinivas), (c) Marxist sociology (A.R. Desai) |
| Impact of colonial rule on Indian society: (a) Social background of Indian nationalism, (b) modernization of Indian tradition, (c) protests and movements during the colonial period, (d) social reforms |
Social structure |
|---|
| Rural and agrarian social structure: (a) The idea of Indian village and village studies, (b) agrarian social structure-evolution of land tenure system, land reforms |
| Caste System: (a) Perspectives on the study of caste systems-G.S. Ghurye, M.N. Srinivas, Louis Dumont, Andre Beteille, (b) features of caste system, (c) untouchability-forms and perspectives |
| Tribal communities in India: (a) Definitional problems, (b) geographical spread, (c) colonial policies and tribes, (d) issues of integration and autonomy |
| Social classes in India: (a) Agrarian class structure, (b) industrial class structure, (c) middle classes in India. |
| Systems of kinship in India: (a) Lineage and descent in India, (b) types of kinship systems, (c) family and marriage in India, (d) Household dimensions of the family |
| Religion and society: (a) Religious communities in India, (b) problems of religious minorities, (c) patriarchy, entitlements, and sexual division of labour |
Social changes in India |
|---|
| Vision of social changes in India: (a) Idea of development and planning and mixed economy, (b) constitution, law, and social changes, (c) education and social changes |
| Rural and agrarian transformation in India: (a) Programme of rural development, community development programme, cooperatives poverty alleviation schemes, (b) green revolution and social changes, (c) changing mode of production in Indian agriculture |
| Rural and agrarian transformation in India: (d) Problems of rural labour, bondage, migration |
| Industrialization and urbanization in India: (a) Evolution of modern industry in India, (b) growth of urban settlement in India, (c) working class: Structure, growth, class mobilization, (d) informal sector, child labour, (e) slums and deprivation |
| Politics and society: (a) Nation, democracy, and citizenship, (b) political parties, pressure groups, social and political elite, (c) regionalism and decentralization of power, (d) secularization |
| Social movement in modern India: (a) Peasant and farmer movement, (b) women’s movement, (c) backward classes and Dalit movement. (d) ethnicity and identity movements |
| Population dynamic: (a) Population size, growth, composition and distribution, (b) components of population growth, birth death, migration, (c) population policy and family planning, (d) emerging issues, ageing sex ratio, child and infant mortality |
| Population dynamic: (d) Reproductive health |
| Challenges of social transformation: (a) Crisis of development-displacement, environmental problem, and sustainability, (b) poverty deprivation and inequalities, (c) violence against women, (d) caste conflicts |
| Challenges of social transformation: (e) Ethnic conflicts, communalism, religious revivalism, (f) Illiteracy and disparities in education |
Probability |
|---|
| Sample space and events, probability measure and probability space, random variable as a measurable function, distribution function of a random variable, discrete, and continuous-type random variable, probability mass function |
| Probability density function, vector-valued random variable, marginal and conditional distributions, stochastic independence of events and of random variables, expectation and moments of a random variable, conditional expectation |
| Convergence of a sequence of random variable in distribution, in probability, in path mean, and almost everywhere, their criteria and inter-relations, Chebyshev’s inequality and Khintchine’s weak law of large numbers |
| Strong law of large numbers and Kolmogoroffs theorems, probability generating function, moment generating function, characteristic function, inversion theorem, Lindenberg and Levy forms of central limit theorem |
| Standard discrete and continuous probability distributions |
Statistical inference |
|---|
| Consistency, unbiasedness, efficiency, sufficiency, completeness, ancillary statistics, factorization theorem, exponential family of distribution and its properties, uniformly minimum variance unbiased (UMVU) estimation |
| Rao blackwell and Lehmann-Scheffe theorems, Cramer Rao inequality for single parameter |
