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Get UpdatesJK SET 2023 - The authorities released the JK SET scorecard on January 1, 2024. Candidates can check their JK SET scorecards on the official website at jujkset.in. JK SET 2023 was conducted on October 1, 2023. The Jammu & Kashmir SET Agency conducts the State Eligibility Test (JK SET exam) to determine the eligibility of candidates who applied for the post of Assistant Professor in Colleges and Universities of Jammu & Kashmir State under various subjects. JK SET 2023 exam consists of three papers, all conducted on a single day in two sessions. The Agency will conduct JK SET in 37 subjects (listed below).
JK SET 2023 - R eservation Quota
The percentage reservation quota for different categories is given below:
| Category | Percentage |
| General (GEN) | 67 |
| Scheduled Caste (SC) | 6 |
| Scheduled Tribe (ST)/Children of Gujjar & Bakerwals (CGB) | 8 |
| Residents of Backward Area (RBA) | 12 |
| Residents of Actual Line of Control (ALC) | 2 |
| Weak & Under Privileged Class/Social Caste (WUP) | 2 |
| Differently abled (PWD) – not less than 40% disability | 3 |
| Full Exam Name | Jammu & Kashmir State Eligibility Test |
| Short Exam Name | JK SET |
| Conducting Body | University Of Kashmir |
| Frequency of Conduct | Vacancy Based |
| Exam Level | State Level Exam |
| Languages | English |
| Mode of Application | Online |
| Application Fee (General) | 1100 Rs [Online] |
| Mode of Exam | Offline |
| Exam Duration | 5 Hours |
Past Dates and Events
01 Jan, 2024
Score Card | Mode: Online
29 Dec, 2023
Result | Mode: Online
29 Dec, 2023
Cut off | Mode: Online
09 Oct, 2023
Answer Key - Last date for submission of challenges | Mode: Online
07 Oct, 2023
Answer Key - Provisional | Mode: Online
22 Sep, 2023 - 01 Oct, 2023
Admit Card | Mode: Online
01 Oct, 2023
Exam | Mode: Offline
15 Jun, 2023 - 17 Jun, 2023
Application Correction | Mode: Online
05 May, 2023 - 11 Jun, 2023
Application | Mode: Online
10 Jun, 2023
Online fee payment last date | Mode: Online
28 Apr, 2023
Advertisement | Mode: Online
Candidates who have secured at least 55% marks (General Category) and 50% marks (Reserved categories) in Master’s Degree or equivalent examination from universities/institutions recognized by UGC in Sciences, Humanities (including languages) and Social Science are eligible to apply for the JK SET.
The Ph.D degree holders who have qualified Master’s level examination by 19th September, 1992 (irrespective of date of declaration of result) shall be eligible for a relaxation of 5% in aggregate marks (i.e. from 55% to 50%) for appearing in SET.
Candidates with post-graduate diploma/certificate course(s) or foreign degree/diploma should ascertain the equivalence of their course(s) with Master’s degree of recognized Indian universities from Association of Indian Universities (AIU), New Delhi.
There is no upper age limit for applying for eligibility for Assistant Professor.
Mode of Application : Online
Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card
The application form of JK SET was closed online on June 11, 2023 on the official website. Candidates needed to fill the application form, upload their latest passport size photograph and submit it online along with paying the examination fee. The examination fee of JK SET was Rs.1000 for general category candidates, Rs.800 for RBA/ALC, Rs.700 for WUP and Rs.600 for SC/ST/PWD/CGB. Fee could only be paid through online mode using Credit Card/Debit Card/Net Banking. Candidate were advised to take a printout and keep a copy for future reference.
It is important to note that those candidates who applied under any Reserved Category were required to submit the hard copy of JK SET application form along with self-attested photocopy of reserved category certificate at the SET office, University of Kashmir/ the Jammu Centre Coordinator’s office at University of Jammu. Candidate were also advised to bring the Original Reserved Category Certificate along with him/her for on-spot verification.
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General | Online | Transgender, Female, Male | ₹ 1100 | |
| OBC, General, SC, ST | PWD | Online | Female, Male | ₹ 880 |
| SC, ST | Online | Female, Male | ₹ 660 |
Teaching aptitude |
|---|
| Teaching: Concept, objectives, characteristics, and basic requirements; learner’s characteristics; factors affecting teaching related to; methods of teaching; teaching aid; evaluation system |
Research aptitude |
|---|
| Research: Meaning, characteristics and types; steps of research; methods of research; research ethics; paper, article, workshop, seminar, conference, and symposium; thesis writing: Its characteristics and format |
Reading comprehension |
|---|
| Passage |
Communication |
|---|
| Communication: Nature, characteristics, types, barriers, and effective classroom communication |
Reasoning (including mathematical) |
|---|
| Number series; letter series; codes; relationships; classification |
Logical reasoning |
|---|
| Understanding the structure of arguments; evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning; verbal analogies: Word analogy-applied analogy; verbal classification; reasoning logical diagrams: Simple diagrammatic relationship |
| Reasoning logical diagrams: Multi-diagrammatic relationship; Venn diagram; analytical reasoning |
Data interpretation |
|---|
| Sources, acquisition, and interpretation of data; quantitative and qualitative data; graphical representation and mapping of data |
Information and communication technology (ICT) |
|---|
| ICT: Meaning, advantages, disadvantages, and uses; general abbreviations and terminology; basics of internet and e-mailing |
People and environment |
|---|
| People and environment interaction; sources of pollution; pollutants and their impact on human life, exploitation of natural and energy resources; natural hazards and mitigation |
Higher education system: Governance, polity, and administration |
|---|
| Structure of the institutions for higher learning and research in India; formal and distance education; professional/ technical and general education; value education: Governance, polity, and administration; concept, institutions, and their interactions |
Rise of Islam |
|---|
| Pre-Islamic Arabia, Prophet Muhammad and his life at Makkah, his migration to Madinah, Prophet’s life at Madinah, formulation of social system at Madinah (early phase), basic teachings of Islamic faith, formation of Islamic state at Madinah |
| Socio-economic and political system of Islam, achievements of Prophet Muhammad |
Khilafat-e-Rashidah |
|---|
| Institution of Khilafat, Hazrat Abu Bakr: Life and achievements, Hazrat Umar: Life and the administration, expansion, and consolidation of Islamic state during the Caliphate of Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Usman: Life and political problems faced by him |
| Hazrat Ali: His life and internal conflicts, general assessment of Khilafat-e-Rashidah |
The Umayyads |
|---|
| Establishment of Umayyad dynasty, the policy of Arab nationalism adopted by the Umayyads, social conditions under the Umayyad rule, expansion and consolidation of the state system of education under the Umayyads |
| Development of Arabic language and literature, art and architecture under the Umayyads, decline of the Umayyad rule |
The Abbasids |
|---|
| Establishment of Abbasid rule, important Caliphs and achievements, socio-cultural and religious developments, development of education, progress in the fields of various sciences and literature, contribution of Abbasids to fine arts |
| Art and architecture under Abbasids, decline of Abbasid rule |
The Quran |
|---|
| The collection and compilation of Quran, ethical and philosophical teachings, socioeconomic and political teachings, the origin and development of Tafsir literature, important commentators: Mohammed Bin-Jarir al-Tabari, Razi, Zamakhshari |
| Important commentators: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Abul Ala Maududi, Abul Kalam Azad, Ashraf Ali Thanvi |
The Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence |
|---|
| Process of collection and compilation of Hadith, early collections of Hadith, transmission and scrutiny of Hadith, major collection of Hadith, genesis of Islamic Fiqh and its development, source of Islamic law, schools of Islamic law |
| Contemporary problem and Islamic Fiqh |
Dynasties of the east and the west |
|---|
| Idrisis and Aghlabids, Tulunids and Ikhshidies, Hamadanis and Tahirids, Samanis and Safavids, Anacharis and Pahlavis, Ghaznavids, Seljuks and Khwarizmi Shahids |
Medieval Arab states |
|---|
| Fatimids, Zangids, Nurids, Ayyubids, Mamluks |
Iran |
|---|
| Iranian society on the eve of Islam, emergence and spread of Islam in Iran, development of Islamic sciences, religious idea: Ithna Ashari, Ismailis, Usulis, Babis and Bahais, development of Persian literature, contribution of art and architecture |
| Revolution of 1979 |
Arabs in Spain |
|---|
| Conquest of Spain, Umayyad rule in Spain, socio-cultural development in Spain, intellectual, educational and literary development in Spain, art and architecture under Umayyads in Spain, Cordova and Granada, decline of Umayyad rule in Spain |
Ottoman empire |
|---|
| Establishment of Ottoman empire, rise of Ottomans, important Ottoman rulers, contribution of Ottoman to various sciences, contribution of Ottoman to art and architecture, decline of Ottoman empire |
Muslim contribution to various sciences |
|---|
| Medicine, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry, historiography, geography, rational sciences |
Muslim contribution to art and architecture |
|---|
| Painting, calligraphy, music, glass work, pottery, engraving, handicraft, salient features of Islamic architecture |
Important Islamic thinker |
|---|
| Mawardi, Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Khaldun, Shah Waliullah, Syed Qutub Shaheed, Hassan al-Banna, Allama Iqbal, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī, Muhammad Abduh |
History of Arabic language and literature |
|---|
Principle of literary criticism |
|---|
General knowledge |
|---|
Discrete structures |
|---|
| Sets, relations, functions |
| Pigeonhole principle, inclusion-exclusion principle, equivalence, and partial orderings, elementary counting techniques, probability |
| Measure (s) for information and mutual information |
| Computability: Models of computation-finite automata, pushdown automata, non-determinism and NFA, DPDA, AND PDAS and languages accepted by these structures. Grammars, languages, non-computability and examples of non-computable problems |
| Graph: Definition, walks, paths, trails, connected graphs, regular and bipartite graphs, cycles and circuits. Tree and rooted tree. Spanning trees. Eccentricity of a vertex radius and diameter of a graph. Central graphs. Centre (s) of a tree |
| Graph: Hamiltonian and Eulerian graphs, planar graphs |
| Groups: Finite fields and error correcting/ detecting codes |
Computer arithmetic |
|---|
| Propositional (Boolean) logic, predicate logic, well-formed-formulae (WFF), satisfiability and tautology |
| Logic families: TTL, ECL, and CMOS gates. Boolean algebra and minimization of Boolean functions, flip-flops-types, race condition, and comparison. Design of combinational and sequential circuits |
| Representation of integers: Octal, hex, decimal, and binary. 2's complement and 1's complement arithmetic. Floating point representation |
Programming in C and C++ |
|---|
| Programming in C: Elements of C-tokens, identifiers, data types in C. Control structures in C, Sequence, selection, and iteration (s). Structured data types in C-arrays, struct, union, string, and pointers |
| 0-0 programming concepts: Class, object, instantiation. Inheritance, polymorphism, and overloading |
| C++ programming: Elements of C++-tokens, identifiers. Variables and constants, data types, operators, control statements. Functions parameter passing. Class and objects. Constructors and destructors. Overloading, inheritance, templates, exception handling |
Relational database design and SQL |
|---|
| E-R diagrams and their transformation to relational design, normalization-INF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF. Limitations of 4NF and BCNF |
| SQL: Data definition language (DDL), data manipulation language (DML), data control language (DCL) commands. Database objects like-views, indexes, sequences, synonyms, data dictionary |
Data and file structures |
|---|
| Data, information, definition of data structure |
| Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, graphs, priority queues, and heaps |
| File structures: Fields, records, and files. Sequential, direct, index-sequential, and relative files. Hashing, inverted lists and multi-lists. B trees and Bᶧ trees |
Computer networks |
|---|
| Network fundamentals: Local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), wide area networks (WAN), wireless networks, inter networks |
| Reference models: The OSI model, TCP/ IP model |
| Data communication: Channel capacity. Transmission media-twisted pair, coaxial cables, fiber-optic cables, wireless transmission-radio, microwave, infrared, and millimeter waves. Light wave transmission. Telephones-local loop, trunks, multiplexing |
| Data communication: Telephones-switching, narrowband ISDN, broadband ISDN, ATM, high speed LANS. Cellular radio. Communication satellites-geosynchronous and low-orbit |
| Internetworking: Switch/ hub, bridge, router, gateways, concatenated virtual circuits, tunnelling, fragmentation, firewalls |
| Routing: Virtual circuits and datagrams. Routing algorithms. Congestion control |
| Network security: Cryptography-public key, secret key. Domain name system (DNS)-electronic mail and worldwide web (WWW). The DNS, resource records, name servers. E-mail-architecture and serves |
System software and compilers |
|---|
| Assembly language fundamentals (8085 based assembly language programming) |
| Assemblers-2-pass and single-pass |
| Macros and macro processors |
| Loading, linking, relocation, program relocatability |
| Linkage editing |
| Text editors |
| Programming environments |
| Debuggers and program generators |
| Compilation and interpretation |
| Bootstrap compilers |
| Phases of compilation process |
| Lexical analysis |
| Lex package on unix system |
| Context free grammars |
| Parsing and parse trees |
| Representation of parse (derivation) trees as rightmost and leftmost derivations |
| Bottom up parsers-shift-reduce, operator precedence, and LR |
| Yacc package on unix system |
| Top down parsers-left recursion and its removal |
| Recursive descent parser |
| Predictive parser, intermediate codes-quadruples, triples, intermediate code generation, code generation, code optimization |
Operating systems (with case study of unix) |
|---|
| Main functions of operating systems |
| Multiprogramming, multiprocessing, and multitasking |
| Memory management: Virtual memory, paging, fragmentation |
| Concurrent processing: Mutual exclusion. Critical regions, lock, and unlock |
| Scheduling: CPU scheduling, I/O scheduling, resource scheduling, deadlock and scheduling algorithms. Banker's algorithm for deadlock handling |
| UNIX: The Unix system-file system, process management, Bourne shell, shell variables, command line programming. Filters and commands: Pr, head, tail, cut, paste, sort, uniq, tr, join, etc, grep, egrep, fgrep, etc, sed, awk, etc |
| UNIX: System calls (like): Create, open, close, read, write, iseek, link, unlink, stat, fstat, umask, chmod, exec, fork, wait, system |
Software engineering |
|---|
| System development life cycle (SDLO): Steps, waterfall model, prototypes, spiral model |
| Software metrics: Software project management |
| Software design: System design, detailed design, function oriented design, object oriented design, user interface design. Design level metrics |
| Coding and testing: Testing level metrics. Software quality and reliability. Clean room approach, software reengineering |
Current trends and technologies |
|---|
| The topics of current interest in computer science and computer applications shall be covered. The experts shall use their judgment from time to time to include the topics of popular interest |
| Which are expected to be known for an application development software professional, currently, they include: Parallel computing-Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) and Message Passing Interface (MPI) libraries and calls. Advanced architectures |
| Parallel computing: Today's fastest computers |
| Mobile computing: Mobile connectivity-cells, framework, wireless delivery technology, and switching methods, mobile information access devices, mobile data internetworking standards, cellular data communication protocols, mobile computing applications |
| Mobile computing: Mobile databases-protocols, scope, tools, and technology. M-business |
| E-technologies: Electronic commerce-framework, media convergence of applications, consumer applications, organization applications. Electronic payment systems: Digital token, smart cards, credit cards, risks in electronic payment system |
| E-technologies: Electronic payment systems-designing electronic payment systems. Electronic data interchange (EDI): Concepts, applications, (legal, security and privacy) issues, EDI and electronic commerce, standardization and EDI |
| E-technologies: Electronic data interchange (EDI)-EDI software implementation, EDI envelope for message transport, internet-based EDI. Digital libraries and data warehousing: Concepts, types of digital documents, Issues behind document infrastructure |
| E-technologies: Digital libraries and data warehousing-corporate data warehouses, Software agents: Characteristics and properties of agents, technology behind software agents (applets, browsers and software agents). Broadband telecommunications: Concepts |
| E-technologies: Broadband telecommunications-frame relay, cell relay, switched multimegabit data service, asynchronous transfer mode. Main concepts in geographical information system (GIS), e-cash, e-business, ERP packages |
| E-technologies: Data warehousing-data warehouse environment, architecture of a data warehouse methodology, analysis, design, construction, and administration. Data mining: Extracting models and patterns from large databases, data mining techniques |
| E-technologies: Data mining-classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modelling, link analysis, sequencing analysis, mining scientific, and business data |
| Windows programming: Introduction to windows programming-Win32, Microsoft foundation classes (MFC), documents, and views, resources, message handling in windows |
| Simple applications (in windows): Scrolling, splitting views, docking toolbars, status bars, common dialogs |
| Advanced windows programming: Multiple document interface (MDI), multithreading. Object linking and embedding (OLE). Activex controls. Active template library (ATL). Network programming |
Microeconomic analysis |
|---|
| Demand analysis-Marshallian, Hicksian, and revealed preference approaches, theory of production and costs, pricing and output under different forms of market structure, factor pricing analysis, elements of general equilibrium and new welfare economics |
Macroeconomic analysis |
|---|
| Determination of output and employment-classical approach, Keynesian approach, consumption hypotheses, demand for money-Fisher and Cambridge versions, approaches of Keynesian, Friedman, Patinkin, Baumol, and Tobin |
| Supply of money, determinants of money supply, high-powered money, money multiplier, Phillips curve analysis, business cycles-models of Samuelson, Hicks, and Kaldor |
| Macroeconomic equilibrium-relative roles of monetary and fiscal policies |
Development and planning |
|---|
| Economic growth, economic development and sustainable development-importance of institutions-government and markets-perpetuation of underdevelopment-vicious circle of poverty, circular causation, structural view of underdevelopment |
| Measurement of development conventional, HDI and quality of life indices, theories of development-classical, Marx, and Schumpeter; economic growth-Harrod-Domar model, instability of equilibrium, neoclassical growth-Solow’s model, steady state growth |
| Approaches to development: Balanced growth, critical minimum effort, Big push, unlimited supply of labour, unbalanced growth, low income equilibrium trap, indicators and measurement of poverty |
| Importance of agriculture and industry in economic development-choice of techniques and appropriate technology, investment criteria, elementary idea of cost-benefit analysis, trade and aid-international trade as ‘engine of growth’ |
| Trade and aid-globalization and LDC’s, objectives and role of monetary and fiscal policies in economic development, techniques of planning; plan models in India; planning in a market-oriented economy |
Public finance |
|---|
| Role of the government in economic activity-allocation, distribution, and stabilization functions; private, public, and merit goods, the public budgets-kinds of budgets, zero-base budgeting, different concepts of budget deficits |
| The public budgets-budgets of the union government of India, public expenditure-hypotheses; effects and evaluation, public revenue-different approaches to the division of tax burden, incidence and effects of taxation; elasticity and buoyancy |
| Public revenue-taxable capacity, public debt-sources, effects, burden and its management, fiscal federalism-theory and problems; problems of centre-state financial relations in India, fiscal policy-neutral and compensatory and functional finance |
| Fiscal policy-balanced budget multiplier |
International economics |
|---|
| Theories of international trade: Empirical verification and relevance, international trade under imperfect competition, terms of trade and economic growth-secular, deterioration of terms of trade hypothesis-a critical review |
| Equilibrium/ disequilibrium in balance of payment-traditional, absorption and monetary approaches for adjustment in the balance of payments, foreign trade multiplier, impact of tariffs, partial, and general equilibrium analysis |