| Estimation by methods of moments, maximum likelihood, least squares, minimum chi-square and modified minimum chi-square, properties of maximum likelihood and other estimators, asymptotic efficiency, prior and posterior distributions, loss function |
| Risk function, and minimax estimator |
| Bayes estimators |
| Non-randomized and randomized tests, critical function, MP tests, Neyman-Pearson lemma, UMP tests, monotone likelihood ratio: Similar and unbiased tests, UMPU tests for single parameter likelihood ratio test and its asymptotic distribution |
| Confidence bounds and its relation with tests |
| Kolmogorov’s test for goodness of fit and its consistency, sign test and its optimality |
| Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and its consistency, Kolmogorov-Smirnov two sample test, run test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and median test, their consistency, and asymptotic normality |
| Wald’s SPRT and its properties, OC and ASN functions for tests regarding parameters for bernoulli, Poisson, normal, and exponential distributions |
| Wald’s fundamental identity |
Linear inference and multivariate analysis |
|---|
| Linear statistical models, theory of least squares and analysis of variance, Gauss-Markoff theory, normal equations, least squares estimates and their precision, test of significance and interval estimates based on least squares theory in one way |
| Two-way and three-way classified data, regression analysis, linear regression, curvilinear regression and orthogonal polynomials, multiple regression, multiple and partial correlations, estimation of variance and covariance components |
| Multivariate normal distribution, Mahalanobis D² and hotelling’s T² statistics and their applications and properties, discriminant analysis, canonical correlations, principal component analysis |
Sampling theory and design of experiments |
|---|
| An outline of fixed-population and super-population approaches, distinctive features of finite population sampling, probability sampling designs, simple random sampling with and without replacement, stratified random sampling |
| Systematic sampling and its efficacy, cluster sampling, two stage and multi-stage sampling, ratio and regression methods of estimation involving one or more auxiliary variables, two-phase sampling |
| Probability proportional to size sampling with and without replacement, the Hansen-Hurwitz and the Horvitz-Thompson estimators, non-negative variance estimation with reference to the Horvitz-Thompson estimator, non-sampling errors |
| Fixed effects model (two-way classification) random and mixed effects models (two-way classification with equal observation per cell), CRD, RBD, LSD, and their analyses, incomplete block designs, concepts of orthogonality and balance, BIBD |
| Missing plot technique, factorial experiments and 2⁴ and 3², confounding in factorial experiments, split-plot and simple lattice designs, transformation of data Duncan’s multiple range test |
Industrial statistics |
|---|
| Process and product control, general theory of control charts, different types of control charts for variables and attributes, X, R, s, p, np, and charts, cumulative sum chart |
| Single, double, multiple, and sequential sampling plans for attributes, OC, ASN, AOQ, and ATI curves, concepts of producers and consumers risks, AQL, LTPD, and AOQL, sampling plans for variables, use of Dodge-Romin tables |
| Concept of reliability, failure rate, and reliability functions, reliability of series and parallel systems and other simple configurations, renewal density and renewal function, failure models: Exponential, weibull, normal, lognormal |
| Problems in life testing, censored and truncated experiments for exponential models |
Optimization techniques |
|---|
| Different types of models in operations research, their construction, and general methods of solution, simulation and Monte-Carlo methods formulation of linear programming (LP) problem, simple LP model and its graphical solution, the simplex procedure |
| The two-phase method and the M-technique with artificial variables, the duality theory of LP and its economic interpretation, sensitivity analysis, transportation and assignment problems, rectangular games, two-person zero-sum games |
| Methods of solution (graphical and algebraic) |
| Replacement of failing or deteriorating items, group and individual replacement policies, concept of scientific inventory management and analytical structure of inventory problems |