| Equilibrium/ disequilibrium in balance of payment-political economy of non-tariff barriers, theory of regionalism at global level-collapse of Bretton-wood system, recent monetary reforms, trade policy and reforms in India |
Indian economy |
|---|
| Basic economic indicators-national income, performance of different sectors, trends in prices and money supply, agriculture-institutional and technological aspects, new agriculture policy, industry-new industrial policy and liberalization |
| Money and banking-concepts of money supply, inflation, monetary policy and financial sector, reforms, public finance-trends in revenue and expenditures of the central and state government, public debt; analysis of the union budget |
| Foreign trade-trends, balance of payments and trade reforms, poverty, unemployment, migration, and environment |
Statistical methods |
|---|
| Measures of central tendency, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis, elementary theory of probability-binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions, simple correlation and regression analysis, statistical inferences-applications |
| Statistical inferences-sampling distributions (t, x², and f tests), sampling of attributes, testing of hypothesis, index numbers and time series analysis, sampling and census methods, types of sampling and errors |
Philosophical foundation of education |
|---|
| Relationship of education and philosophy: Western schools of philosophy-idealism, realism, naturalism, pragmatism, existentialism, Marxism with special reference to the concepts of knowledge, reality and values their educational implications for aims |
| Relationship of education and philosophy: Western schools of philosophy-contents and methods of education. Indian schools of philosophy: (Sankhya, Vedanta, Buddhism, Jainism, Islamic traditions) with special reference to the concept of knowledge |
| Relationship of education and philosophy: Indian schools of philosophy-with special reference to the concept of reality and values and their educational implications, contributions of Vivekananda, Tagore, Gandhi, and Aurobindo to educational thinking |
| Relationship of education and philosophy: Indian schools of philosophy-national values as enshrined in the Indian constitution, and their educational implications, modern concept of philosophy: Analysis-logical analysis |
| Relationship of education and philosophy: Modern concept of philosophy-logical empiricism, and positive relativism-(Morris L. Bigge) |
Sociological foundations of education |
|---|
| Relationship of sociology and education, meaning and nature of educational sociology and sociology of education, education-as a social sub-system, specific characteristics, education and the home |
| Education and the community with special reference to Indian society, education and modernization, education and politics, education and religion, education and culture, education and democracy, socialization of the child |
| Meaning and nature of social change, education as related to social stratification and social mobility, education as related to social equity and equality of educational opportunities |
| Constraints on social change in India (caste, ethnicity, class, language, religion, regionalism), education of the socially and economically disadvantaged sections of the society with special reference to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes |
| Women and rural population |
Psychological foundations of education |
|---|
| Relationship of education and psychology, process of growth and development-physical, social, emotional, and intellectual, development of concept formation, logical reasoning, problem solving and creative thinking; language development |
| Process of growth and development-individual differences-determinants; role of heredity and environment; implications of individual differences for organizing educational programmes, intelligence-its theories and measurement |
| Learning and motivation: Theories of learning-Thorndike is connectionism; Pavlov's classical and Skinner's operant conditioning; learning by insight; Hull's reinforcement theory and Tolman's theory of learning |
| Learning and motivation: Lewin's-field theory-Gagne's hierarchy of learning, factors influencing learning, learning and motivation, transfer of learning and its theories, psychology and education of exceptional children-creative, gifted, backward |
| Psychology and education of exceptional children-learning disabled, and mentally retarded, personality-type and trait theories, measurement of personality, mental health and hygiene-process of adjustment, conflicts and defence mechanism |
| Mental health and hygiene-mental hygiene and mental health |
| Sex education guidance |
Methodology of educational research |
|---|
| Nature and scope of educational research: Meaning and nature, need and purpose, scientific inquiry and theory development-some emerging trends in research fundamental-applied and action research |
| Formulation of research problem: Criteria and sources for identifying the problem, delineating and operationalizing variables, developing assumptions and hypothesis in various types of research |
| Collection of data: Concept of population and sample, various methods of sampling, characteristics of a good sample |
| Tools and techniques: Characteristics of a good research tool, types of research tools and techniques and their uses, questionnaire-interviews-observations, tests and scales, projective, and sociometric techniques |
| Major approaches to research: Descriptive research, ex-post facto research, laboratory experiment, field experiment, field studies, historical research |
| Analysis of data: Descriptive and inferential statistics. The null hypothesis. Test of significance, types of error, one-tailed, and two-tailed tests, the t-test, the F-test (one-way and ANOVA), non-parametric tests (chi-square test) |
| Analysis of data: Biserial, point-biserial, tetrachoric and phi-coefficient of correlation, partial and multiple correlations |
Chaucer to Shakespeare |
|---|
Jacobean to restoration periods |
|---|
Augustan age: 18th century literature |
|---|
Romantic period |
|---|
Victorian period |
|---|
Modern period |
|---|
Contemporary period |
|---|
American and other non-British literatures |
|---|
Literary theory and criticism |
|---|
Rhetoric and prosody |
|---|
Geomorphology |
|---|
| Fundamental concepts; endogenetic and exogenetic forces; denudation and weathering; geosynclines, continental drift and plate tectonics; concept of geomorphic cycle; landforms associated with fluvial, glacial, arid, coastal, and karst cycles |
Climatology |
|---|
| Composition and structure of the atmosphere; heat budget of the earth; distribution of temperature; atmospheric pressure and general circulation of winds; monsoon and jet stream; tropical and temperate cyclones; classification of world climates |
| Koppen’s and thornthwaite’s schemes |
Oceanography |
|---|
| Ocean deposits; coral reefs; temperature and sanity of the oceans; density of seawater; tides and ocean currents |
| Biogeography: World distribution of plants and animals; forms and functions of ecosystem; conservation and management of ecosystems; problems of pollution |
Geographic thought |
|---|
| General character of geographic knowledge during the ancient and medieval period; foundations of modern geography, determinism and possibilism; areal differentiation and spatial organization |
Population geography |
|---|
| Patterns of world distribution; growth and density of population; patterns and processes of migration; demographic transition |
| Settlement geography: Site, situation, types, size, spacing, and internal morphology of rural and urban settlements; city-region; primate city; Rank-size rule; settlement hierarchy; Christaller’s central place theory |
| Settlement geography: August Lösch's theory of market centres |
Economic geography |
|---|
| Sectors of economy: Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary; natural resources; renewable and non-renewable |
| Measurement of agricultural productivity and efficiency; crop combination and diversification; Von Thunen’s model |
| Classification of industries: Weber’s and Losch’s approaches; resource based and footloose industries |
| Models of transportation and transport cost: Accessibility and connectivity |
Political geography |
|---|
| Heartland and Rimland theories; boundaries and frontiers; nature of administrative areas and geography of public policy and finance |
| Social geography: Ethnicity; tribe; dialect; language, caste and religion; concept of social well-being |
| Cultural geography: Culture-areas and cultural regions; human races; habitat; economy and society of tribal groups |
Regional planning |
|---|
| Regional concept in geography; concept of planning regions; types of regions; methods of regional delineation; regional planning in India; indicators of development; regional imbalances; evolution |
| Nature and scope of town planning with special reference to India, and fundamentals of town and country planning |
Geography of India |
|---|
| Physiographic divisions; climate: Its regional variations; vegetation types and vegetation regions; major soil types; irrigation and agriculture; population distribution and growth; settlement patterns; mineral and power resources |
| Major industries and industrial regions |
Cartography |
|---|
| Types of maps: Techniques for the study of spatial patterns of distribution; choropleth; isopleth and chorochromatic maps and pie diagrams; mapping of location-specific data; accessibility and flow maps |
| Remote sensing and computer application in mapping; digital mapping; Geographic Information System (GIS) |
| Statistical methods: Data sources and types of data; frequency distribution and cumulative frequency; measures of central tendency; selection of class intervals for mapping; measures of dispersion and concentration; standard deviation; Lorenz curve |
| Methods of measuring association among different attributes; simple and multiple correlation; regression |
| Nearest-neighbour analysis; scaling techniques; rank score; weighted score; sampling techniques for geographical analysis |
Concepts, ideas, and terms |
|---|
| Bhartvarsha, Kara/ Vishti, Sabha And Samiti, Stridhana, Varnasrama, memorial stones, Purusharthas, Agraharas, Rina, Khilafat, Samskaras, Sulah-I-Kul, Yajna, Maharashtra-Dharma, doctrine of karma, Turkan-I-Chahlghani, Dandaniti/ Arthasastra, Watan |
| Saptanga, Baluta, Dharmavijaya, Iqta, Stupa/ Chaitya, Jizyah, Nagara/ Dravida/ Vesara, Madad-I-Maash, Bodhisattva/ Tirthankara, Amaram, Alvars/ Nayanars, Raya-Rekho, Sreni, Jangama, Chauth, Dyarchy, Hundi (Bills Of Exchange), federalism, Sarraf |
| Utilitarianism, polygars, filtration theory, Jagir, forward policy, Dastur, doctrine of lapse, Mansab (rank), Satyagraha, Deshmukh, Swadeshi, Nadu, revivalism, Pargana, communalism, Bengal Vaishnavism, orientalism, Alt Magha, de-industrialisation |
| Shahna-i-mandi, subsidiary alliance, mercantilism, evangelicalism, economic nationalism, Bhudan, Indian renaissance, Panchsheel, economic drain, mixed economy, colonialism, Indian left, paramountcy, Hindu code bill |
Ancient Indian history |
|---|
| Sources: Archaeological sources, exploration, excavation, epigraphy, numismatics, monuments, literary sources, indigenous: Primary and secondary-problems of dating, myths, legends, poetry, scientific literature, literature in regional languages |
| Sources: Indigenous-religious literature. Foreign accounts: Greek, Chinese, and Arab writers |
| Pre-history and proto-history: Man and environment-geographical factors. Hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic); beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic). Indus valley civilization-origin, date, extent, characteristics, decline |
| Pre-history and proto-history: Indus valley civilization-survival and significance. Iron age: Second urbanization |
| Vedic period: Migrations and settlements: Dating the Vedic, literary and archaeological evidences, evolution of social and political institutions; religious and philosophical ideas, rituals, and practices |
| Period of Mahajanapadas: Formation of states (Mahajanapadas); republics and monarchies; rise of urban centres; trade routes; economic growth; introduction of coinage; spread of Jainism and Buddhism; rise of Magadha and Nandas |
| Period of Mahajanapadas: Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact |
| Mauryan empire: Foundation of the Mauryan empire, Chandragupta, Kautilya, and Arthashastra; Ashoka; concept of Dharma; edicts; Brahmi, and Kharosthi scripts. Administration; economy; architecture and sculpture; external contacts |
| Mauryan empire: Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas |
| Post-mauryan period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushans, western Kshatrapas): Contact with outside world; growth of urban centres, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art and architecture, literature, and science |
| Early state and society-in eastern India, Deccan, and South India: Kharavela, the Satavahanas, Tamil states of the Sangam age, administration; economy, land grants; coinage, trade guilds and urban centres, Buddhist centres, Sangam literature and culture |
| Early state and society-in eastern India, Deccan, and South India: Art and architecture |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Guptas and Vakatakas, Harsha, administration, economic conditions, coinage of the Guptas, land grants, decline of urban centres, Indian feudalism, caste system, position of women |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Education and educational institutions-Nalanda, Vikramshila and Vallabhi, contact with neighbouring countries-central Asia, south-east Asia, and China, sanskrit literature, scientific literature |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Contact with neighbouring countries-art and architecture. The Kadambas, Gangas, Pallavas, and Chalukyas of Badami-administration, trade guilds, Sanskrit literature and growth of regional languages and scripts |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions, Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya-Vedanta; institutions of temple and temple architecture. Varmanas of Kamrup; Palas and Senas, Rashtrakutas, Pratiharas |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Kalachuri-Chedis; Paramaras; Chalukyas of Gujarat; Arab contacts-Ghaznavi conquest, Alberuni. The Chalukyas of kalyana, Cholas, Cheras, Hoysalas, Pandyas-administration and local government |
| Imperial Guptas and regional states of India: Growth of art and architecture, religious sects, institution of temple and Mathas, Agraharas, education and literature, economy and society, contact with Sri Lanka and south-East Asia |
Medieval Indian history |
|---|
| Sources: Archaeological, epigraphic, and numismatic materials and monuments. Chronicles. Literary sources-Persian, Sanskrit, and regional languages. Archival materials. Foreign travelers' accounts |
| Political developments: The Sultanate-the Ghorids, the Turks, the Khaljis, the Tughlaqs, the Sayyids and the Lodis, foundation of the Mughal empire-Babur, Humayun, and the Suris; expansion from Akbar to Aurangzeb. Decline of the Mughal empire-political |
| Political developments: Decline of the Mughal empire-administrative and economic causes. Later Mughals and disintegration of the Mughal empire. The Vijayanagara and the Bahmanis-rise, expansion and disintegration. The Maratha movement |
| Political developments: The foundation of Swaraj by Shivaji; its expansion under the Peshwas; Maratha confederacy-causes of decline |
| Administration: Administration under the Sultanate-civil, judicial, revenue, fiscal and military. Sher Shah’s administrative reforms; Mughal; administration-land revenue and other sources of income; Mansabdari and Jagirdari |
| Administration: Administrative system in the Deccan-the Vijayanagara, the Bahmanis and the Marathas |
| Economic aspects: Agricultural production-village economy; peasantry. Urban centres and population. Industries-cotton textiles, handicrafts, agro-based industries, organization, factories, technology. Trade and commerce-state policies |
| Economic aspects: Internal and external trade; European trade, trade centres and ports, transport and communication. Financing trade, commerce, and industries; Hundi (bills of exchange) and insurance. Currency |
| Socio-religious movements: The Sufis-their orders, beliefs, and practices, the leading Sufi saints. Bhakti cult-Shaivism and its branches; Vaishnavism and its branches |
| Socio-religious movements: The Saints of the medieval period-north and south-their impact on socio political and religious life. The Sikh movement-Guru Nanak Dev and his teachings and practices, Adi Granth; the Khalsa |
| Society: Classification-ruling class, major religious groups, the mercantile and professional classes. Rural society-petty chieftains, village officials, cultivators, and non-cultivating classes, artisans. Position of women |
| Cultural life: System of educational and its motivations. Literature-Persian, Sanskrit, and regional languages. Fine arts-major schools of painting; music. Architectural developments of north and south India; Indo-Islamic architecture |
Modern Indian history |
|---|
| Sources and historiography: Archival materials, biographies, and memories, newspapers. Oral evidence, creative literature and painting. Concerns in modern Indian historiography-imperialist, nationalist, Marxist, and Subaltern |
| Rise of British power: European traders in India in the 17th and 18th centuries-Portuguese, Dutch, French and the British. The establishment and expansion of British dominion in India |
| Rise of British power: British relations with and subjugation of the principal Indian powers-Bengal, Oudh, Hyderabad, Mysore, Marathas, and the Sikhs |
| Administration of the company and crown: Evolution of central and provincial structure under the East India Company, 1773-1853. Paramountcy, civil service, judiciary, police, and the army under the company and crown. Local self-government |
| Administration of the company and crown: Constitutional changes, 1909-1935 |
| Economic history: Changing composition, volume and direction of trade; ‘The Tribute’. Expansions and commercialization of agriculture, land rights, land settlements, rural indebtedness, landless labour |
| Economic history: Decline of industries-changing socioeconomic conditions of artisans; deurbanistion. British industrial policy; major modern industries; nature of factory legislation; labour and trade union movements. Monetary policy, banking |
| Economic history: Currency and exchange, railways and road transport. Growth of new urban centers; new features of town planning and architecture. Famines and epidemics and the government policy. Economic thought-English utilitarians |
| Economic history: Indian economic historians; the drain theory |
| Indian society in transition: Contact with Christianity-the missions; critique of Indian social and economic practices and religious beliefs; educational and other activities. The new education-government policy; levels and contents; English language |
| Indian society in transition: The new education-modern science; Indian initiatives in education. Raja Ram Mohan Roy; socio-religious reforms; emergence of middle class; caste associations and caste mobility. Women’s question-nationalist discourse |
| Indian society in transition: Women’s question-women’s organisations; British legislation concerning women; constitutional position. The printing press-journalistic activity and the public opinion |
| Indian society in transition: Modernisation of Indian languages and literary forms-reorientation in painting, music, and performing arts |
| National movement: Rise of Indian nationalism, social and economic bases of nationalism. Revolt of 1857 and different social classes. Tribal and peasant movements. Ideologies and programmes or the Indian national congress, 1885-1920 |
| National movement: Trends in Swadeshi movement, ideologies and programmes of Indian revolutionaries in India and abroad. Gandhian mass movements. Ideology and programme of the Justice party. Left wing politics. Movement of the depressed classes |
| National movement: Communal politics and genesis of Pakistan. Towards Independence and partition |
| India after Independence (1947-1964): Rehabilitation after partition. Integration of the Indian states; the Kashmir question. The making of the Indian constitution. The structure of bureaucracy and the policy. The demographic trends |
| India after Independence (1947-1964): Economic policies and the planning process. Linguistic reorganization of States. Foreign policy initiatives |
| World history: Concepts, ideas, and terms-pre-history, humanism, burial-practices, enlightened despotism, mother-Goddess, divine right, law codes, supremacy of Church, Athenian democracy, Holy Roman empire, imperial Rome, social contract and general will |
| World history: Concepts, ideas, and terms-slavery, nation states, aristocracy, Renaissance, Confucianism, reformation, manorial system, Darwinism, black death, Great Depression (1929), feudalism, feminism, non-alignment, parliamentary democracy, Nazism |
| World history: Concepts, ideas, and terms-commonwealth, imperialism, socialism, balance of power, Apartheid, rights of man, Cold War, postmodernism |
| Research in history: Scope and value of history, objectivity and bias in history, history and its auxiliary sciences, area of research-proposed, sources-primary/ secondary in the proposed area of research |
| Research in history: Modern historical writing in the researcher’s area of research |
Constitutional law of India |
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| Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy, judiciary, executive, union state legislative relations, emergency provisions, amendment of the constitutions writ jurisdiction |
Legal theory |
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| Nature and sources of law, positivism, natural law theory, sociological jurisprudence, theories of punishment, rights and duties, concepts of possession and ownership |
Public international law |