| Simple models with deterministic and stochastic demand with and without lead time, storage models with particular reference to dam type |
| Homogeneous discrete-time Markov chains, transition probability matrix, classification of states and ergodic theorems, homogeneous continuous-time Markov chains, Poisson process, elements of queuing theory, M/ MI, M/ M/ K, G/ M/ l, and M/ G/ 1 queues |
| Solution of statistical problems on computers using well-known statistical software packages like spss |
Quantitative economics and official statistics |
|---|
| Determination of trend, seasonal and cyclical components, Box-Jenkins method, tests for stationary series, ARIMA models and determination of orders of autoregressive and moving average components, forecasting |
| Commonly used index numbers-Laspeyres, Paasche’s, and Fisher’s ideal index numbers, chambase index number, uses and limitations of index numbers, index number of wholesale prices, consumer price, agricultural production and industrial production |
| Test for index numbers-proportionality, time-reversal, factor-reversal, and circular |
| General linear model, ordinary least square and generalized least squares methods of estimation, problem of multicollinearity, consequences, and solutions of multicollinearity, autocorrelation and its consequences |
| Heteroscedasticity of disturbances and its testing, test for independence of disturbances concept of structure and model for simultaneous equations, problem of identification-rank and order conditions of identifiability |
| Two-stage least square method of estimation |
| Present official statistical system in India relating to population, agriculture, industrial production, trade and prices, methods of collection of official statistics, their reliability, and limitations, principal publications containing such statistics |
| Various official agencies responsible for data collection and their main functions |
Demography and psychometry |
|---|
| Demographic data from census, registration, NSS other surveys, their limitations and uses, definition, construction and uses of vital rates and ratios, measures of fertility, reproduction rates, morbidity rate, standardized death rate |
| Complete and abridged life tables, construction of life tables from vital statistics and census returns, uses of life tables, logistic and other population growth curves, fitting a logistic curve, population projection, stable population |
| Quasi-stable population, techniques in estimation of demographic parameters, standard classification by cause of death, health surveys and use of hospital statistics |
| Methods of standardization of scales and tests, Z-scores, standard scores, T-scores, percentile scores, intelligence quotient and its measurement and uses, validity and reliability of test scores and its determination |
| Use of factor analysis and path analysis in psychometry |
Non-chordata and chordata |
|---|
| Classification and relationship of various phyla upto subclasses: Acoelomate and coelomate, protostomes, and deuterostomes, bilateria and radiata; status of protista, parazoa, onychophora, and hemichordata; symmetry |
| Protozoa: Locomotion, nutrition, reproduction, sex; general features and life history of paramecium, monocystis. Plasmodium and leishmania |
| Porifera: Skeleton, canal system, and reproduction |
| Cnidaria: Polymorphism, defensive structures, and their mechanism; coral reefs and their formation; metagenesis; general features and life history of obelia and aurelia |
| Platyhelminthes: Parasitic adaptation; general features and life history of fasciola and taenia and their-pathogenic symptoms |
| Nemathelminthes: General features, life history, parasitic adaptation of Ascaris and Wuchereria |
| Annelida: Coelom and metamerism; modes of life in polychaetes; general features and life history of nereis, earthworm, and leach |
| Arthropoda: Larval forms and parasitism in crustacea; vision and respiration in arthropods (prawn, cockroach, and scorpion); modification of mouth, parts in insects (cockroach, mosquito, housefly, honey bee, and butterfly) |
| Arthropoda: Metaphor phosis in insect and its hormonal regulation, social behaviour of apis and termites |
| Molluscs: Feeding, respiration, locomotion, general features, and life history of lamellidens, pila, and sepia. Torsion and detorsion in gastropods |
| Echinodermata: Feeding, respiration, locomotion, larval forms, general features and life history of asterias |