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| Nature of international law and its relationship with municipal law, sources of international law, recognition of states and governments, united nations, settlement of international disputes, human rights |
Family law |
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| Concepts in family law, sources of family law in India, marriage and dissolution of marriage |
Law of contracts-general principles |
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| Essentials of a valid contract, offer, acceptance, and consideration, capacity to contract-minor’s contract, elements vitiating contract-mistake, fraud, misrepresentation, public policy, coercion, undue influence, frustration of contract |
| Remedies for breach of contract damages |
Law of torts |
|---|
| Foundation of tortious liability, general defences to an action of torty, vicarious liability, remoteness of damages, contributory negligence, absolute and strict liability |
Law of crimes-general principles |
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| Nature and definition of offence, general exceptions, common intention and common object, criminal attempt, conspiracy, and abetment, offences against women |
Labour law |
|---|
| Concepts-industry, industrial dispute, and workman, trade unions-rights and immunities of registered trade union; registration and its advantages, methods for settlement of industrial disputes under industrial disputes act, 1947 |
| Strike and lockout as instruments of collective bargaining, retrenchment, lay-off and closures |
Classical Indian philosophy |
|---|
| Vedic and upanishadic world-views: Rta-the cosmic order, the divine and the human realms; the centrality of the institution of Yajna (sacrifice), the concept of rna-duty/ obligation; theories of creation |
| Atman-self (and not-self), Jagrat, Svapna, Susupti and Turiya, Brahaman, Sreyas, and Preyas |
| Karma, samsara, moksa |
| Carvaka: Pratyaksa as the only Pramana, critique of Anumana and Sabda, rejection of non-material entities and of Dharma and Moksha |
| Jainism: Concept of reality-sat, Dravya, Guna, Paryaya, Jiva, Ajiva, Anekantavada, Syadvada, and Nayavada; theory of knowledge; bondage and liberation |
| Buddhism: Four noble truths, Ashtanga Marga, Nirvana, Madhyama Pratipad, Pratityasamutpada, Ksanbhangavada, Anatmavada |
| Schools of Buddhism: Vaibhasika, Sautrantika, Yogacara, and Madhyamika |
| Nyaya: Prama and Aprama, Pramanya, and Apramanya; Pramana: Pratyaksa, Nirvikalpaka, Savikalpaka, Laukika and Alaukika; Anumana: Anvayavyatireka, Lingaparamarsa, Vyapti; classification: Vyaptigrahopayas, Hetvabhasa, Upamana; Sabda; Sakti, Laksana, Akanksa |
| Nyaya: Classification-Yogyata, Sannidhi and Tatparya, concept of God, arguments for the existence of God, Adrsta, Nihar Yeasa |
| Vaisesika: Concepts Of Padartha, Dravya, Guna, Karma, Samanya, Samavaya, Visesa, Abhava, Causation: Asatkaryavada, Samavayi, Asamavayi Nimitta Karana, Paramanuvada, Adrsta, Nihsryeas |
| Samkhya: Satkaryavada, Prakrti and its evolutes, arguments for the existence of Prakriti, nature of Purusa, arguments for the existence and plurality of Purusa relationship between Purusha and Prakriti, Kaivalya, atheism |
| Yoga: Patanjali’s concept of citta and citta-vrtti, eight-fold path of yoga, the role of God in yoga |
| Purva-Mimamsa: Sruti and its importance, atheism of Purva Mimamsa, classification of Shruti Vakyas, Vidhi, Nisha And Arthavada, Dharma, Bhavana, Sabdanityavada, Jatisaktivada, Kumarila and Prabhakara schools of Mimamsa and their major points of difference |
| Purva-mimamsa: Tirupati-samvit, Jnatata, Abhava and Anupalabdhi, Anvitabhidhanavada, Abihitanvayavada, Vedanta |
| Advaita-rejection of difference: Adhyasa, Maya, three grades of Satta, Jiva, Jivanmukti, Vivartavada |
| Visistadvaita: Saguna brahman, refutation of Maya, Amrtasiddhi, Parinamavada, Jiva, Bhakti, and Prapatti |
| Dvaita-rejection of Nirguna Brahman and Maya, Bheda and Saksi, Bhakti |
Modern Indian thinkers |
|---|
| Vivekananda-practical Vedanta, universal religion, Aurobindo-evolution, mind, and supermind, integral yoga, Iqbal-self, God, man, and superman, Tagore-religion of man, ideas on education, K. C. Bhattacharyya-concept of philosophy, subject as freedom |
| K. C. Bhattacharyya-the doctrine of Maya |
| Radhakrishnan-intellect and intuition, the idealist view of life, J. Krishnamurti-freedom from the known, analysis of self, Gandhi-non-violence, satyagraha, swaraj, critique of modern civilization, Ambedkar-varna and the caste system, neo-Buddhism |
Classical western philosophy |
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| Early Greek philosophers, Plato, and Aristotle, Ionians, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus, and Democritus, the sophists and socrates, Plato-theory of knowledge (episteme) and opinion (doxa), theory of Ideas, the method of dialectic, soul, and God |
| Aristotle-classification of the sciences, the theoretical, the practical and the productive (theoria, praxis, techne), logic as an organon, critique of Plato’s theory of ideas, theory of causation, form and matter, potentially and actually, soul and God |
| Medieval philosophy, St. Augustine-problem of evil, St. Anselm-ontological argument, St. Thomas Aquinas-faith and reason, essence and existence, the existence of God |
Modern western philosophy |
|---|
| Rationalism: Descartes-conception of method and the need for method in philosophy, clarity and distinctness as the criterion of truth, doubt and methodological scepticism, the cogito-intuition or inference? innate ideas |
| Rationalism: Descartes-the ‘real’ distinction between mind and matter, role of God, proofs for the existence of God, mind-body interactionism, spinoza: Substance, attributes and mode, the concept of ‘God or nature’, the mind body problem |
| Rationalism: Spinoza-pantheism, three orders of knowing, leibniz: Monadology, truths of reason and truths of fact, innateness of all ideas, proofs for the existence of God, principles of non-contradiction, sufficient reason and identity of indiscernibles |
| Rationalism: Leibniz-the doctrine of pre-established harmony, problem of freedom and philosophy |
| Empiricism: Locke-ideas and their classification, refutation of innate ideas, theory of knowledge, three grades of knowledge, theory of substances, distinction between primary and secondary qualities |
| Empiricism: Berkeley-rejection of the distinction between primary and secondary qualities, immaterialism, critique of abstract ideas, esse est percipi, the problem of solipsism; God and self, Hume: Impressions and ideas |
| Empiricism: Hume-knowledge concerning relations of ideas and knowledge concerning matters of fact, induction and causality, the external world and the self, personal identity, rejection of metaphysics, scepticism, reason and the passions |
| Critical philosophy and after: Kant-the critical philosophy, classification of judgements, possibility of synthetic a priori judgement, the Copernican revolution, forms of sensibility, categories of understanding |
| Critical philosophy and after: Kant-the metaphysical and the transcendental deduction off the categories, phenomenon and noumenon, the ideas of reason-soul, God and world as a whole, freedom and immortality, rejection of speculative metaphysics |
| Critical philosophy and after: Hegel-the conception of Geist (spirit), the dialectical method, concepts of being, non being and becoming, absolute idealism, Nietzsche: Critique of western culture, will to power, Moore: Refutation of idealism |
| Critical philosophy and after: Moore-defence of common sense, philosophy and analysis, Russell: Refutation of idealism, logic as the essence of philosophy, logical atomism, Wittgenstein: Language and reality, facts and objects, names and propositions |
| Critical philosophy and after: Wittgenstein-the picture theory, philosophy and language, meaning and use, forms of life, Husserl: The Husserlian method, intentionality, Heidegger: Being and nothingness, man as being-in-the-world |
| Critical philosophy and after: Heidegger-critique of technological civilization, logical positivism: The verifiability theory of meaning, the verification principle, rejection of metaphysics, unity of science |
| Critical philosophy and after: C. S. Peirce and William James-pragmatic theories of meaning and truth, G. Ryle: Systematically misleading expressions, category mistake, concept of mind, critique of Cartesian dualism |
Political theory and thought |
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| Ancient Indian political thought: Kautilya and Shanti Parva |
| Greek political thought: Plato and Aristotle |
| European thought-I: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau |
| European thought-II: Bentham, J. S. Mill, Hegel, Marx, and Green |
| Contemporary political thought-I: Lenin, Mao, Gramsci |
| Contemporary political thought-II : Rawls, Nozic, and communitarians |
| Modern Indian thought: Gandhi, M. N. Roy, Aurobindo Ghosh, Joy Prakash Ambedkar, Savarkar |
| Concepts and issue-I: Medieval political thought: Church state relationship and theory of two swords |
| Concepts and issue-II: Behaviouralism and post-behaviouralism, decline, and resurgence of political theory |
| Democracy, liberty, and equality |
Comparative politics and political analysis |
|---|
| Evolution of comparative politics as a discipline; nature and scope |
| Approaches to the study of comparative politics: Traditional, structural-functional, systems, and Marxist |
| Constitutionalism: Concepts, problems, and limitations |
| Forms of government: Unitary-federal, parliamentary-presidential |
| Organs of government: Executive, legislature, judiciary their interrelationship in comparative perspective |
| Party systems and pressure groups; electoral systems |
| Bureaucracy-types and roles |
| Political development and political modernization |
| Political culture, political socialization, and political communication |
| Political elite; elitist theory of democracy |
| Power, authority and legitimacy |
| Revolution: Theories and types |
| Dependency: Development and under development |
Indian government and politics |
|---|
| National movement, constitutional developments and the making of Indian constitution |
| Ideological bases of the Indian constitution, preamble, fundamental rights and duties, and directive principles |
| Constitution as instrument of socioeconomic change, constitutional amendments and review |
| Structure and process-I: President, prime minister, council of ministers, working of the parliamentary system |
| Structure and process-II: Governor, chief minister, council of ministers, state legislature |
| Panchayati Raj institutions: Rural and urban, their working |
| Federalism: Theory and practice in India; demands of autonomy and separatist movements, emerging trends in centre-state relations |
| Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Courts, judicial review, judicial activism including public interest litigation cases, judicial reforms |
| Political parties, pressure groups, public opinion, media; subaltern and peasant movements |
| Elections, electoral behaviour, election commission, and electoral reforms |
Public administration |
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| Development of public administration as a discipline; approaches to the study of public administration: Decision-making, ecological and systems; development administration |
| Theories of organization |
| Principles of organization: Line and staff, unity of command, hierarchy, span of control, centralization and decentralization, types of organization-formal and informal; forms of organization; department, public corporation and board |
| Chief executive: Types, functions, and roles |
| Personnel administration: Recruitment, training, promotion, discipline, morale; employee-employer relations |
| Bureaucracy: Theories, types, and roles; Max Weber and his critics |
| Civil servant-minister relationships |
| Leadership, its role in decision-making; communication |
| Financial administration; budget, audit, control over finance with special reference to India and UK |
| Good governance; problems of administrative corruption; transparency and accountability; right to information |
| Grievance redressal institutions: Ombudsman, Lokpal, and Lokayukta |
International relations |
|---|
| Contending theories and approaches to the study of international relations; idealist, realist, systems, game, communication and decision-making |
| Power, interest, and ideology in international relations; elements of power: Acquisition, use and limitations of power, perception, formulation and promotion of national interest, meaning, role and relevance of ideology in international relations |
| Arms and wars: Nature, causes and types of wars/ conflicts including ethnic disputes; conventional, nuclear/ biochemical wars; deterrence, arms race, arms control, and disarmament |
| Peaceful settlement of disputes, conflict resolution, diplomacy, world-order and peace studies |
| Cold war, alliances, non-alignment, end of cold war, globalisation |
| Rights and duties of states in international law, intervention, treaty law, prevention, and abolition of war |
| Political economy of international relations; new international economic order, north-south dialogue, south-south cooperation, WTO, Neocolonialism and dependency |
| Regional and sub-regional organizations especially SAARC, ASEAN, OPEC, OAS |
| United nations: Aims, objectives, structure, and evaluation of the working of UN; peace and development perspectives; charter revision; power-struggle and diplomacy with UN, financing and peace-keeping operations |
| India’s role in international affairs: India’s relations with its neighbours, wars, security concerns, and pacts, mediatory role, distinguishing features of Indian foreign policy and diplomacy |
Perceptual processes |
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| Approaches to the study of perception: Gestalt and physiological approaches, perceptual organization: Gestalt, figure, and ground, laws of organization, perceptual constancy: Size, shape, and brightness, illusion; perception of depth and movements |
| Role of motivation and learning in perception |
Learning process |
|---|
| Classical conditioning: Procedure, phenomena and related issues, instrumental learning: Phenomena, paradigms and theoretical issues, reinforcement: Basic variables and schedules, verbal learning: Methods and materials, organizational processes |
Memory and forgetting |
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| Memory processes: Encoding, storage, retrieval, stages of memory: Sensory memory, Short-Term Memory (STM) and Long-Term Memory (LIM), episodic and semantic memory, theories of forgetting: Interference, decay, retrieval |
Thinking and problem solving |
|---|
| Theories of thought processes: Associationism, Gestalt, information processing, concept formation: Rules and strategies, reasoning: Deductive and inductive, problem-solving: Type and strategies, role of concepts in thinking |
Motivation and emotion |
|---|
| Basic motivational concepts: Instincts, needs, drives, incentives, motivational cycle, approaches to the study of motivation: Psychoanalytical, ethological, S-R cognitive, humanistic, biological motives: Hunger, thirst, sleep, and sex |
| Social motives: Achievement, affiliation, approval, exploratory behaviour and curiosity, physiological correlates of emotions, theories of emotions: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Schachter and singer, conflicts: Sources and types |
Human abilities |
|---|
| Intelligence: Biological, social, eco-cultural determinants, theories of intelligence: Spearman, Thurston, Guilford, individual and group differences: Extent and causes, measurement of human abilities |
Personality |
|---|
| Determinants of personality: Biological and socio-cultural, approaches to the study of personality: Psychoanalytic, Neo-Freudian, social leaming, trait and type, cognitive, personality assessment: Psychometric and projective tests |
| Self-concept: Origin and development |
Research methodology |
|---|
| Research problems, hypothesis, variables and their operationalization, types of psychological research, Methods of psychological research: Experimental, quasi-experimental, case studies, field studies, and cross-cultural studies |
| Methods of data collection: Observation, interview, questionnaire, tests and scales |
| Non-parametric tests |
Measurement and testing |
|---|
| Test construction: Item writing, item analysis, test standardization: Reliability, validity, and norms, types of tests: Intelligence aptitude, personality-characteristics and important examples, altitude scales and interest inventories |
| Educational measurement and evaluation |
Biological basis of behavior |
|---|
| Receptors, effectors, and adjuster mechanisms, neural impulse: Origin, conduction, and measurement, sensory system: Vision and audition, human nervous system: Structure and functions |
Vedic literature |
|---|
| Deities-Agni; Savitr; Vishnu; Indra; Rudra; Brhaspati; Asvina Varuna; Usas; Soma, subject matter of: Samhitas; Brahmanas and Aranyakas; Upanishads, dialogue hymns-Pururava-Urvasi; Yama-Yami; Sarma-Pani; Vishwamitra-Nadi |
| History of Vedic literature: Main theories regarding the age of the Rig Veda-Max Muller; A. Weber; Jacobi; Bal Gangadhar Tilak; M. Winternitz; Indian traditional views, arrangement of the Rig Veda, recensions of the Saritas, Vedangas: Siksa; Kalpa |
| Vedangas: Vyakarana; Nirukta; Chandas; Jyotis |
Darsana |
|---|
| Samkhyakarika of Isvarakrsna: Satkaryavada; Purusa-svarlipa; Prakyti-svarUpa; Srstikrama; Pratyayasarga; Kaivalya, Vedantasdira of Sadananda: Anubandha-catustaya; Ajnana; Adhyaropa-Apavada; Lingasarirotpatti; Pancikarana; Vivarta; Jivanmukti |
| Tarkabhasa of Kesavamisra/ Tarkasarhgraha of Annambhatta: Padartha; Karana; Pramana; Pratyaksa; Anumana; upamana; Sabda |
Grammar and linguistics |
|---|
| Grammar: Definitions-Samhita; Guna; Vrddhi; Pratipadika; Nadi; Ghi; Upadha; Aprkta; Gati; Pada; Vibhasa; Savarna; Ti; Pragrhya; Sarvandmasthana; Nistha, Karaka: As per Siddhantakaumudi, Samasa: As per Laghusiddhantakaumudi |
| Linguistics: Definition and types of languages-genealogical and morphological classification of languages, speech-mechanism and classification of sounds: Stops, fricatives, semi-vowels and vowels, phonetic laws |
| Linguistics: Characteristics of the three types of Indo-Aryan |
Sanskrit literature and poetics |
|---|
| General study of the following works: Poetry-Raghuvarhga; Meghaduta; Kiratarjuniya; Sisupalavadha; Naisadhiyacarita; Buddhacarita, prose: Dasakumaracarita; Harsacarita; Kadambari, drama: Svapnavasavadatta; Abhijnanasakuntala; Mrcchakatika |
| General study of the following works: Drama-Uttararmacarita; Mudraraksasa; Ratnavali; Venisamhara |
| Poetics: Sahityadarpana, definition of Kavya, refutation of other definitions of Kavya, Sabdasakti-Sanketagraha; Abhidha; Laksana; Vyanjana, Rasa-types of Rasas with their sthayi bhavas, types of Rupaka, characteristics of Nataka |
| Poetics: Characteristics of Mahakavya |
Sociological concepts |
|---|
| Nature of sociology: Definition, sociological perspective |
| Basic concepts: Community, institution, association, culture, norms, and values |
| Social structures: Status and role, their interrelationship, multiple roles, role set, status set, status sequence, role conflict |
| Social group: Meaning, types: Primary-secondary, formal-informal, ingroup-outgroup, reference group |
| Social institutions: Marriage, family, education, economy, polity, religion |
| Socialization: Socialization, resocialization, anticipatory socialization, adult socialization, agencies of socialization, theories of socialization |
| Social stratification: Social differentiation, hierarchy and inequality, forms of stratification: Caste, class, gender, ethnic theories of social stratification, social mobility |
| Social change: Concepts and types-evolution, diffusion, progress, revolution, transformation, change in structure, and change of structure, theories: Dialectical and cyclical |
Sociological theory |
|---|
| Structural: Nadel, Radcliffe Brown, Levi-Strauss |
| Functional: Malinowski, Durkheim, Parsons, Merton |
| Interactionist: Social action-Max Weber, Pareto, symbolic interactionism: G. H. Mead, Blumer |
| Conflict: Karl Marx, Dahrendorf, Coser, Collins |
Methodology |
|---|
| Meaning and nature of social research: Nature of social phenomena, the scientific method, the problems in the study of social phenomena: Objectivity and subjectivity, fact and value |
| Quantitative methods: Survey, research design and its types, hypothesis, sampling, techniques of data collection: Observation, questionnaire, schedule, interview |
| Qualitative methods: Participant observation, case study, content analysis, oral history, life history |
| Statistics in social research: Measures of central tendency: Mean, median, mode, measures of dispersion, correlational and analysis, test of significance, reliability and validity |
Language and linguistics |
|---|
| Notions of language: Language as written text-philological and literary notions that is, norm, purity, and their preservation, language as a cultural heritage-codification and transmission of cultural knowledge and behaviour |
| Notions of language: Language as a marker of social identity-language boundary, dialect and language-codes of special groups-use of language (s) to express multiple identities; language as an object that is, notion of autonomy |
| Notions of language: Structure and its units and components; language in spoken and written modes and relation between them; writing system-units of writing-sound (alphabetic), or syllable (syllabic) and morpheme/ word (logographic) |
| Approaches to the study of language: Semiotic approach-interpretation of sign; language as a system of social behaviour-use of language in family, community, and country; language as a system of communication-communicative functions-emotive, conative |
| Approaches to the study of language: Language as a system of communication-communicative functions-referential, poetic, metalinguistic and phatic; sign language; animal communication system and formal language; design features of language-arbitrariness |
| Approaches to the study of language: Double articulation, displacement, interchangeability and specialization; language as a cognitive system-knowledge representation; relation with culture and thought, that is, concept formation |
| Approaches to the study of language: Existence of language faculty; linguistic competence, ideal speaker-hearer |
| Structure of language: Levels and their hierarchy-phonological. Morphological, syntactic and semantic, their interrelations; universal and specific properties of language-formal and substantive universals. Synchronic and diachronic view of language |
| Structure of language: Language relation-genetic, areal and typological; concepts of langue and parole, idiolect, and language |
| Grammatical analysis: Linguistic units and their distribution at different levels; notions of contrast and complementation; -etic and -emic categorization; paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations |
| Grammatical analysis: Notions of word classes (parts of speech) and grammatical categories; grammatical relations and case relations; notion of rule at different levels; description vs. explanation of grammatical facts |
| Linguistics and others fields: Relevance of linguistics to other fields of enquiry-philosophy, anthropology. sociology, political science, psychology, education, computer science and literature |
Phonetics, phonology, and morphology |
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| Phonetics: Definition; mechanisms of speech production-airstream mechanism, oro-nasal process, phonation process and articulation (place and manner); cardinal vowels (primary and secondary); vowels and consonants (liquids, glides); secondary articulation |
| Phonetics: Coarticulation; syllable; phonetic transcription (IPA); suprasegmentals-length, stress, tone, intonation and juncture |
| Phonology: Phonetics vs. phonology; concept of phoneme, phone and allophone; principles of phonemic analysis-phonetic similarity, contrast, complementary distribution, free variation, economy, pattern congruity; alternation and neutralization |
| Phonology: Distinctive features; syllable in phonology |
| Morphology: Scope and nature; concept of morpheme, morph, allomorph, portmanteau morph, lexeme and word; identification of morphemes; morphological alternation; morphophonemic process; internal and external sandhi; derivation vs inflection |
| Morphology: Root and stem; grammatical categories-tense, aspect, mood, person, gender, number, case: case marker and case relation; pre- and post-positions: affixes vs. clitics; stem vs. word-based morphology; paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations |
Syntax and semantics |
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| Traditional and structuralist syntax: Parts of speech; Indian classification of grammatical categories (Naama, Aakhyaata, Upasarga, Nipaata); structural syntactic categories (word, phrase, clause etc); functional syntactic categories(subject, object, etc) |
| Traditional and structuralist syntax: Construction types (exocentric, indocentric, etc),immediate constituent analysis |
| Generative syntax: Universal grammar, innateness hypothesis, meaning of the term ‘generative’, transformational generative grammar, criteria for determining constituents, aspects model, problems with the aspects model, Ross's constraints |
| Generative syntax: Principles and parameters |
| Meaning: Types of meaning; descriptive, emotive and phatic; sense and reference, connotation and denotation, sense relations (homonymy, synonymy etc); types of opposition (taxonomic, polar, etc); ambiguity, sentence meaning and truth conditions |
| Meaning: Presupposition, entailment and implicature, speech acts, deixis, definiteness, mood, and modality, componential analysis |
Historical linguistics and south Asian language families |
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| Introduction: Synchronic and diachronic approaches to language; interrelationship between diachronic and synchronic data; use of written records for historical studies; language classification; notion of language family |
| Introduction: Criteria for identifying family relationships among languages; definition of the word ‘cognate’; language isolates: criteria. for typological classification-agglutinative, inflectional, analytic, synthetic and polysynthetic |
| Introduction: Basic word order typology-SVO, SOV, etc |
| Linguistic change and reconstruction: Sound change; neogrammarian theory of gradualness and regularity of sound change; genesis and spread of sound change; phonetic and phonemic change; split and merger; conditioned vs. unconditioned change |
| Linguistic change and reconstruction: Types of change-assimilation and dissimilation, coalescence, metathesis, deletion, epenthesis; transformational-generative approach to sound change-rule addition, rule deletion, rule, generalization, rule ordering |
| Linguistic change and reconstruction: Social motivation for change; lexical diffusion of sound change; analogy and its relationship to sound change; reconstructing the proto-stages of languages |
| Linguistic change and reconstruction: Internal reconstruction and comparative method-their scopes and limitations; innovation and retention; subgrouping within a family; family tree and wave models; relative chronology of different changes |
| Language contact and dialect geography: Linguistic borrowing-lexical and structural; motivations-prestige and need-filling (including culture-based); classification of loanwords-loan translation, loan blend, calque |
| Language contact and dialect geography: Assimilated and unassimilated loans (tadbhava and tatsama); bilingualism as the source for borrowing; dialect, idiolect; isogloss; methods of preparing dialect atlas, focal area, transition area and relic area |
| Language families of South Asia: Indo-aryan, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, Tibeto-Burman; language isolates-burushaski, nahali-their geographical distribution, enumeration; characteristics |
| Areal features of South Asia: South Asia as a linguistic area-phonological-length contrast in vowels and consonants, retroflexion, open syllable structure; morphemic structure rules; morphological and syntactical-agglutination, ergativity, agreement |
| Areal features of South Asia: Productive use of conjunctive participles; passives; causatives; echo words; phenomenon of reduplication; copulative compounds; compound verbs, relative clause construction |
Socio-linguistics and applied linguistics |
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| Language and society: Speech community; verbal repertoire; linguistic and communicative competence; linguistic variability and ethnography of speaking; sociolinguistic variables; patterns of variation; regional, social and stylistic |
| Language and society: Restricted and elaborated codes; diglossia |
| Languages in contact: Types of bilingualism and bilinguals; borrowing; convergence; pidgins and creoles; language maintenance and shift |
| Sociology of language: Language planning; language standardization and modernization; language and power: literacy-autonomous vs ideological |
| Scope of applied linguistics: Language teaching; translation studies; lexicography; stylistics; speech pathology; mass media and communication; language and computers |
| Language learning and language teaching: First and second language learning; language acquisition in multilingual settings; behaviouristic and cognitive theories of language learning; social and psychological aspects of second language acquisition |
| Language learning and language teaching: Methods, materials and teaching-aids in language teaching; computer assisted language teaching (CALT); types of tests and their standardization |
Inorganic chemistry |
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| Chemical periodicity |
| Structure and bonding in homo-and heteronuclear molecules, including shapes of molecules (VSEPR theory) |
| Concepts of acids and bases, hard-soft acid base concept, non-aqueous solvents |
| Main group elements and their compounds: Allotropy, synthesis, structure, and bonding, industrial importance of the compounds |
| Transition elements and coordination compounds: structure, bonding theories, spectral, and magnetic properties, reaction mechanisms |
| Inner transition elements: spectral and magnetic properties, redox chemistry, analytical applications |
| Organometallic compounds: Synthesis, bonding and structure, and reactivity. Organometallics in homogeneous catalysis |
| Cages and metal clusters |
| Analytical chemistry: Separation, spectroscopic, electro-and thermoanalytical methods |
| Bioinorganic chemistry: Photosystems, porphyrins, metalloenzymes, oxygen transport, electron-transfer reactions; nitrogen fixation, metal complexes in medicine |
| Characterization of inorganic compounds by IR, Raman, NMR, EPR, Mössbauer, UV-vis, NQR, MS, electron spectroscopy, and microscopic techniques |
| Nuclear chemistry: Nuclear reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical techniques, and activation analysis |
Physical chemistry |
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| Basic principles of quantum mechanics: Postulates; operator algebra; exactly-solvable systems: Particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom, including shapes of atomic orbitals; orbital and spin angular momenta; tunneling |
| Approximate methods of quantum mechanics: Variational principle; perturbation theory up to second order in energy; applications |
| Atomic structure and spectroscopy; term symbols; many-electron systems and antisymmetry principle |
| Chemical bonding in diatomics; elementary concepts of MO and VB theories; Huckel theory for conjugated π-electron systems |
| Chemical applications of group theory; symmetry elements; point groups; character tables; selection rules |
| Molecular spectroscopy: Rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules; electronic spectra; IR and Raman activities-selection rules; basic principles of magnetic resonance |
| Chemical thermodynamics: Laws, state, and path functions and their applications; thermodynamic description of various types of processes; Maxwell’s relations; spontaneity and equilibrium; temperature and pressure dependence of thermodynamic quantities |
| Chemical thermodynamics: Le Chatelier principle; elementary description of phase transitions; phase equilibrium and phase rule; thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal gases, and solutions |
| Statistical thermodynamics: Boltzmann distribution; kinetic theory of gases; partition functions and their relation to thermodynamic quantities-calculations for model systems |
| Electrochemistry: Nernst equation, redox systems, electrochemical cells; Debye-Hückel theory; electrolytic conductance-Kohlrausch’s law and its applications; ionic equilibrium; conductometric and potentiometric titrations |
| Chemical kinetics: Empirical rate laws and temperature dependence; complex reactions; steady state approximation; determination of reaction mechanisms; collision and transition state theories of rate constants; unimolecular reactions; enzyme kinetics |
| Chemical kinetics: Salt effects; homogeneous catalysis; photochemical reactions |
| Colloids and surfaces: Stability and properties of colloids; isotherms and surface area; heterogeneous catalysis |
| Solid state: Crystal structures; Bragg’s law and applications; band structure of solids |
| Polymer chemistry: Molar masses; kinetics of polymerization |
| Data analysis: Mean and standard deviation; absolute and relative errors; linear regression; covariance and correlation coefficient |
Organic chemistry |
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| IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules including regio-and stereoisomers |
| Principles of stereochemistry: Configurational and conformational isomerism in acyclic and cyclic compounds; stereogenicity, stereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and asymmetric induction |
| Aromaticity: Benzenoid and non-benzenoid compounds-generation and reactions |
| Organic reactive intermediates: Generation, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, and nitrenes |
| Organic reaction mechanisms involving addition, elimination, and substitution reactions with electrophilic, nucleophilic, or radical species |
| Determination of reaction pathways |
| Common named reactions and rearrangements-applications in organic synthesis |
| Organic transformations and reagents: Functional group interconversion including oxidations and reductions; common catalysts and reagents (organic, inorganic, organometallic, and enzymatic). Chemo, regio, and stereoselective transformations |
| Concepts in organic synthesis: Retrosynthesis, disconnection, synthons, linear, and convergent synthesis, umpolung of reactivity and protecting groups |
| Asymmetric synthesis: Chiral auxiliaries, methods of asymmetric induction-substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled reactions; determination of enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess; enantio-discrimination. Resolution-optical and kinetic |
| Pericyclic reactions: Electrocyclization, cycloaddition, sigmatropic rearrangements and other related concerted reactions. Principles and applications of photochemical reactions in organic chemistry |
| Synthesis and reactivity of common heterocyclic compounds containing one or two heteroatoms (o, n, s) |
| Chemistry of natural products: Carbohydrates, proteins and peptides, fatty acids, nucleic acids, terpenes, steroids, and alkaloids. Biogenesis of terpenoids and alkaloids |
| Structure determination of organic compounds by IR, UV-Vis, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and mass spectroscopic techniques |
Interdisciplinary topics |
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| Chemistry in Nanoscience and Technology |
| Catalysis and Green Chemistry |
| Medicinal chemistry |
| Supramolecular Chemistry |
| Environmental chemistry |
Molecules and their interaction relevant to biology |
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| Structure of atoms, molecules, and chemical bonds |
| Composition, structure, and function of biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and vitamins) |
| Stabilizing interactions (Van Der Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, etc) |
| Principles of biophysical chemistry (pH, buffer, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, colligative properties) |
| Bioenergetics, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, coupled reaction, group transfer, biological energy transducers |
| Principles of catalysis, enzymes and enzyme kinetics, enzyme regulation, mechanism of enzyme catalysis, isozymes |
| Conformation of proteins (Ramachandran plot, secondary structure, domains, motif, and folds) |
| Conformation of nucleic acids (helix (A, B, Z), t-RNA, micro-RNA) |
| Stability of proteins and nucleic acids |
| Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids nucleotides, and vitamins |
Cellular organization |
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| Membrane structure and function: Structure of model membrane, lipid bilayer and membrane protein diffusion, osmosis, ion channels, active transport, membrane pumps, mechanism of sorting and regulation of intracellular transport |
| Membrane structure and function: Electrical properties of membranes |
| Structural organization and function of intracellular organelles: Cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, plastids, vacuoles, chloroplast |
| Structural organization and function of intracellular organelles: Structure and function of cytoskeleton and its role in motility |
| Organization of genes and chromosomes: Operon, unique and repetitive DNA, interrupted genes, gene families, structure of chromatin and chromosomes, heterochromatin, euchromatin, transposons |
| Cell division and cell cycle: Mitosis and meiosis, their regulation, steps in cell cycle, regulation, and control of cell cycle |
| Microbial physiology: Growth yield and characteristics, strategies of cell division, stress response |
Fundamental processes |
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| DNA replication, repair, and recombination: Unit of replication, enzymes involved, replication origin and replication fork, fidelity of replication, extrachromosomal replicons, DNA damage and repair mechanisms, homologous and site-specific recombination |
| RNA synthesis and processing: Transcription factors and machinery, formation of initiation complex, transcription activator and repressor, RNA polymerases, capping, elongation, and termination, RNA processing, RNA editing |
| RNA synthesis and processing: Splicing, and polyadenylation, structure and function of different types of RNA, RNA transport |
| Protein synthesis and processing: Ribosome, formation of initiation complex, initiation factors and their regulation, elongation and elongation factors, termination, genetic code, aminoacylation of tRNA, tRNA-identity |
| Protein synthesis and processing: Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, and translational proofreading, translational inhibitors, post-translational modification of proteins |
| Control of gene expression at transcription and translation level: Regulating the expression of phages, viruses, prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes, role of chromatin in gene expression and gene silencing |
Cell communication and cell signaling |
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| Host parasite interaction: Recognition and entry processes of different pathogens like bacteria, viruses into animal and plant host cells, alteration of host cell behaviour by pathogens, virus-induced cell transformation |
| Host parasite interaction: Pathogen-induced diseases in animals and plants, cell-cell fusion in both normal and abnormal cells |
| Cell signaling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling through G-protein coupled receptors, signal transduction pathways, second messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial, and plant two component systems |
| Cell signaling: Light signaling in plants, bacterial chemotaxis, and quorum sensing |
| Cellular communication: Regulation of hematopoiesis, general principles of cell communication, cell adhesion and roles of different adhesion molecules, gap junctions, extracellular matrix, integrins, neurotransmission and its regulation |
| Cancer: Genetic rearrangements in progenitor cells, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cancer, and the cell cycle, virus-induced cancer, metastasis, interaction of cancer cells with normal cells, apoptosis |
| Cancer: Therapeutic interventions of uncontrolled cell growth |
| Innate and adaptive immune system: Cells and molecules involved in innate and adaptive immunity, antigens, antigenicity, and immunogenicity. B and T cell epitopes, structure and function of antibody molecules. Generation of antibody diversity |
| Innate and adaptive immune system: Monoclonal antibodies, antibody engineering, antigen-antibody interactions, MHC molecules, antigen processing and presentation, activation and differentiation of B and T cells, B and T cell receptors |
| Innate and adaptive immune system: Humoral and cell mediated immune responses, primary and secondary immune modulation, the complement system, toll-like receptors, cell-mediated effector functions, inflammation, hypersensitivity and autoimmunity |
| Innate and adaptive immune system: Immune response during bacterial (tuberculosis), parasitic (malaria) and viral (HIV) infections, congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, vaccines |
Developmental biology |
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| Basic concepts of development: Potency, commitment, specification, induction, competence, determination and differentiation; morphogenetic gradients; cell fate and cell lineages; stem cells; genomic equivalence and the cytoplasmic determinants |
| Basic concepts of development: Imprinting; mutants and transgenics in analysis of development |
| Gametogenesis, fertilization, and early development: Production of gametes, cell surface molecules in sperm-egg recognition in animals; embryo sac development and double fertilization in plants; zygote formation, cleavage, blastula formation |
| Gametogenesis, fertilization, and early development: Embryonic fields, gastrulation, and formation of germ layers in animals; embryogenesis, establishment of symmetry in plants; seed formation and germination |
| Morphogenesis and organogenesis in animals: Cell aggregation and differentiation in dictyostelium; axes and pattern formation in drosophila, amphibia, and chick; organogenesis-vulva formation in caenorhabditis elegans, eye lens induction |
| Morphogenesis and organogenesis in animals: Limb development and regeneration in vertebrates; differentiation of neurons, post embryonic development-larval formation, metamorphosis; environmental regulation of normal development; sex determination |
| Morphogenesis and organogenesis in plants: Organization of shoot and root apical meristem; shoot and root development; leaf development and phyllotaxy; transition to flowering, floral meristems, and floral development in arabidopsis and antirrhinum |
| Programmed cell death, aging, and senescence |
System physiology-plant |
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| Photosynthesis: Light harvesting complexes; mechanisms of electron transport; photoprotective mechanisms; CO₂ fixation-C₃, C₄, and CAM pathways |
| Respiration and photorespiration: Citric acid cycle; plant mitochondrial electron transport and ATP synthesis; alternate oxidase; photorespiratory pathway |
| Nitrogen metabolism: Nitrate and ammonium assimilation; amino acid biosynthesis |
| Plant hormones: Biosynthesis, storage, breakdown, and transport; physiological effects and mechanisms of action |
| Sensory photobiology: Structure, function and mechanisms of action of phytochromes, cryptochromes and phototropins; stomatal movement; photoperiodism and biological clocks |