| Protochordata: Origin of chordates; general features and life history of branchiostoma and herdmania |
| Pisces: Respiration, locomotion, and migration |
| Amphibia: Origin of tetrapods, parental care, paedomorphosis |
| Reptilia: Origin of reptiles, skull types, status of sphenodon and crocodiles |
| Aves: Origin of birds, flight adaptation, migration |
| Mammalia: Origin of mammals, dentition, general features of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, aquatic mammals and primates, endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads) and their inter-relationships |
| Comparative functional anatomy of various systems of vertebrates |
| Integument and its derivatives, endoskeleton, locomotory organs, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system including heart and aortic arches, urinogenital system; brain and sense organs (eye and ear) |
Ecology |
|---|
| Biosphere: Concept of biosphere; biomes, biogeochemical cycles, human induced changes in atmosphere including greenhouse effect, ecological succession, biomes and ecotones, community ecology |
| Concept of ecosystem; structure and function of ecosystem, types of ecosystem, ecological succession, ecological adaptation |
| Population; characteristics, population dynamics, population stabilization |
| Biodiversity and diversity conservation of natural resources |
| Wildlife of india |
| Remote sensing for sustainable development |
| Environmental biodegradation; pollution and its impact on biosphere and its prevention |
Ethology |
|---|
| Behaviour: Sensory filtering, responsiveness, sign stimuli, learning, and memory, instinct, habituation, conditioning, imprinting |
| Role of hormones in drive; role of pheromones in alarm spreading; crypsis, predator detection, predator tactics, social hierarchies in primates, social organization in insects |
| Orientation, navigation, homing; biological rhythms: Biological clock, tidal, seasonal, and circadian rhythms |
| Methods of studying animal behaviour including sexual conflict, selfishness, kinship, and altruism |
Economic zoology |
|---|
| Apiculture, sericulture, lac culture, carp culture, pearl culture, prawn culture, vermiculture |
| Major infectious and communicable diseases (malaria, filaria, tuberculosis, cholera, and AIDS) their vectors, pathogens, and prevention |
| Cattle and livestock diseases, their pathogen (helminths) and vectors (ticks, mites, tabanus, stomoxys) |
| Pests of sugarcane (pyrilla perpusilla), oil seed (achaea janata) and rice (sitophilus oryzae) |
| Transgenic animals |
| Medical biotechnology, human genetic disease and genetic counselling, gene therapy |
| Forensic biotechnology |
Biostatistics |
|---|
| Designing of experiments; null hypothesis; correlation, regression, distribution and measure of central tendency, chi-square, student-test, F-test (one-way and two-way F-test) |
Instrumentation methods |
|---|
| Spectrophotometer, phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy, radioactive tracer, ultracentrifuge, gel electrophoresis, PCR, ELISA, FISH, and chromosome painting |
| Electron microscopy (TEM, SEM) |
Cell biology |
|---|
| Structure and function of cell and its organelles (nucleus, plasma membrane, mitochondria, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and lysosomes), cell division (mitosis and meiosis), mitotic spindle and mitotic apparatus |
| Chromosome movement chromosome type polytene and lampbrush, organization of chromatin, heterochromatin, cell cycle regulation |
| Nucleic acid topology, DNA motif, DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, translation, protein foldings and transport |
Genetics |
|---|
| Modern concept of gene, split gene, genetic regulation, genetic, code |
| Sex chromosomes and their evolution, sex determination in drosophila and human |
| Mendel’s laws of inheritance, recombination, linkage, multiple alleles, genetics of blood groups, pedigree analysis, hereditary diseases in man |
| Mutations and mutagenesis |
| Recombinant DNA technology, plasmid, cosmid, artificial chromosomes as vectors, transgenics, DNA cloning and whole animal cloning (principles and methods) |
| Gene regulation and expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| Signal molecules, cell death, defects in signaling pathway, and consequences |
| RFLP, RAPD, and AFLF and application of RFLP in DNA fingerprinting, ribozyme technologies, human genome project, genomics, and proteomics |
Evolution |
|---|
| Theories of origin of life |
| Theories of evolution; natural selection, role of mutation in evolution, evolutionary patterns, molecular drive, mimicry, variation, isolation, and speciation |
| Evolution of horse, elephant, and man using fossil data |
| Hardy-weinberg law |
| Continental drift and distribution of animals |
Systematic |
|---|
| Zoological nomenclature, international code, cladistics, molecular taxonomy, and biodiversity |
Biochemistry |
|---|
| Structure and role of carbohydrates, fats, fatty acids, cholesterol, proteins and amino acids, nucleic acids |
| Bioenergetics |
| Glycolysis and Krebs cycle, oxidation and reduction, oxidative phosphorylation; energy conservation and release, ATP, cycl cyclic AMP-its structure and role |
| Hormone classification (steroid and peptide hormones), biosynthesis and functions |
| Enzymes: Types and mechanisms of action |
| Vitamins and coenzymes |
| Immunoglobulin and immunity |
Physiology (with special reference to Mammals) |
|---|
| Composition and constituents of blood; blood groups and Rh factor in man; factors and mechanism of coagulation; iron metabolism, acid-base balance, thermoregulation, anticoagulants |
| Hemoglobin: Composition, types, and role in transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Digestion and absorption: Role of salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and intestinal glands |
| Excretion: Nephron and regulation of urine formation; osmoregulation and excretory product |
| Muscles: Types, mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles, effects of exercise on muscles |
| Neuron: Nerve impulse-its conduction and synaptic transmission; neurotransmitters |
| Vision, hearing, and olfaction in man |
| Physiology of reproduction puberty and menopause in human |
Developmental biology |
|---|
| Gametogenesis; spermatogenesis, composition of semen, in-vitro and in-vivo capacitation of mammalian sperm, oogenesis, totipotency; fertilization, morphogenesis and morphogen; blastogenesis, establishment of body axes formation, fate map |
| Gestulation in frog and chick; genes in development in chick homeotic genes, development of eye and heart, placenta in mammals |
| Cell lineage, cell to cell interaction, genetic and induced teratogenesis, role of thyroxine in control of metamorphosis in amphibia, paedogenesis and neoteny, cell death, aging |
| Developmental genes in man, in-vitro fertilization; and embryo transfer; cloning |
| Stem cells: Sources, types, and their use in human welfare |
| Biogenetic law |
Candidates who wish to appear for the Civil Services exam must go through the UPSC exam pattern and syllabus for better preparation. This competition exam is quite tough so one has to prepare well in advance to develop good command and understanding of the fundamentals of all subjects asked in the IAS exam.
IAS Exam Preparation Tips
Some important tips for preparation of the IAS exam are:
1. Go through the IAS exam pattern and syllabus thoroughly
2. Check UPSC IAS syllabus and accordingly choose your optional subject
3. Make short notes for faster revision
4. Keep revising from time to time
5. Solve previous year UPSC exam question papers for a better understanding of the exam
6. Take IAS mock test to check your performance and preparation level
The IAS exam pattern is prescribed by the UPSC through the official notification. The CSE exam is conducted in three stages - prelims, mains and personality tests. The UPSC exam pattern for preliminary and mains exams is prescribed by the UPSC. The exam pattern is mentioned in the IAS exam notification.
IAS Prelims Exam Pattern
• The Preliminary examination of Civil Services consists of two papers – General Studies Paper I and II.
• Multiple choice questions are asked in the IAS exam.
• The General Studies Paper I carries a total of 100 questions while there are 80 questions in Paper II.
• Total marks of the preliminary exam is 400. Each paper will carry 200 marks.
• Negative marks in IAS exam for wrong answer is 0.33 in Paper 1 and .83 in Paper 2.
• The language of the question paper of the Civil Services preliminary exam will be Hindi and English.
• Each paper will be held for two hours.
IAS Exam Pattern for Mains
• The main exam of Civil Services consists of 9 conventional type papers.
• Two papers – A (Indian Language) and B (English) will be qualifying in nature.
• IAS Papers I to VII are compulsory papers in the IAS exam.
• The test carries a total of 1750 marks.