| Solute transport and photoassimilate translocation: Uptake, transport and translocation of water, ions, solutes and macromolecules from soil, through cells, across membranes, through xylem and phloem; transpiration |
| Solute transport and photoassimilate translocation: Mechanisms of loading and unloading of photoassimilates |
| Secondary metabolites: Biosynthesis of terpenes, phenols, and nitrogenous compounds and their roles |
| Stress physiology: Responses of plants to biotic (pathogen and insects) and abiotic (water, temperature, and salt) stresses |
System physiology-animal |
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| Blood and circulation: Blood corpuscles, haemopoiesis and formed elements, plasma function, blood volume, blood volume regulation, blood groups, haemoglobin, immunity, haemostasis |
| Cardiovascular system: Comparative anatomy of heart structure, myogenic heart, specialized tissue, ECG-its principle and significance, cardiac cycle, heart as a pump, blood pressure, neural, and chemical regulation of all above |
| Respiratory system: Comparison of respiration in different species, anatomical considerations, transport of gases, exchange of gases, waste elimination, neural, and chemical regulation of respiration |
| Nervous system: Neurons, action potential, gross neuroanatomy of the brain and spinal cord, central and peripheral nervous system, neural control of muscle tone and posture |
| Sense organs: Vision, hearing, and tactile response |
| Excretory system: Comparative physiology of excretion, kidney, urine formation, urine concentration, waste elimination, micturition, regulation of water balance, blood volume, blood pressure, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance |
| Thermoregulation: Comfort zone, body temperature-physical, chemical, neural regulation, acclimatization |
| Stress and adaptation |
| Digestive system: Digestion, absorption, energy balance, BMR |
| Endocrinology and reproduction: Endocrine glands, basic mechanism of hormone action, hormones, and diseases; reproductive processes, gametogenesis, ovulation, neuroendocrine regulation |
Inheritance biology |
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| Mendelian principles: Dominance, segregation, independent assortment |
| Concept of gene: Allele, multiple alleles, pseudoallele, complementation tests |
| Extensions of mendelian principles: Codominance, incomplete dominance, gene interactions, pleiotropy, genomic imprinting, penetrance, and expressivity, phenocopy, linkage and crossing over, sex linkage, sex limited, and sex influenced characters |
| Gene mapping methods: Linkage maps, tetrad analysis, mapping with molecular markers, mapping by using somatic cell hybrids, development of mapping population in plants |
| Extra chromosomal inheritance: Inheritance of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes, maternal inheritance |
| Microbial genetics: Methods of genetic transfers-transformation, conjugation, transduction, and sex-duction, mapping genes by interrupted mating, fine structure analysis of genes |
| Human genetics: Pedigree analysis, LOD score for linkage testing, karyotypes, genetic disorders |
| Quantitative genetics: Polygenic inheritance, heritability and its measurements, QTL mapping |
| Mutation: Types, causes, and detection, mutant types-lethal, conditional, biochemical, loss of function, gain of function, germinal vs somatic mutants, insertional mutagenesis |
| Structural and numerical alterations of chromosomes: Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation, ploidy, and their genetic implications |
| Recombination: Homologous and non-homologous recombination including transposition |
Diversity of life forms |
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| Principles and methods of taxonomy: Concepts of species and hierarchical taxa, biological nomenclature, classical, and quantitative methods of taxonomy of plants, animals, and microorganisms |
| Levels of structural organization: Unicellular, colonial and multicellular forms. Levels of organization of tissues, organs, and systems. Comparative anatomy, adaptive radiation, adaptive modifications |
| Outline classification of plants, animals, and microorganisms: Important criteria used for classification in each taxon. Classification of plants, animals, and microorganisms. Evolutionary relationships among taxa |
| Natural history of Indian subcontinent: Major habitat types of the subcontinent, geographic origins, and migrations of species. Common Indian mammals, birds. Seasonality and phenology of the subcontinent |
| Organisms of health and agricultural importance: Common parasites and pathogens of humans, domestic animals, and crops |
| Organisms of conservation concern: Rare, endangered species. Conservation strategies |
Ecological principles |
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| The Environment: Physical environment; biotic environment; biotic and abiotic interactions |
| Habitat and niche: Concept of habitat and niche; niche width and overlap; fundamental and realized niche; resource partitioning; character displacement |
| Population ecology: Characteristics of a population; population growth curves; population regulation; life history strategies (R and K selection); concept of metapopulation-demes and dispersal, interdemic extinctions, age structured populations |
| Species interactions: Types of interactions, interspecific competition, herbivory, carnivory, pollination, symbiosis |
| Community ecology: Nature of communities; community structure and attributes; levels of species diversity and its measurement; edges and ecotones |
| Ecological succession: Types; mechanisms; changes involved in succession; concept of climax |
| Ecosystem ecology: Ecosystem structure; ecosystem function; energy flow and mineral cycling (C, N, P); primary production and decomposition |
| Structure and function of some Indian ecosystems: Terrestrial (forest, grassland) and aquatic (fresh water, marine, estuarine) |
| Biogeography: Major terrestrial biomes; theory of island biogeography; biogeographical zones of India |
| Applied ecology: Environmental pollution; global environmental change; biodiversity: Status, monitoring, and documentation; major drivers of biodiversity change; biodiversity management approaches |
| Conservation biology: Principles of conservation, major approaches to management, Indian case studies on conservation/ management strategy (project tiger, biosphere reserves) |
Evolution and behaviour |
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| Emergence of evolutionary thoughts: Lamarck; Darwin-concepts of variation, adaptation, struggle, fitness, and natural selection; Mendelism; spontaneity of mutations; the evolutionary synthesis |
| Origin of cells and unicellular evolution: Origin of basic biological molecules; abiotic synthesis of organic monomers and polymers; concept of Oparin and Haldane; experiment of Miller (1953); the first cell; evolution of prokaryotes |
| Origin of cells and unicellular evolution: Origin of eukaryotic cells; evolution of unicellular eukaryotes; anaerobic metabolism, photosynthesis, and aerobic metabolism |
| Paleontology and evolutionary history: The evolutionary time scale; eras, periods and epoch; major events in the evolutionary time scale; origins of unicellular and multicellular organisms; major groups of plants and animals |
| Paleontology and evolutionary history: Stages in primate evolution including homo |
| Molecular evolution: Concepts of neutral evolution, molecular divergence and molecular clocks; molecular tools in phylogeny, classification and identification; protein and nucleotide sequence analysis; origin of new genes and proteins |
| Molecular evolution: Gene duplication and divergence |
| The mechanisms: Population genetics-populations, gene pool, gene frequency; Hardy-Weinberg law; concepts and rate of change in gene frequency through natural selection, migration, and random genetic drift; adaptive radiation; isolating mechanisms |
| The mechanisms: Speciation; allopatricity and sympatricity; convergent evolution; sexual selection; coevolution |
| Brain, behaviour, and evolution: Approaches and methods in study of behaviour; proximate and ultimate causation; altruism and evolution-group selection, kin selection, reciprocal altruism; neural basis of learning, memory, cognition, sleep, and arousal |
| Brain, behavior, and evolution: Biological clocks; development of behaviour; social communication; social dominance; use of space and territoriality; mating systems, parental investment and reproductive success; parental care; aggressive behaviour |
| Brain, behavior, and evolution: Habitat selection and optimality in foraging; migration, orientation, and navigation; domestication and behavioural changes |
Applied biology |
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| Microbial fermentation and production of small and macromolecules |
| Application of immunological principles, vaccines, diagnostics |
| Tissue and cell culture methods for plants and animals |
| Transgenic animals and plants, molecular approaches to diagnosis and strain identification |
| Genomics and its application to health and agriculture, including gene therapy |
| Bioresource and uses of biodiversity |
| Breeding in plants and animals, including marker-assisted selection |
| Bioremediation and phytoremediation |
| Biosensors |
Methods in biology |
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| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Isolation and purification of RNA, DNA (genomic and plasmid) and proteins, different separation methods. Analysis of RNA, DNA and proteins by one and two dimensional gel electrophoresis |
| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Isoelectric focusing gels. Molecular cloning of DNA or RNA fragments in bacterial and eukaryotic systems. Expression of recombinant proteins using bacterial, animal, and plant vectors |
| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Isolation of specific nucleic acid sequences, generation of genomic and cDNA libraries in plasmid, phage, cosmid, BAC and YAC vectors. In vitro mutagenesis and deletion techniques |
| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Gene knockout in bacterial and eukaryotic organisms. Protein sequencing methods, detection of post translational modification of proteins. DNA sequencing methods, strategies for genome sequencing |
| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Methods for analysis of gene expression at RNA and protein level, large scale expression, such as microarray based techniques isolation, separation, and analysis of carbohydrate and lipid molecules RFLP |
| Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: RAPD and AFLP techniques |
| Histochemical and immunotechniques: Antibody generation, detection of molecules using ELISA, RIA, western blot, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy, detection of molecules in living cells |
| Histochemical and Immunotechniques: In-situ localization by techniques such as FISH and GISH |
| Biophysical method: Molecular analysis using UV/ visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism, NMR and ESR spectroscopy molecular structure determination using X-ray diffraction and NMR, molecular analysis using light scattering |
| Biophysical method: Different types of mass spectrometry and surface plasmon resonance methods |
| Statistical methods: Measures of central tendency and dispersal; probability distributions (binomial, Poisson, and normal); sampling distribution; difference between parametric and non-parametric statistics; confidence interval; errors |
| Statistical methods: Levels of significance; regression and correlation; t-test; analysis of variance; X2 test; basic introduction to multivariate statistics, etc |
| Radiolabeling techniques: Detection and measurement of different types of radioisotopes normally used in biology, incorporation of radioisotopes in biological tissues and cells, molecular imaging of radioactive material, safety guidelines |
| Microscopic techniques: Visualization of cells and subcellular components by light microscopy, resolving powers of different microscopes, microscopy of living cells, scanning and transmission microscopes, different fixation, and staining techniques for EM |
| Microscopic techniques: Freeze-etch and freeze-fracture methods for EM, image processing methods in microscopy |
| Electrophysiological methods: Single neuron recording, patch-clamp recording, ECG, brain activity recording, lesion and stimulation of brain, pharmacological testing, PET, MRI, fMRI, CAT |
| Methods in field biology: Methods of estimating population density of animals and plants, ranging patterns through direct, indirect, and remote observations, sampling methods in the study of behaviour |
| Methods in field biology: Habitat characterization-ground and remote sensing methods |
Analysis |
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| Elementary set theory, finite, countable and uncountable sets, real number system as a complete ordered field, Archimedean property, supermoms, infimum |
| Sequences and series, convergence, limsup, liminf |
| Bolzano Weierstrass theorem, Heine-Borel theorem |
| Continuity, uniform continuity, differentiability, mean value theorem |
| Sequences and series of functions, uniform convergence |
| Riemann sums and riemann integral, improper integrals |
| Monotonic functions, types of discontinuity, functions of bounded variation, Lebesgue measure, Lebesgue integral |
| Functions of several variables, directional derivative, partial derivative, derivative as a linear transformation, inverse and implicit function theorems |
| Metric spaces, compactness, connectedness |
| Normed linear spaces |
| Spaces of continuous functions as examples |
Linear algebra |
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| Vector spaces, subspaces, linear dependence, basis, dimension, algebra of linear transformations |
| Algebra of matrices, rank and determinant of matrices, linear equations |
| Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Cayley-Hamilton theorem |
| Matrix representation of linear transformations |
| Change of basis, canonical forms, diagonal forms, triangular forms, jordan forms |
| Inner product spaces, orthonormal basis |
| Quadratic forms, reduction and classification of quadratic forms |
Complex analysis |
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| Algebra of complex numbers, the complex plane, polynomials, power series, transcendental functions such as exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions |
| Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations |
| Contour integral, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Liouville’s theorem, maximum modulus principle, Schwarz lemma, open mapping theorem |
| Taylor series, Laurent series, calculus of residues |
| Conformal mappings, Mobius transformations |
Algebra |
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| Permutations, combinations, pigeonhole principle, inclusion-exclusion principle, derangements |
| Fundamental theorem of arithmetic, divisibility in Z, congruences, Chinese remainder theorem, Euler’s ø- function, primitive roots |
| Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphisms, cyclic groups, permutation groups, cayley’s theorem, class equations, sylow theorems |
| Rings, ideals, prime and maximal ideals, quotient rings, unique factorization domain, principal ideal domain, Euclidean domain |
| Polynomial rings and irreducibility criteria |
| Fields, finite fields, field extensions, galois theory |
Topology |
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| Basis, dense sets, subspace, and product topology, separation axioms, connectedness and compactness |
Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) |
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| Existence and uniqueness of solutions of initial value problems for first order ordinary differential equations, singular solutions of first order ODEs, system of first order ODEs |
| General theory of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous linear ODEs, variation of parameters, Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem, green’s function |
Partial differential equations (PDEs) |
|---|
| Lagrange and Charpit methods for solving first order PDEs, Cauchy problem for first order PDEs |
| Classification of second order PDEs, general solution of higher order PDEs with constant coefficients, method of separation of variables for Laplace, heat and wave equations |
Numerical analysis |
|---|
| Numerical solutions solutions of algebraic equations, method of iteration and Newton-Raphson method, rate of convergence, solution of systems of linear algebraic equations using Gauss elimination and Gauss-Seidel methods, finite differences |
| Lagrange, Hermite, and Spline interpolation, numerical differentiation and integration, numerical solutions of ODEs using Picard, Euler, modified Euler, and Runge-Kutta methods |
Calculus of variations |
|---|
| Variation of a functional, Euler-Lagrange equation, necessary and sufficient conditions for extrema |
| Variational methods for boundary value problems in ordinary and partial differential equations |
Linear integral equations |
|---|
| Linear integral equation of the first and second kind of Fredholm and volterra type, solutions with separable kernels |
| Characteristic numbers and eigenfunctions, resolvent kernel |
Classical mechanics |
|---|
| Generalized coordinates, Lagrange’s equations, Hamilton’s canonical equations, Hamilton’s principle and principle of least action, two-dimensional motion of rigid bodies, Euler’s dynamical equations for the motion of a rigid body about an axis |
| Theory of small oscillations |
Descriptive statistics, exploratory data analysis |
|---|
| Sample space, discrete probability, independent events, Bayes's theorem |
| Random variables and distribution functions (univariate and multivariate); expectation and moments |
| Independent random variables, marginal and conditional distributions |
| Characteristic functions |
| Probability inequalities (Chebyshev's Markov, Jensen) |
| Modes of convergence, weak and strong laws of large numbers, Central Limit theorems (i.i.d. case) |
| Markov chains with finite and countable state space, classification of states, limiting behaviour of n-step transition probabilities, stationary distribution, Poisson, and birth-and-death processes |
| Standard discrete and continuous univariate distributions |
| Sampling distributions, standard errors, and asymptotic distributions, distribution of order statistics and range |
| Methods of estimation, properties of estimators, confidence intervals |
| Tests of hypotheses: most powerful and uniformly most powerful tests, likelihood ratio tests |
| Analysis of discrete data and chi-square test of goodness of fit |
| Large sample tests |
| Simple nonparametric tests for one and two sample problems, rank correlation and test for independence |
| Elementary bayesian inference |
| Gauss-Markov models, estimability of parameters, best linear unbiased estimators, confidence intervals, tests for linear hypotheses |
| Analysis of variance and covariance |
| Fixed, random and mixed effects models |
| Simple and multiple linear regression |
| Elementary regression diagnostics |
| Logistic regression |
| Multivariate normal distribution, wishart distribution, and their properties |
| Distribution of quadratic forms |
| Inference for parameters, partial and multiple correlation coefficients and related tests |
| Data reduction techniques: Principal component analysis, discriminant analysis, cluster analysis, canonical correlation |
| Simple random sampling, stratified sampling, and systematic sampling |
| Probability proportional to size sampling |
| Ratio and regression methods |
| Completely randomized designs, randomized block designs, and Latin-square designs |
| Connectedness and orthogonality of block designs, bibd |
| 2k factorial experiments: confounding and construction |
| Hazard function and failure rates, censoring and life testing, series, and parallel systems |
| Linear programming problem, simplex methods, duality |
| Elementary queuing and inventory models |
| Steady-state solutions of Markovian queuing models: M/M/1, M/M/1 with limited waiting space, M/M/C, M/M/C with limited waiting space, M/G/1 |
Mathematical methods of physics |
|---|
| Dimensional analysis |
| Vector algebra and vector calculus |
| Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley-Hamilton theorem |
| Eigenvalues and eigenvectors |
| Linear ordinary differential equations of first and second order, special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre, and Legendre functions) |
| Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms |
| Elements of complex analysis, analytic functions; Taylor and Laurent series; poles, residues and evaluation of integrals |
| Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions |
| Central limit theorem |
Classical mechanics |
|---|
| Newton’s laws |
| Dynamical systems, phase space dynamics, stability analysis |
| Central force motions |
| Two body collisions-scattering in laboratory and centre of mass frames |
| Rigid body dynamics moment of inertia tensor |
| Non-inertial frames and pseudo forces |
| Variational principle |
| Generalized coordinates |
| Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism, and equations of motion |
| Conservation laws and cyclic coordinates |
| Periodic motion: small oscillations, normal modes |
| Special theory of relativity Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass-energy equivalence |
Electromagnetic theory |
|---|
| Electrostatics: Gauss’s law and its applications, Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems |
| Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem |
| Electromagnetic induction |
| Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on the fields at interfaces |
| Scalar and vector potentials, gauge invariance |
| Electromagnetic waves in free space |
| Dielectrics and conductors |
| Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel’s law, interference, coherence, and diffraction |
| Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields |
Quantum mechanics |
|---|
| Wave-particle duality |
| Schrödinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent) |
| Eigenvalue problems (particle in a box, harmonic oscillator, etc) |
| Tunneling through a barrier |
| Wave-function in coordinate and momentum representations |
| Commutators and heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| Dirac notation for state vectors |
| Motion in a central potential: Orbital angular momentum, angular momentum algebra, spin, addition of angular momenta; hydrogen atom |
| Stern-gerlach experiment |
| Time independent perturbation theory and applications |
| Variational method |
| Time dependent perturbation theory and Fermi's golden rule, selection rules |
| Identical particles, Pauli exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection |
Thermodynamic and statistical physics |
|---|
| Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences |
| Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations, chemical potential, phase equilibrium |
| Phase space, micro-, and macro-states |
| Micro-canonical, canonical, and grand-canonical ensembles, and partition functions |
| Free energy and its connection with thermodynamic quantities |
| Classical and quantum statistics |
| Ideal bose and fermi gases |
| Principle of detailed balance |
| Blackbody radiation and planck's distribution law |
Electronics and experimental methods |
|---|
| Semiconductor devices (diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo-and hetero-junction devices), device structure, device characteristics, frequency dependence and applications |
| Opto-electronic devices (solar cells, photo-detectors, LEDs) |
| Operational amplifiers and their applications |
| Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators, and similar circuits) |
| A/D and D/A converters |
| Microprocessor and microcontroller basics |
| Data interpretation and analysis |
| Precision and accuracy |
| Error analysis, propagation of errors |
| Least squares fitting |
Mathematical methods of physics |
|---|
| Green’s function |
| Partial differential equations (Laplace, wave and heat equations in two and three dimensions) |
| Elements of computational techniques: Root of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule, solution of first order differential equation using Runge-Kutta method |
| Finite difference methods |
| Tensors |
| Introductory group theory: SU(2), O(3) |
Classical mechanics |
|---|
| Dynamical systems, phase space dynamics, stability analysis |
| Poisson brackets and canonical transformations |
| Symmetry, invariance, and Noether’s theorem |
| Hamilton-jacobi theory |
Electromagnetic theory |
|---|
| Dispersion relations in plasma |
| Lorentz invariance of maxwell’s equation |
| Transmission lines and wave guides |
| Radiation from moving charges and dipoles and retarded potentials |
Quantum mechanics |
|---|
| Spin-orbit coupling, fine structure |
| Wkb approximation |
| Elementary theory of scattering: phase shifts, partial waves, Born approximation |
| Relativistic quantum mechanics: Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations |
| Semi-classical theory of radiation |
Thermodynamic and statistical physics |
|---|
| First-and second-order phase transitions |
| Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism |
| Ising model |
| Bose-einstein condensation |
| Diffusion equation |
| Random walk and brownian motion |
| Introduction to non-equilibrium processes |
Electronics and experimental methods |
|---|
| Linear and nonlinear curve fitting, chi-square test |
| Transducers (temperature, pressure/ vacuum, magnetic fields, vibration, optical, and particle detectors) |
| Measurement and control |
| Signal conditioning and recovery |
| Impedance matching, amplification (Op-amp based, instrumentation amp, feedback), filtering and noise reduction, shielding and grounding |
| Fourier transforms, lock-in detector, boxcar integrator, modulation techniques |
| High frequency devices (including generators and detectors) |
Atomic and molecular physics |
|---|
| Quantum states of an electron in an atom |
| Electron spin |
| Spectrum of helium and alkali atom |
| Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen atom, hyperfine structure and isotopic shift, width of spectral lines, LS and JJ couplings |
| Zeeman, Paschen-Back, and Stark effects |
| Electron spin resonance |
| Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shift |
| Franck-Condon principle |
| Born-oppenheimer approximation |
| Electronic, rotational, vibrational, and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules |
| Lasers: Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A and B coefficients |
| Optical pumping, population inversion, rate equation |
| Modes of resonators and coherence length |
Condensed matter physics |
|---|
| Bravais lattices |
| Reciprocal lattice |
| Diffraction and the structure factor |
| Bonding of solids |
| Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat |
| Free electron theory and electronic specific heat |
| Response and relaxation phenomena |
| Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity |
| Hall effect and thermoelectric power |
| Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids: Metals, insulators, and semiconductors |
| Superconductivity: type-I and type-II superconductors |
| Josephson junctions |
| Super fluidity |
| Defects and dislocations |
| Ordered phases of matter: translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline order |
| Quasicrystals |
Nuclear and particle physics |
|---|
| Basic nuclear properties: Size, shape, and charge distribution, spin and parity |
| Binding energy, semi empirical mass formula, liquid drop model |
| Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleon potential, charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces |
| Deuteron problem |
| Evidence of shell structure, single-particle shell model, its validity, and limitations |
| Rotational spectra |
| Elementary ideas of alpha, beta, and gamma decays, and their selection rules |
| Fission and fusion |
| Nuclear reactions, reaction mechanism, compound nuclei, and direct reactions |
| Classification of fundamental forces |
| Elementary particles and their quantum numbers (charge, spin, parity, isospin, strangeness, etc) |
| Gell-mann-Nishijima formula |
| Quark model, baryons, and mesons |
| C, p, and t invariance |
| Application of symmetry arguments to particle reactions |
| Parity non-conservation in weak interaction |
| Relativistic kinematics |
Life of Gautam Buddha |
|---|
| Buddhist councils and Theravada (Hinayana) as well as Mahayana schools, introduction of Buddhism to Tibet, China, and Japan, Pali Tripitaka literature, lives and works of Buddhaghosa, Dignaga and Dharmakirti |
Sïla, Samadhi, and Prajna |
|---|
| Four Arya Satya's, Arya Ashtangika Marga, Pratityasamutpada, Nirvana |
Buddhist architecture |
|---|
| Bodh Gaya (Mahabodhi) temple, Ajanta Cave-temple, Sanchi Stupa, Buddhist sculpture-origin and development of Buddha-image, status of women in Buddhism, impact of Buddhism on society, Buddhism and ecology |
Life of lord Rishabhadeva, Parsvanatha, and Mahavira |
|---|
| Jaina councils and schools-Digambara and Svetambara, Prakrit Agama literature, lives and works of acharya Kundakunda, Umasvati and Haribhadra Suri, main centres of Jaina learning-Shravanabelagola, Jaisalmer, Ahmedabad and Varanasi |
Five Vratas |
|---|
| Anuvratas and Mahavratas-Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacarya and Aparigraha, six substances and seven fundamentals, Triratna-Samyag Darsana, Jnana and Caritra, Anekantavada and Syadvada |
| Five kinds of knowledge-Matt, Sruti, Avadhi, Mana Paryaya, and Kevala Jnana |
Jaina architecture |
|---|
| Ellora cave, Khajuraho temples and Mount Abu temples, Jaina iconography-images from Mathura and Shravanabelagola, status of women in Jainism, impact of Jainism on society-vegetarianism (Shakahar), four kinds of charity (Dana), Jainism and ecology |
Indian and western sources of influence on Gandhi |
|---|
| Early childhood and life in England, Gandhiji experiment of Satyagraha in South Africa, Satyagraha campaigns and Indian freedom movement, Gandhiana |
Foundation of Gandhian thought-God |
|---|
| Truth and nonviolence, individual, state, Swaraj, rights and duties, philosophy of Sarvodaya, ends, and means, religions, and politics |
Society and Varnasrama Dharma |
|---|
| Ashram vows, civilizations and education, trusteeship, constructive programme, sustainable development, and Swadeshi |
Concept of peace |
|---|
| Cause and forms of violence, conflict-resolutions and Satyagraha, peace movement in India and abroad, non-violent and ecology |
Business environment |
|---|
| Meaning and elements of business environment, economic environment, economic policies, economic planning, legal environment of business in India, competition policy, consumer protection, environment protection, policy environment: Liberalization |
| Policy environment: Privatization and globalization, second generation reforms, industrial policy, and implementation. Industrial growth and structural changes |
Financial and management accounting |
|---|
| Basic accounting concepts, capital and revenue, financial statements, partnership accounts: Admission, retirement, death, dissolution, and cash distribution, advanced company accounts: Issue, forfeiture, purchase of business, liquidation |
| Advanced company accounts: Valuation of shares, amalgamation, absorption, and reconstruction, holding company accounts, cost and management accounting: Ratio analysis, funds flow analysis, cash flow analysis, marginal costing and break-even analysis |
| Cost and management accounting: Standard costing, budgetary control, costing for decision-making responsibility accounting |
Business economics |
|---|
| Nature and uses of business Economics, concept of profit and wealth maximization |
| Demand analysis and elasticity of demand, indifference curve analysis, law utility analysis and laws of returns and law of variable proportions cost, revenue, price determination in different market situations: Perfect competition |
| Price determination in different market situations: Monopolistic competition, monopoly, price discrimination and oligopoly, pricing strategies |
Business statistics and data processing |
|---|
| Data types, data collection, and analysis, sampling, need, errors and methods of sampling, normal distribution, hypothesis testing, analysis, and interpretation of data, correlation and regression, small sample tests-t-test, F-test, and chi-square test |
| Data processing-elements, data entry, data processing, and computer applications, computer application to functional areas-accounting, inventory control, marketing |
Business management |
|---|
| Principles of management, planning-objectives, strategies, planning process, decision-making, organizing, organizational structure, formal and informal organizations, organizational culture, staffing, leading: Motivation, leadership, committees |
| Leading: Communication, controlling, corporate governance, and business ethics |
Marketing management |
|---|
| The evolution of marketing, concepts of marketing, marketing mix, marketing environment, consumer behaviour, marketing segmentation, product decisions, pricing decisions, distribution decisions, promotion decisions, marketing planning |
| Organizing and control |
Financial management |
|---|
| Capital structure, financial and operating leverage, cost of capital, capital budgeting, working capital management, dividend policy |
Human resources management |
|---|
| Concepts, role, and functions of human resource management, human resource planning, recruitment, and selection, training and development, succession planning, compensation: Wage and salary administration, incentive and fringe benefits |
| Compensation: Morale and productivity, performance appraisal, industrial relations in India, health, safety, welfare, and social security, workers’ participation in management |
Banking and financial institution |
|---|
| Importance of banking to business, types of banks and their functions, Reserve Bank of India, NABARD and rural banking, banking sector reforms in India, NPA, capital adequacy norms, e-banking, development banking: IDBI, IFCI, SFCS, UTI, SIDBI |
International business |
|---|
| Theoretical foundations of international business, balance of payments, international liquidity, international economic institutions-IMF, world bank IFC, IDA, ADB, world trade organization-its functions and policies |
| Structure of India’s foreign trade: Composition and direction, EXIM bank, EXIM policy of India, regulation and promotion of foreign trade |
Electronic transport in semiconductor |
|---|
| PN Junction, diode equation and diode equivalent circuit |
| Breakdown in diodes, Zener diodes, tunnel diode, semiconductor diodes, characteristics and equivalent circuits of BJT, JET, MOSFET, IC fabrication-crystal growth, epitaxy, oxidation, lithography, doping, etching, isolation methods, metallization, bonding |
| Thin film active and passive devices |
Superposition |
|---|
| Thevenin, Norton, and maximum power transfer theorems, network elements, network graphs, nodal and mesh analysis, zero and poles, bode plots, Laplace, Fourier, and Z-transforms |
| Time and frequency domain responses |
| Image impedance and passive filters |
| Two-port network parameters |
| Transfer functions, signal representation |
| State variable method of circuit analysis, A.C. circuit analysis, transient analysis |
Rectifiers |
|---|
| Voltage regulated ICs and regulated power supply, biasing of bipolar junction transistors and JFET |
| Single stage amplifiers, multistage amplifiers, feedback in amplifiers, oscillators, function generators, multivibrators, operational amplifiers (OPAMP)-characteristics and applications, computational applications, integrator, differentiator |
| Wave shaping circuits, F to V and V to F converters |
| Active filters, Schmitt trigger, phase locked loop |
Logic families |
|---|
| Flip-flops, gates, Boolean algebra and minimization techniques, multivibrators, and clock circuits, counters-ring, ripple |
| Synchronous, asynchronous, up and down shift registers, multiplexers, and demultiplexers, arithmetic circuits, memories, A/D and D/A converters |
Architecture of 8085 and 8086 microprocessors |
|---|
| Addressing modes, 8085 instruction set, 8085 interrupts, programming, memory and I/O interfacing, Interfacing 8155, 8255, 8279, 8253, 8257, 8259, 8251, with 8085 microprocessors, serial communication protocols |
| Introduction of microcontrollers (8 bit)-8031/ 8051, and 8048 |
Introduction of high-level programming language |
|---|
| Introduction of data in c |
| Operators and its precedence, various data types in C, storage classes in C, decision-making and forming loop in program, handling character, arrays in C, structure and union, user defined function, pointers in C, advanced pointer |
| Pointer to structures, pointer to functions, dynamic data structure, file handling in C, command line argument, graphics-video modes, video adapters, drawing various objects on screen, interfacing to external hardware via serial/ parallel port using C |
| Applying c to electronic circuit problems |
| Introduction to object-oriented programming and c++ |
| Introduction of FORTRAN language, programming discipline, statements to write a program, intrinsic functions, integer-type data, type statement, IF statement, data validation, format-directed input and output |
| Subscripted variables and do loops |
| Array, Fortran subprogram |
Maxwell's equations |
|---|
| Time varying fields, wave equation and its solution, rectangular waveguide, propagation of wave in ionosphere, Poynting vector, antenna parameters, half-wave antenna, transmission lines, characteristic of impedance matching, Smith chart |
| Microwave components-T, magic-T, Tuner |
| Circulator isolator, direction couplers, sources-reflex Klystron, principle of operation of magnetron, solid state microwave devices; basic theory of Gunn, GaAs FET, crystal defector and PIN diode for detection of microwaves |
Basic principles of amplitude |
|---|
| Frequency and phase modulation, demodulation, intermediate frequency and principle of superheterodyne receiver, spectral analysis, and signal transmission through linear systems, random signals and noise, noise temperature and noise figure |
| Basic concepts of information theory, digital modulation and demodulation, PM, PCM, ASK, FSK, PSK, time-division multiplexing, frequency-division multiplexing, data communications-circuits, codes and modems |
| Basic concepts of signal processing and digital filters |
Characteristics of solid state power devices |
|---|
| SCR, Triac, UJT, triggering circuits, converters, choppers, inverters, converters |
| AC-regulators, speed control of A.C. and D.C motors |
| Stepper and synchronous motors; three phase controlled rectifier; switch mode power supply; Uninterrupted power supply |
Optical sources |
|---|
| LED, spontaneous emission, stimulated emission, semiconductor diode LASER, photodetectors-p-n photodiode |
| PIN photodiode, phototransistors, optocouplers, solar cells, display devices, optical fibers-light propagation in fiber, types of fiber, characteristic parameters, modes, fiber splicing, fiber optic communication system-coupling to and from the fiber |
| Fiber optic communication system-modulation, multiplexing, and coding, repeaters, bandwidth and rise time budgets |
Transduces |
|---|
| Resistance, inductance capacitance, piezoelectric, thermoelectric, Hall effect, photoelectric, tachogenerators, measurement of displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, strain, speed and sound temperature, pressure, flow, humidity, thickness |
| PH, position |
| Measuring equipment-measurement of R, L and C, bridge and potentiometers, voltage, current, power, energy, frequency/ time, phase, DVMs, DMMs, CRO, digital storage oscilloscope, logic probes, logic state analyzer, spectrum analyzer, recorder |
| Measuring equipment-noise and interference in instrumentation, instrumentation amplifiers, radio telemetry |
| Analytical instruments-biomedical instruments-ECG, blood pressure measurements, spectrophotometers, electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer |
Open-loop and close-loop control system |
|---|
| Error amplifier, on-off controller, proportional (P), proportional-integral (PI), proportional-derivative (PD), PID controllers, dynamic behaviour of control systems-servomechanism characteristics, parameters of control systems-accuracy, sensitivity |
| Parameters of control systems-disturbances, transient response, stability, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, bode plots, Nyquist criterion, controlling speed. Temperature and position using analog/ digital control circuits |
Definition, principles, and scope of environmental science |
|---|
| Earth, man, and environment |
| Ecosystems, pathways in ecosystems |
| Physico-chemical and biological factors in the environment |
| Geographical classification and zones |
| Structure and composition of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere |
| Mass and energy transfer across the various interfaces, material balance |
| First and second law of thermodynamics, heat transfer processes |
| Scale of meteorology, pressure, temperature, precipitation, humidity, radiation, and wind |
| Atmospheric stability, inversions and mixing heights, wind roses |
| Natural resources, conservation, and sustainable development |
Fundamentals of environmental chemistry |
|---|
| Stoichiometry, Gibbs’ energy, chemical potential, chemical-equilibrium, acid base reactions, solubility product, solubility of gases in water, the carbonate system, unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, radionuclides |
| Chemical composition of air: Classification of elements, chemical speciation. Particles, ions, and radicals in the atmosphere. Chemical processes for formation of inorganic and organic particulate matter |
| Chemical composition of air: Thermochemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Oxygen and ozone chemistry, chemistry of air pollutants, photochemical smog |
| Water chemistry: Chemistry of water, concept of DO, BOD, COD, sedimentation, coagulation, filtration, redox potential |
| Soil Chemistry: Inorganic and organic components of soil, nitrogen pathways, and NPK in soils |
| Toxic chemicals in the environment-air, water: Pesticides in water. Biochemical aspects of arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, carbon monoxide, O₃, and PAN pesticides, insecticides, MIC, carcinogens in the air |
| Principles of analytical methods: Titrimetry, gravimetry, colourimetry, spectrophotometry, chromatography, gas chromatography, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, GLC, HPLC, electrophoresis. X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, flame photometry |
Definition, principles, and scope of ecology |
|---|
| Human ecology and human settlement, evolution, origin of life, and speciation |
| Ecosystems: Structure and functions, abiotic and biotic components, energy flows, food chains, food web, ecological pyramids, types, and diversity. Ecological succession, population, community ecology and parasitism, prey predator relationships |
| Common flora and fauna in India: Aquatic-phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrophytes, terrestrial: Forests |
| Endangered and threatened species: Biodiversity and its conservation-definition, ‘hotspots’ of biodiversity, strategies for biodiversity conservation. National parks and sanctuaries. Gene pool. Microflora of atmosphere: Air sampling techniques |
| Endangered and threatened species: Microflora of atmosphere-identification of aeroallergens. Air-borne diseases and allergies. Environmental biotechnology: Fermentation technology, vermiculture technology, biofertilizer technology |
Environmental geosciences |
|---|
| Fundamental concepts |
| The earth systems and biosphere: Conservation of matter in various geospheres-lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Energy budget of the earth. Earth's thermal environment and seasons. Ecosystems flow of energy and matter |