• There will be 26 optional subjects in the main examination as per Civil Services
• Each paper of Civil Services mains will be of 3 hours
• The main IAS exam assesses the overall intellectual traits of candidates.
• The questions of General Studies (Paper II to V) tests candidate’s general awareness about relevant issues.
• Questions of optional papers (Paper VI to VII) will be degree level.
• The standard of papers A and B will be of matriculation level.
The Union Public Service Commission will issue the IAS admit card in online mode on the last working day of the week before the exam. The hard copy of the IAS exam admit card is not sent to candidates by post, therefore, they are required to download the same online.
Steps to download IAS admit card 2024
The admit card of IAS exam carries details like name, roll number, photograph, signature, details of exam centre, date and time of the exam. After downloading the Civil Services admit card, candidates should check the details carefully. Along with the IAS exam admit card, candidates are required to carry photo-identity proof and two passport-size photographs to the examination centre. No candidates are allowed to appear for the exam without the admit card.
What documents to carry with the IAS Exam Admit Card?
IAS Exam Day Guidelines
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Agra |
| Aligarh | |
| Allahabad | |
| Bareilly | |
| Ghaziabad | |
| Gorakhpur | |
| Gautam Budh Nagar | |
| Lucknow | |
| Varanasi | |
| Rajasthan | Ajmer |
| Jaipur | |
| Jodhpur | |
| Udaipur | |
| Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
| Rajkot | |
| Mizoram | Aizawl |
| Andhra Pradesh | Anantapur |
| Tirupati | |
| Vijayawada | |
| Visakhapatnam | |
| Maharashtra | Aurangabad |
| Pune | |
| Thane | |
| Karnataka | Bangalore |
| Dharwad | |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal |
| Gwalior | |
| Indore | |
| Jabalpur | |
| Chhattisgarh | Bilaspur |
| Raipur | |
| Punjab | Chandigarh |
| Ludhiana | |
| Tamil Nadu | Chennai |
| Coimbatore | |
| Tiruchirapalli | |
| Madurai | |
| Vellore | |
| Odisha | Cuttack |
| Sambalpur | |
| Haryana | Gurgaon |
| Faridabad | |
| Telangana | Hyderabad |
| Warangal | |
| Manipur | Imphal |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Jammu |
| Srinagar | |
| Assam | Jorhat |
| Kerala | Kochi |
| Kozhikode | |
| Thiruvananthapuram | |
| Nagaland | Kohima |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| Siliguri | |
| Goa | Panaji |
| Bihar | Patna |
| Gaya | |
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Port Blair |
| Puducherry | Puducherry |
| Jharkhand | Ranchi |
| Meghalaya | Shillong |
| Himachal Pradesh | Shimla |
| Dharamshala | |
| Mandi | |
| Uttarakhand | Dehradun |
| Delhi | New Delhi |
| Sikkim | Gangtok |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
| Mizoram | Aizawl |
| Uttar Pradesh | Allahabad |
| Lucknow | |
| Karnataka | Bangalore |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal |
| Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
| Tamil Nadu | Chennai |
| Odisha | Cuttack |
| Uttarakhand | Dehradun |
| Delhi | New Delhi |
| Telangana | Hyderabad |
| Rajasthan | Jaipur |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Jammu |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| Maharashtra | Mumbai |
| Bihar | Patna |
| Chhattisgarh | Raipur |
| Jharkhand | Ranchi |
| Meghalaya | Shillong |
| Himachal Pradesh | Shimla |
| Kerala | Thiruvananthapuram |
| Andhra Pradesh | Vijayawada |
Union Public Service Commission will release the official answer key of IAS exam for the prelims after the IAS recruitment process concludes. The answer key is released for both the General Studies Paper 1 and 2. The CSE exam answer key is made available on the official website - upsc.gov.in for candidates to download. The IAS answer key is available online in PDF format for all sets of test booklets provided to candidates during IAS exam.