| The earth systems and biosphere: Coexistence in communities-food webs, earth's major ecosystems-terrestrial and aquatic. General relationship between landscape, biomes and climate. Climates of India, Indian monsoon, El nino, droughts |
| The earth systems and biosphere: Tropical cyclones and western disturbances |
| Earth's processes and geological hazards: Earth’s processes; concept of residence, time and rates of natural cycles. Catastrophic geological hazards. Study of floods, landslides, earthquakes, volcanism and avalanche |
| Earth's processes and geological hazards: Prediction and perception of the hazards and adjustments to hazardous activities |
| Mineral resources and environment: Resources and reserves, minerals and population. Oceans as new areas for exploration of mineral resources. Ocean ore and recycling of resources. Environmental impact of exploitation, processing, and smelting of minerals |
| Water resources and environment: Global water balance. Ice sheets and fluctuations of sea levels. Origin and composition of seawater. Hydrological cycle. Factors influencing the surface water. Types of water. Resources of oceans |
| Water resources and environment: Ocean pollution by toxic wastes. Human use of surface and groundwaters. Groundwater pollution |
| Land Use planning: The land use plan. Soil surveys in relation to land use planning. Methods of site selection and evaluation |
| Environmental geochemistry: Concept of major, trace and REE. Classification of trace elements, mobility of trace elements, geochemical cycles. Biogeochemical factors in environmental health. Human use, trace elements and health |
| Environmental geochemistry: Possible effects of imbalance of some trace elements. Diseases induced by human use of land. Principles of remote sensing and its application of environmental sciences. Application of GIS in environmental management |
Sun as source of energy |
|---|
| Solar radiation and its spectral characteristics: Fossil fuels-classification, composition, physicochemical characteristics and energy content of coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Principles of generation of hydroelectric power, tidal |
| Principles of generation of ocean thermal energy conversion, wind, geothermal energy; solar collectors, photovoltaics, solar ponds; nuclear energy-fission and fusion; magnetohydrodynamic power, bioenergy-energy from biomass and biogas |
| Anaerobic digestion; energy use pattern in different parts of the world |
| Environmental implication of energy use; CO₂, emissions, global warming, air and thermal pollution; radioactive waste and radioactivity from nuclear reactors; impacts of large-scale exploitation of solar, wind, hydro and ocean energy |
Air, water, soil, noise, marine pollution |
|---|
| Air: Natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution. Primary and secondary pollutants. Transport and diffusion of pollutants. Gas laws governing the behaviour of pollutants in the atmosphere |
| Air: Methods of monitoring and control of air pollution SO₂, NOₓ, CO, SPM. Effects of pollutants on human beings, plants, animals, materials and on climate. Acid Rain. Air Quality Standards |
| Water: Types, sources and consequences of water pollution. Physico-chemical and bacteriological sampling and analysis of water quality, standards, sewage and wastewater treatment and recycling. Water quality standard |
| Soil: Physicochemical and bacteriological sampling as analysis of soil quality. Soil pollution control. Industrial waste effluents and heavy metals, their interactions with soil components. Soil microorganisms and their functions |
| Soil: Degradation of different insecticides, fungicides, and weedicides in soil. Different kinds of synthetic fertilizers (NP and K) and their interactions with different components of soil |
| Noise: Sources of noise pollution, measurement of noise and Indices, effect of meteorological parameters on noise propagation. Noise exposure levels and standards. Noise control and abatement measures. Impact of noise on human health |
| Marine: Sources of marine pollution and control. Criteria employed for disposal of pollutants in marine system-coastal management. Radioactive and thermal pollution |
Introduction to environmental impact analysis |
|---|
| Environmental impact statement and environmental management plan |
| EIA guidelines 1994, notification of government of India |
| Impact assessment methodologies |
| Generalized approach to impact analysis |
| Procedure for reviewing environmental impact analysis and statement |
| Guidelines for environmental audit |
| Introduction to environmental planning |
| Baseline information and predictions (land, water, atmosphere, energy, etc) |
| Restoration and rehabilitation technologies |
| Land use policy for India |
| Urban planning for india |
| Rural planning and land use pattern |
| Concept and strategies of sustainable development |
| Cost-benefit analysis |
| Environmental priorities in india and sustainable development |
Sources and generation of solid wastes |
|---|
| Their characterization, chemical composition and classification |
| Different methods of disposal and management of solid wastes (hospital wastes and hazardous wastes) recycling of waste material |
| Waste minimization technologies |
| Hazardous wastes management and handling rules, 1989, resource management, disaster management and risk analysis |
| Environment protection-issues and problems, international and national efforts for environment protection, provision of constitution of India regarding environment (article 48A and 58A) |
| Environmental policy resolution, legislation, public policy strategies in pollution control, wildlife protection act, 1972 amended 1991, forest conservation act, 1980, Indian forests act (revised) 1982 |
| Air (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1981 as amended by amendment act, 1987 and rule 1982, motor vehicle act, 1988, the water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974 as amended up to 1988 and rules 1975 |
| The environment (protection) act, 1986 and rules 1986, scheme of labelling of environmentally friendly products (ecomark), public liability insurance act, 1991 and rules 1991 |
Basic elements and tools of statistical analysis |
|---|
| Probability, sampling, measurement and distribution of attributes; distribution-normal, t and , x², Poisson and binomial; arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means; moments; matrices, simultaneous linear equations; tests of hypothesis and significance |
| Introduction to environmental system analysis; approaches to development of models; linear simple and multiple regression models, validation, and forecasting |
| Models of population growth and interactions-Lotka-Volterra model, Leslie's matrix model, point source stream pollution model, box model, Gaussian plume model |
Environmental education and awareness |
|---|
| Environmental ethics and global imperatives |
| Global environmental problems-ozone depletion, global warming and climatic change |
| Current environmental issue in india |
| Context: Narmada dam, Tehri dam, Almatti dam, soil erosion, formation and reclamation of usar, alkaline, and saline soil |
| Waste lands and their reclamation |
| Desertification and its control |
| Vehicular pollution and urban air quality |
| Depletion of natural resources |
| Biodiversity conservation and agenda-21 |
| Waste disposal, recycling, and power generation, fly ash utilization |
| Water crises-conservation of water |
| Environmental hazards |
| Eutrophication and restoration of indian lakes |
| Rain water harvesting |
| Wetlands conservation |
| Epidemiological issues (example goitre, fluorosis, arsenic) |
Food science |
|---|
| Food groups, food preparation, food preservation, food science and food analysis, food processing |
Nutrition science |
|---|
| Fundamentals of nutrition, nutritional biochemistry, food microbiology, public nutrition, therapeutic nutrition |
Institutional management |
|---|
| Management of hospitality institutes-hospital/ hotel/ restaurant/ café and outdoor catering, management of social institutes-family as institute, child care and geriatric institutes, panchayats, managements of educational institutes-pre-school |
| Managements of educational institutes-primary, and secondary schools, (colleges and universities) higher educational institutes, management of special institutes for physically, mentally, and socially challenged |
| Challenges and problems faced by institutions |
Clothing |
|---|
| Principles of clothing-socio psychological aspects of clothing, selection of fabrics, clothing, and family clothing, clothing, construction-basic principles of drafting, flat pattern, and draping methods, textile design-principles and concepts |
| Fashion design, fashion cycles, business and merchandising, care and maintenance of textile materials and garments; laundry agents-methods and equipments |
Textiles |
|---|
| General properties and fine structure of all textile fibers, processing and manufacture of all natural and man-made fibers, definition and classification of yarns; identification of yarns and its use in various fabrics, fabric construction |
| Definition and types of woven, non-woven, knitted and other construction techniques, testings of fibers, yarns and fabric; importance of quality control and research institutes |
Resource management |
|---|
| Concept of home management and steps management of human resources; classification of resources; basis characteristics of resources, decision making in family; steps in decision making; methods of resolving conflicts, work simplification |
| Importance of work simplification in home; Mundel’s classes of change; simple pen and pencil technique in work simplification, housing, interior design, principles of interior design, various colours and colour scheme |
| Household equipment-selection and care |
Human development |
|---|
| Child development-principles and stages, lifespan development-theories of human development and behaviour, child rearing, socialization practices, and dynamics, early childhood care and education-emerging trends |
| Development problems and disabilities during childhood and adolescence, guidance and counseling, advanced child study methods and assessment, women’s studies, family welfare programme-recent approaches |
Non-formal education and extension education |
|---|
| History and development of home science in formal/ non-formal and extension education, theory and practices of programmes/ curriculum planning and development, management and administration of formal/ non-formal and extension education |
| Monitoring, supervision, and evaluation of formal, non-formal and extension education, vocationalization of home science in India |
| Theories and principles of guidance and counseling in formal/ non-formal/ extension, problems and challenges encountered in formal/ non-formal/ extension |
Development and educational communication |
|---|
| Concept and classification of communication, traditional methods and materials of communication-selection/ preparation/ use, modern methods and materials of communication-selection/ preparation/ use, strategies for development communication |
| Classroom communications in home science trends, communication for publicity and public relations, change and challenges in communication in contemporary society |
Methods of research |
|---|
| Trends in research in home science, research designs, types of research, sampling techniques, selection and preparation of tools for data collection, type of variables and their selection, data collection and classification/ coding |
| Analysis of data through parametric and non-parametric statistics, report writing-presentation of data, interpretation, and discussion |
Information, information science, information society |
|---|
| Information as a resource/ commodity, information transfer cycle-generation, collection, storage, and dissemination, role of information in planning, management, socio economic development, technology transfer, communication-channels, barriers |
| Intellectual property rights-concept, copyright, censorship-print and non-print media, library and information policy at the national level |
Laws of library science |
|---|
| Library resource sharing and networking, library movement and library legislation to India, library extension services, library and information science education in India, library and information profession |
| Library associations in India, UK, and USA-ILA, IASLIC, IATUIS, SIS, LA, ASLIB, SLA, and ALA, library associations organizations at international level-FID, IFLA, and UNESCO |
Sources of information |
|---|
| Primary, secondary, and tertiary-documentary and ‘non-documentary, Reference sources-encyclopedias, dictionaries, geographical sources, biographical sources, year-books/ almanacs, directories, and, handbooks, statistical (salient features and evaluation) |
| Bibliographical sources-bibliographies, union catalogues, indexing and abstracting journals (salient features and evaluation), e-documents, e-books, e-journals, databases-bibliographic, numeric, and full text-evaluation |
Reference and information services, referral service |
|---|
| Bibliographic service, indexing and abstracting service, CAS, SDI, digest, service, trend report, online services, translation services, reprographic services |
Organization of knowledge/ information |
|---|
| Modes of formation of subjects, library classification-canons and principles, library classification schemes-DDC, UDC, and CC, library cataloguing-canons and principles, library cataloguing codes-CCC and AACR-II |
| Bibliographic records-international standards-ISBDS, MARC, and CCF, indexing-pre-coordinate, post-coordinate, vocabulary control-thesaurus, lists of subject headings, databases-search strategies, Boolean operators, knowledge management |
Management |
|---|
| Principles, functions, schools of thought, planning, organization structure, decision making, system study-analysis, evaluation and design, collection development-books, serials, non-book materials-selection, acquisition, maintenance; ISBN, ISSN |
| Collection development-Cataloguing-In-Publication (CIP), human resources management-manpower planning, job analysis, job, description, selection, recruitment, motivation training and development, staff manual, leadership and performance evaluation |
| Delegation of authority, financial management-resource generation, types of budgeting, cost and cost-benefit analysis, PERT, CPM, library buildings and equipments, performance evaluation of libraries/ information centers and services |
| Marketing information product and services, total quality management (TQM) |
Information technology |
|---|
| Components; impact of IT on society, computers-hardware, software, storage devices, input/ output devices, telecommunication-transmission media, switching systems, bandwidth, multiplexing, modulation, protocols, wireless communication, fax, e-mail |
| Teleconferencing/ video-conferencing, Bulletin board service, teletext; videotext, voice mail, networking-concepts, topologies, types-LAN, MAN, and WAN, hypertext, hypermedia, multimedia, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) |
| Open systems interconnection (OSI) |
Library automation |
|---|
| Areas of automation, planning, hardware and software selection, OPAC, networks-ERNET, NICNET, DELNET, JANET, BLAISE, OCLC, INFLIBNET, INTERNET-components, services, browsing-web browsers, search engines, meta-data, digital object identifier (DOI) |
| National and international information systems-NISSAT, NASSDOC, INSDOC, DESIDOC, INIS, AGRIS, MEDLARS, INSPEC |
Types of research |
|---|
| Basic, applied, interdisciplinary, research design, scientific method, hypotheses, data collection, sampling, methods of research-historical, descriptive, case study, survey, comparative and experimental |
| Statistical methods, data analysis, report writing, research methods in library and information science and services bibliometrics |
Types of libraries |
|---|
| National, public, academic, and special objectives, structure and functions, digital libraries-concept virtual libraries-concept, types of users, user studies, user education |
| Role of UGC in the growth and development of libraries and information centers in institutions of higher education in India, role of Raja Rammohan Roy Library Foundation (RRLF) |
Managerial economics |
|---|
| Demand analysis, production function, cost-output relations, market structures, pricing theories, advertising, macroeconomics, national income concepts, infrastructure-management and policy, business environment, capital budgeting |
The concept and significance of organizational behaviour |
|---|
| Skills and roles in an organization, classical, neoclassical, and modern theories of organizational structure, organizational design, understanding and managing individual behaviour personality, perception, values, attitudes, learning, motivation |
| Understanding and managing group behaviour, processes, interpersonal and group dynamics, communication, leadership, managing change, managing conflicts |
| Organizational development |
Concepts and perspectives in HRM |
|---|
| HRM in changing environment, human resource planning-objectives, process, and techniques, job analysis-job description, selecting human resources, induction, training, and development, exit policy and implications, performance appraisal and evaluation |
| Potential assessment, job evaluation, wage determination, industrial relations and trade unions, dispute resolution and grievance management, labour welfare and social security measures |
Financial management |
|---|
| Nature and scope, valuation concepts and valuation of securities, capital budgeting decisions-risk analysis, capital structure and cost of capital, dividend policy-determinants, long-term and short-term financing instruments, mergers, and acquisitions |
Marketing environment and environment scanning |
|---|
| Marketing information systems and marketing research; understanding consumer and industrial markets; demand measurement and forecasting; market, segmentation-targeting and positioning; product decisions, product mix, product life cycle |
| New product development; branding and packaging; pricing methods and strategies |
| Promotion decisions-promotion mix; advertising; personal selling; channel management; vertical marketing systems; evaluation and control of marketing effort; marketing of services; customer relation management |
| Uses of internet as a marketing medium-other related issues like branding, market development, advertising and retailing on the net |
| New issues in marketing |
Role and scope of production management |
|---|
| Facility location; layout planning and analysis; production planning and control-production process analysis; demand forecasting for operations; determinants of product mix; production scheduling; work measurement; time and motion study |
| Statistical quality control |
| Role and scope of operations research; linear programming; sensitivity analysis; duality; transportation model; inventory control; queueing theory; decision theory; Markov analysis; PERT/ CPM |
Probability theory |
|---|
| Probability distributions-binomial, Poisson, normal and exponential; correlation and regression analysis; sampling theory; sampling distributions; tests of hypothesis; large and small samples; t, z, F, chi-square tests |
| Use of computers in managerial applications; technology issues and data processing in organizations; information systems; MIS and decision making; system analysis and design; trends in information technology; internet and internet-based applications |
Concept of corporate strategy |
|---|
| Components of strategy formulation; Ansoff's growth vector; BCG model; Porter's generic strategies; competitor analysis; strategic dimensions and group mapping; industry analysis; strategies in industry evolution, fragmentation, maturity, and decline |
| Competitive strategy and corporate strategy; transnationalization of world economy; managing cultural diversity; global entry strategies; globalization of financial system and services; managing international business; competitive advantage of nations |
| Rtp and wto |
Concepts |
|---|
| Types, characteristics; motivation; competencies and its development; innovation and entrepreneurship; small business-concepts government policy for promotion of small and tiny enterprises; process of business opportunity identification |
| Detailed business plan preparation; managing small enterprises; planning for growth; sickness in small enterprises; rehabilitation of sick enterprises; entrepreneurship (organizational entrepreneurship) |
Ethics and management system |
|---|
| Ethical issues and analysis in management; value based organizations; personal framework for ethical choices; ethical pressure on individual in organizations; gender issues; ecological consciousness; environmental ethics |
| Social responsibilities of business; corporate governance and ethics |
Communication and journalism |
|---|
| Basic terms, concepts, and definition, nature, and process, types of communication, mass communication-nature of media and content, mass communication in India-reach, access, and nature of audience |
Role of media in society |
|---|
| Characteristics of Indian society-demographic and sociological impact of media in general, impact of media on specific audiences-women, children, etc |
| Mass media effects studies and their limitations, mass campaigns for specific issues-social concerns, environment, human rights, gender equality, the press, radio, television, cinema, and traditional form of communication |
Journalism as a profession |
|---|
| Journalists-their role and responsibilities Indian constitution, and freedom of press, research restrictions, ethics, and journalism, careers in journalism and mass media, training-problems, perception and response by the industry |
| Media management-principles and practices, professional organizations in media, media laws in India |
History of print and broadcast media in general with particular reference to India |
|---|