The IAS answer key released by the UPSC is final and it can not be challenged. The IAS exam prelims result is based on the IAS answer key. It helps the candidates to know how they preformed in the Civil Services exam and where they need to improve. Candidates can calculate their probable score based on the number of answers marked correctly and incorrectly with the help of the IAS exam prelims answer key.
Many eminent IAS/ Civil Services coaching institutes release the unofficial IAS answer key on the same day after the exam is over or a day or two after it along with the expected prelims IAS cutoff marks and IAS exam analysis.
The Union Public Service Commission will declare the IAS exam result for prelims online at upsc.gov.in. The Commission releases the Civil Services exam result in three phases – Preliminary, Main and Final. The CSE exam result for all three stages is declared in online mode in PDF format. The IAS exam result is announced in two ways - first with roll numbers and second with name of all the qualified candidates. Civil Services exam result is declared in the following order:
IAS Preliminary Examination result 2024
The IAS result for prelims will be announced at upsc.gov.in. The IAS exam prelims result will be released in PDF format in online mode with the name and roll number of selected applicants who are eligible to appear for the IAS exam.
IAS mains result 2024
The IAS exam result for mains is declared in 40 to 50 days from the date of conclusion of the Civil Services exam. The CSE exam result for mains is released online in PDF format with the names and roll numbers of selected candidates who are eligible to appear for the IAS personality test.
Final IAS result 2024
The final IAS exam result is based on the marks obtained by candidates in the IAS mains exam and the personality test. Those who clear the final IAS cutoff will be eligible to be inducted in different services under the Civil Services Exam.
Steps to check IAS result:
Visit the official website - upsc.gov.in
Search for the IAS exam result link and click on it
The UPSC result PDF file will appear on the screen, containing the roll numbers and names of selected candidates
Using Ctrl+F, to search for your roll number or name in the IAS result PDF file
Download and save the IAS exam result for future reference
The IAS exam cutoff refers to the minimum qualifying marks needed to be secured by candidates as per his/her category in different stages of the CSE exam to clear that stage. The IAS cutoff will be released by the Union Public Service Commission after the announcement of the final IAS exam result. The Commission decides cutoff scores for Preliminary, Mains and Final allotment based on different parameters. The CSE exam cutoff is released for all three stages.
IAS Prelims Cutoff 2024
The Civil Services cutoff of the preliminary exam is decided based on the General Studies Paper I. The GS Paper II is qualifying in nature and applicants have to secure 33% passing marks in the IAS exam.
IAS Mains Cutoff 2024
The cutoff of Civil Services mains is calculated based on the seven compulsory papers as two papers are qualifying in nature. Candidates will be required to secure 25% each in two qualifying papers to pass the IAS exam. However, there will be a sectional cut-off of 10% in the compulsory papers too. Based on the Civil Services cutoff of main exam, candidates will be selected for the Personality Test.
IAS Final Cutoff
The final cutoff of IAS exam will be determined based on mains exam and Personality Test. On the basis of final Civil Services cutoff, allotment of candidates will be done for various services.
Factors affecting IAS cut off
Number of candidates appearing for the IAS exam
The difficulty level of the IAS exam question paper
Number of IAS vacancies and more
Past years IAS exam cut off trends
Steps to check IAS cutoff 2024
Visit the official website - upsc.gov.in
Search for the IAS cutoff link and click on it
The Civil Services cutoff PDF file will be displayed on the screen
Check the category-wise IAS cut-off in the PDF
Download and save the IAS cutoff PDF for future reference
Previous Year's IAS exam cutoff
Categories | IAS cutoff prelims 2022 | UPSC IAS cut off mains 2022 | Final UPSC CSE cut off 2022 |
General | 88.22 | 748 | 960 |
SC | 74.08 | 699 | 893 |
ST | 69.35 | 706 | 900 |
OBC | 87.54 | 714 | 923 |
PwD 1 | 49.84 | 677 | 879 |
PwD 2 | 58.59 | 706 | 913 |
PwD 3 | 40.40 | 351 | 632 |
PwD 5 | 41.76 | 419 | 590 |
EWS | 82.83 | 715 | 926 |
The IAS exam selection procedure has three stages, which are as follows -
IAS Preliminary Exam – Civil Services preliminary examination is held for all candidates who have successfully registered for the IAS exam. The IAS prelims exam is conducted to screen candidates for the IAS mains exam. The marks obtained in the preliminary stage are not considered while preparing the final IAS merit list.
IAS Mains Exam – The mains of IAS exam is conducted for shortlisted candidates who have cleared the IAS prelims cutoff marks. Candidates 12 to 13 times the number of vacancies are selected for the IAS mains exam. There a total of 9 descriptive papers in the mains exam.
The papers on Indian Languages and English (Paper A and B) of Civil Services mains examination is qualifying in nature. The marks of these papers are also not counted for preparing the merit list. Marks obtained by candidates in all the other IAS mains papers are taken into consideration for making the final IAS exam merit list.
IAS Personality Test – In this stage, candidates twice the number of vacancies are called for the personal interview based on their performance in the mains exam. Marks obtained by candidates in the Main exam and Personality Test are together considered for preparation of All India Merit List for the IAS exam. Allocation of services will be done as per the candidate’s rank in the merit list and preferences of services and posts.
| Validity of Exam Result: | For 1 Year |
| Mode of Exam: | Offline |
| Contacts: | 01123385271 |
| +2 More | |
| Relevant Links: | Official Website Link Click Here |
| +2 More |
Answer:
The IAS notification was released on February 14, 2024.
Answer:
No, the exam centre of IAS exam cannot be changed after the release of admit card.
Answer:
Candidates can download using the registration number or roll number from the official website.
Answer:
Applicants can fill out the Civil Services application form from February 14, 2024 in online mode on the official website.
Answer:
As per the eligibility criteria, the minimum age limit to apply for Civil Service exam is 21 years.
Answer:
Yes, the IAS exam authority provided the facility to make corrections in the application form from March 7 to 13, 2024.
Answer:
The IAS prelims result will be declared online on the official website - upsc.gov.in.
Answer:
As part of the UPSC IAS salary, the basic pay of trainee IAS officers is Rs. 56,100.
Answer:
To apply for the IAS exam, applicants have to visit the official website - upsc.gov.in.
Dear aspirant !!
Hope you are doing good !
Yes it will be considered because Bachelor in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (BASLP) is a 4-year degree course . It is a multi-disciplinary profession with core subjects including speech pathology, language pathology, and audiology.
Hope it helps you ;
Thank you
Dear Aspirant !
Hope you are fine!
The main subjects for the UPSC Exam are Indian Politics, Indian Economy, International Relations, Science and Technology, Geography, History, Environment and Ecology, and related Current Affairs . There are 25 subjects and 23 literature optional that one can choose from in addition to this..
Thank you
Hello aspirant,
With the help of the IAS Answer Key 2024, applicants can estimate their potential score for the IAS preliminary exam, learn about the various IAS question types, gauge the exam's difficulty, and much more.
To get the answer key, you can visit our website by clicking on the link given below.
https://competition.careers360.com/articles/upsc-ias-answer-key
Thank you
Hope this information helps you.
Dear aspirant !!
Hope you are doing good !!
The syllabus of these papers includes subjects like Modern Indian History, World Geography, International Relations, Indian Economic development, Disaster Management and Ethics, Aptitude and Integrity . To know all the subjects in detail, you can check UPSC syllabus 2024 for CSE in the given link below ;-
Hope it helps you !
Thanking you
Hello aspirant,
Hope you are doing great.
As per your question, YES absolutely you can study for the IAS side by side along with your Btech course. There won't be any problem for the same. After completing your Btech course, then you can give your 1st attempt of UPSC exam.
Hope this helps!!
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