| Post-independent developments in print, newspapers-English and Indian language press-major landmarks, magazines-their role, book phase, and contemporary situation, small newspapers-problems and prospects, press commission |
| Press councils-their recommendations and status, development of radio after independence-extension role, radio rural forums and local broadcasting-general and specific audience programmes, development of television-perception |
| Development of television-initial development and experimental approach; SITE phase and evaluation; expansion of television-post-asiad phase, issues concerns and debates over a period of time |
| Committees in broadcasting-background recommendations and implementation, cinema-historical overview and contemporary analysis-commercial, parallel, and documentary genres-problems and prospects for the film industry |
Communication and theories of social change |
|---|
| Role of media in social change-dominant paradigms, critique of the dominant paradigm and alternative conception, development initiatives-state, market and the third force (NGO sector) |
| Participatory approaches and community media-ownership and management perspectives |
Introduction of research methods and process |
|---|
| Mass communication research-historical overview, administrative and critical traditions, effects research-strengths and limitations, communication research in India-landmark studies related to site, content analysis-quantitative and qualitative approaches |
| Market research and its relationship to communication particularly advertising, sampling techniques-strengths and limitations, statistical methods of analysis basics |
Colonial structures of communication |
|---|
| Decolonization and aspirations of nations, conflicts related to media coverage and representation, international news agencies-critique, MacBride commission-recommendations and policy options |
| Contemporary issues related to transnational broadcasting and its impact on culture, various perspectives and cultural impact, convergence of media-problems and options, media policies in an international context |
| India's position and approach to international communication issues |
Radio and TV and video as media of communication |
|---|
| Grammar of TV and radio and video, the production team, role of producer, different types of programmes, writing for radio, writing for TV-researching for scripts, the visual language, camera movements, basic theories of composition-cues and commands |
| Formats for radio-television-news, sitcoms, features, commercials, operas, documentaries, cinema, theatre, drama, editing theory and practice, sound design, microphones, sets and lighting satellite, cable television, computers, microchips |
Advertising |
|---|
| Marketing, ad copy and layout, public relations, public opinion, propaganda |
The techniques |
|---|
| Different forms of writing, printing technology and production methods, news agencies, syndicates, and freelancing, specialized areas of journalism |
Technical-terminology |
|---|
| Nada, Shruti, Swara, Grama-Moorchana, Jati, Raga, Tala, Tan, Gamak, Gandharva-Gaan, Marga-Desi, Giti, Gaan, Varna, Alankar, melody, harmony, musical scales, musical intervals, consonance-dissonance, harmonics |
| Western and south Indian terminology and their explanation, drone, Alpatva-Bahutva, Abirbhav-Tirobhav, Uthan, Peshkar, Kayda, Rela, Rang, Laggi, Ladi, Farshbandi, Tala, Laya, Matra, Avartan, Vibhag, Sashabda Kriya, Nishabda Kriya, Theka, Saral Gat |
| Adi Gat, Chakradhar Gat, Farmaishi Gat and other variety of Gats and Kayadas, Upanga, Bhashanga, Gita, Kriti, Kirtana, Jatiswara, Pada, Swarajathi, Ragamalika, Tillana, Nyasa, Amsa, Prasa, Yati, Anuprasa, Alapana, Neraval, Sangati and other terms |
| Gitinatya, Nritya-natya, Baitalik, VarshaMangal, Basantotsav, Gita-Bitana, Swara-Bitana, Akarmatrik notation, Masitkhani and Rajakhani Gat |
Applied theory |
|---|
| Detailed and critical study of Ragas, classification of Ragas, that is, Grama Raga vargikaran, Mela Raga Vargikaran, Raga-Ragini Vargikaran, Thata Raga Vargikaran, and Raganga Vargikaran, time-theory of Ragas |
| Application of melody and harmony in Indian music, placement of Shuddha and Vikrit Swaras on Shruties in ancient, medieval, and modern period |
| Detailed knowledge of prevalent talas of Hindustani music, knowledge of tala Dasa Pranas and Marga and Desi talas of ancient period, the original principles of making Tihai, Chakradhar Gat, Chakradhar Paran |
| Comparative study of Hindustani and Carnatic tala system with special reference to ten pranas of tala, detailed study of different layakaris viz, Dugun, Tiguan, Chaugun, Ada, Kuada Viyada and method to apply them in compositions |
| Tagore’s treatment of Hindustani ragas and raginis, elements of Hindustani classical music, Karnatak music, Western music, music from other provinces, folk music and Kirtan of Bengal and their influence on Tagore’s treatment of ragas |
Compositional forms and their evolution |
|---|
| Prabandha, Dhrupada, Khyal, Dhamar, Thumri, Tappa, Tarana, Chaturang, Trivat, Vrindagana, Vrinda Vadan, Javeli, Kriti, Tillana, Alap, Varnam (Pad Varnam and Tana Varnam), Padam, Ragam, Tanam, Pallavi, Gita, Varna, Swarajit, Kalpita, Sangita, Ragamalika |
| Narvallu, Swara Kalpana (Manodharma Sangeet), Tevaram, Divya Prabandham, Thiruppugazh |
| Main forms of rabindra sangeet |
| Akarmatrik notation system |
| Knowledge of devanagari script |
| History of music of bengal |
Gharanas and gayaki |
|---|
| Origin and development of gharanas in hindustani music and their contribution in preserving and promoting traditional hindustani classical music |
| Merits and demerits of gharana system |
| Origin and development of Gharana in instrumental music and percussion and their contribution in promoting traditional Indian classical music merits and demerits of Gharana system |
| Study of the traditions and specialities of different Gharanas in vocal, instrument and percussion group |
| Desirability and possibility of gharanas in contemporary music |
| Guru shishya parampara and different styles of singing and playing in Carnatic music |
| An overall survey of Rabindra Nath Tagore’s musical creativity, tonal and rhythmic varieties of Tagore’s musical compositions including his own experimental variations |
| Periods and phases of Tagore’s musical. (chronological order may be maintained) |
| The cultural atmosphere of Tagore’s family (Pathuriaghata and Jorasanko, Calcutta) thematic variations of Tagore’s Music: (Puja, Swadesh, Prem, Prakriti, Vichitra, Anusthanik) |
Contribution of scholars to Indian music and their textual tradition |
|---|
| Narad, Bharat, Dattil, Matanga, Sharangadeve, Nanyadeve, and others |
| Lochan, Ramamatya, Pundarik Vitthal, Somnath, Damodar Mishra, Ahobal, Hridaya Narain Deva, Vynkatmakhi, Sriniwas, Pt. Bhatkhande, Pt. V. D. Paluskar, Pt. Omkarnath Thakur, K. C. D. Brahaspati, Dr. Premlata Sharma, and others |
| Study of ancient, medieval, and modern treatises in percussion instruments like Bharat Natyashastra, Sangeet Samaysar, Radha Govind Sangit Sar, Madrul Mosiqui, Bhartiya Vadyoon Ka Itihas, sangeet Shastra, Bhartiya Sangeet Mei Taal aur Roop |
| Abhinav Tala Manjari, Bhartiya Sangeet Vadya, and other treatises |
| Contribution of various scholars to percussion instruments like Kudau Singh, Bhagwan Das, Raja Chatrapati Singh, Anokhe Lal, medieval, and modern period |
| Tagore’s musical dramas (gitinatyas) and dance-dramas (nrityanatyas); example, Valmiki Pratibha, Kalmrigaya, Mayar Khela, Chitrangada, Chandalika, Shyama and other dramas full of various songs, that is, dramas like Prayaschita, Visarjan, Saradotsava |
| Raja, Phalguni, Tasher Desh, Vasanta etc |
| Tagore’s musical creativity in Gitabitan, part I, II, III, Swarabitan (notation books) Part I-63, Sangee-Chinta (Vishva-Bharti) |
| Contribution of prominent Karnataka scholars, composers, and performers and their medieval and modern period like, work such as Ramayana, Venkatamakhi, Tyagaraja, Muttu-Swami Dikshitara, Shyama Sastri, Gopal Krishna Bharati, Prof. Sambamoorthy |
| Papanasam Sivan, Vasantha Kumari, Subbulakshmi, Ramari, T. N. Krishnan, and others |
Historical perspective of music |
|---|
| A study of the historical development of Hindustani music (vocal, instrumental, percussion), Karnatak music and Rabindra Sangeet in ancient, medieval, and modern period |
| Contribution of western scholars to indian music |
Aesthetics |
|---|
| Its origin, expression and appreciation: Principle of aesthetics and its relation to Indian music |
| Rasa theory and its application to indian music |
| Relationship of musical aesthetics and Rasa to Hindustani music (vocal, instrumental, and percussion), Karnatak music and Rabindra Sangeet |
| Interrelationship of fine arts with special reference to Rag-Ragini Paintings, Dhyan of Ragas and others |
| Bibliography of Rabindranath Tagore |
Instrument/ dance |
|---|
| Origin, evolution, structure of various instruments and their well-known exponents of Hindustani (Vocal, instruments, and percussion), Karnatac music and Rabindra Sangeet |
| Importance of tanpura and its harmonics |
| Classification of instruments of Hindustani, Karnatac music in ancient, medieval, and modern period |
| Popular instruments used in rabindra sangeet |
| Elementary knowledge of Indian dances like Kathak, Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali etc |
Folk music |
|---|
| Influence of folk music on Indian classical music, stylisation of folk melodies into ragas |
| Popular folk tunes and folk dances of Hindustani, Karnatak, and Rabindra Sangeet, such as Baul, Bhatiyali, Lavani, Garba, Kajri, Chaity, Maand, Bhangra, Gidda, Jhoomar, Swang, Pandwani, Amar-Praner Manush Acchhe Prane, Amar Sonar Bangla, Kirtan |
| Popular folk tunes and folk dances of Hindustani, Karnatak, and Rabindra Sangeet, such as Sari, Rai Beshe, Jhumur, Karakattam, Kavadi Attam, Villupattu, Naiyandi Melam and other prominent folk forms |
| Analysis of the elements of Hindustani folk music, Karnataka folk music or South Indian, folk music and Rabindra folk Sangeet or folk music of Bengal and the elements regarding their interrelationship |
| General study of the folk music of various regions of India like Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Maharashtra, Bengal, and South India |
Music teaching and research technologies |
|---|
| Guru Shishya Parampara, sangeet-Sampradaya Pradarshini and the institutional system of music teaching with reference to Hindustani, Karnatak music and Rabindra Sangeet |
| Utility of teaching aids like electronic equipments in music education with reference to Hindustani, Karnatak music and Rabindra Sangeet |
| The methodologies of music research, preparing synopsis, data collection, field work, writing project reports, finding bibliography, reference material etc with reference to Hindustani, Karnatak music and Rabindra Sangeet |
| Study of interrelation between textual and oral tradition |
General information |
|---|
Eminent poets and poetesses |
|---|
Important prose works |
|---|
Periods |
|---|
Eminent poets and poetesses |
|---|
Periods |
|---|
Important prose works |
|---|
General information |
|---|
Eminent authors |
|---|
Famous poets and poetesses |
|---|
Literary history of Persia |
|---|
History of Iranian literature |
|---|
Persian literature at Mughal court |
|---|
Post-revolutionary Persian verse |
|---|
Introduction to definition, aim, and objectives of physical education and other terms |
|---|
| Health education and recreation |
| Philosophies of education as applied to physical education-idealism, naturalism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism, humanism |
| Biological basis of physical activity-benefits of exercise, growth, and exercise, exercise and well-being sex and age characteristics of adolescent, body types |
| Psychological basis of physical education-play and play theories, general principles of growth and development, principles of motor-skill acquisition, transfer of training, effects |
| Sociological basis of physical education-socialization process, social nature of men and physical activity, sports as cultural heritage of mankind, customs, traditions and sport, competition and cooperation |
| Physical education in ancient Greece, Rome, and contemporary Germany, Sweden, Denmark, and Russia |
| Olympic movement-historical development of ancient and modern Olympic games |
| Physical education in india |
| Factors influencing performance in sports |
| Bioenergetics and recovery process |
| Athletic injuries-their management and rehabilitation |
| Therapeutic modalities |
| Cryogenic aids and doping |
Physiology of muscular activity, neurotransmission, and movement mechanism, physiology of respiration |
|---|
| Physiology of blood circulation |
Joints and their movements |
|---|
| Planes and axes |
| Kinetics, kinematics-linear and angular, levers |
| Laws of motion, principles of equilibrium and force, spin, and elasticity |
| Posture, postural deformities, and their correction |
| Muscular analysis of motor movement |
| Mechanical analysis of various sports activities |
| Mechanical analysis of fundamental movements-(funning, jumping, throwing, pulling, and pushing) |
| Massage manipulation and therapeutic exercises |
Learning process-theories and laws of learning |
|---|
| Motivation, theories and dynamics of motivation in sports |
| Psychological factors affecting sports performance-viz., stress, anxiety, tension, and aggression |
| Personality, its dimensions, theories, personality and performance |
| Individual differences and their impact on skill learning, and performance |
| Group dynamics, team cohesion, and leadership in sports |
| Sociometrics, economics, and polities in sports |
| Media and sports |
Development of teacher education in physical education |
|---|
| Professional courses in sports and physical education in india |
| Professional ethics |
| Qualities and qualifications of physical educational personnel |
| Principles of curriculum planning |
| Course content for academic and professional courses |
| Age characteristics of pupils and selection of activities |
| Construction of class and school physical education time table |
Health |
|---|
| Guiding principles of health and health education |
| Nutrition, and dietary manipulations |
| Health-related fitness, obesity and its management |
| Environmental and occupational hazards and first aid |
| Communicable diseases-their preventive and therapeutic aspect |
| School health programme and personal hygiene |
| Theories and principles of recreation |
| Recreation programme for various categories of people |
Characteristics and principles of sports training |
|---|
| Training load and patronization |
| Training methods and specific training programme for development of various motor qualities |
| Technical and tactical preparation for sports |
| Short-term and long-term training plans |
| Sports talent identification-process and procedures |
| Preparing for competition-(build up competitions, main competition, competition frequency, psychological preparation) |
| Rules of games and sports and their interpretations |
Nature, scope, and type of research |
|---|
| Formulation and selection of research problem |
| Sampling-process and techniques |
| Methods of research |
| Data collection-tools and techniques |
| Statistical techniques of data analysis-measures of central tendency and variability, correlation, normal probability curve, t-test and f-tests, chi-square, z-test |
| Hypothesis-formulation, types and testing |
| Whiting research report |
Concept of test, measurement, and evaluation |
|---|
| Principles of measurement and evaluation |
| Construction and classification of tests |
| Criteria of test evaluation |
| Concepts and assessment of physical fitness, motor fitness, motor ability and motor educability |
| Skill test for badminton, basketball, hockey, lawn-tennis, soccer, volleyball |
| Testing psychological variables-competitive anxiety, aggression, team cohesion, motivation, self-concept |
| Anthropometric measurements and body composition |
Concept and principles of management |
|---|
| Organization and functions of sports bodies |
| Intramurals and extramurals |
| Management of infrastructure, equipments, finance and personnel |
| Methods and techniques of teaching |
| Principles of planning physical education lessons |
| Pupil-teacher interaction and relationship |
| Concept of techniques of supervision |
Evolution of social work profession |
|---|
| Impact of social reform movements: factors that influenced the emergence of method approach in social work practice: Social work profession and human rights |
| Philosophy and principles of social work and their application |
| System approach to social work practice: Role of social work in the remedial, preventive and developmental models |
| Definition, relevance and scope of integrated approach to social we practice, skills and techniques |
| Social work education-content, training, supervision, problems and challenges |
Meaning and characteristics of society, community, social group and social institution |
|---|
| Social structure and social stratification; theories of social change and social disorganization |
| Tribal, rural, and urban communities, weaker and vulnerable sections and minority groups |
| Population, poverty, unemployment, under developments; problems of developing economies and consequences of new economic policy |
| Concept of welfare state, Indian constitution-features, problems, fundamental rights and directive principles and planning in India-five-year plans |
| Concept and causative factors of Indian social problems-analysis |
| Intervention in social problems-government and voluntary efforts at micro-and macro-level |
| Role of the social workers in identifying social problems and development of appropriate strategies |
Human behaviour, human needs, human motivation and problems of human behaviour and coping mechanisms |
|---|
| Human growth and development in the lifespan of individual |
| Learning, socialization, and theories of personality |
Case work |
|---|
| Concept, objectives, and principles |
| Social case work process-intake, study, social diagnosis, treatment, termination, and evaluation |
| Approaches in case work-psychoanalytical, psychosocial, problem solving, behaviour modification, crisis intervention, eclectic approach |
| Techniques and skills in social case work: Interviews, home visit, resource mobilization, referral, environmental modification, case work relationship, communication, types of recordings in case work |
| Role of social case worker in various settings |
Concept of group work |
|---|
| Assumptions, definition and goals of group work |
| Principles, skills, and values of social group work |
| Stages of group development and use of programmes for group development: Orientation stage, working stage, termination stage, programme planning, implementation and evaluation |
| Study of group process-group dynamics, member's behaviour, leadership, and role of the worker in various settings |
| Approaches and models in group work practice-therapeutic/ social ‘treatment |
| Development group and task-oriented group |
Concept, principles and objectives of community organization |
|---|
| Approaches in community organization-models, strategies, and role of social worker in each of the approaches |
| Community development and community organization |
| Social action in community organization-concept, purpose, and techniques |
| Community organization as a para-political process-networking, conscientisation, planning and organizing, roles and strategies of social movements-types and role of NGOS |
Definition, nature, scope, and purposes of social work research |
|---|
| Research designs, types, and methods |
| Steps in social work research-problem formulation, operationalisation of variables, sampling, tools and techniques of data collection, data analysis, and report writing |
| Role and responsibilities of the researcher |
| Statistics-its use and limitation in social work research (measures of central tendency, chi-square test, t-test, correlation |
Social policy |
|---|
| Concept and scope, distinction between social and economic policies, place of ideology and values |
| Evolution of social policy in India; review of major policies and programmes, viz., education, health, shelter, environment, social security, employment, family, child, women and youth welfare, welfare of the weaker sections, elderly and disabled |
| Characteristics of social welfare organizations-size, nature, design, legal status, rules, and procedure and overall policy |
| Management of social welfare organizations (government and voluntary )-home relation, financial relation and physical relation |
| Programme and project management-identifying overall and specific needs, project formulations, monitoring and evaluation, recording and accountability |
Concept of social justice |
|---|
| Its relationship with social legislation; civil rights; human rights; and issues of social justice |
| Legislations pertaining to women and children |
| Legislations pertaining to social defence, social security, and social assistance |
| Legislations pertaining to people with disability, the underprivileged and health related legislations |
| Role of social worker in promoting social legislation and social justice |
Social development |
|---|
| Social development-meaning, concept, and indicators |
| Approaches and strategies-growth and equity, minimum needs, quality of life |
| Global efforts for human development, concept of sustainable development |
| Social work and social development |
| Problems of social development in india |
The earth and the solar system |
|---|
| Milky way and the solar system |
| Modern theories on the origin of the earth and other planetary bodies |
| Earth's orbital parameters, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, geological time scale; space and time scales of processes in the solid earth, atmosphere, and oceans |
| Age of the earth |
| Radioactive isotopes and their applications in earth sciences |
| Basic principles of stratigraphy |
| Theories about the origin of life and the nature of fossil record |
| Earth's gravity and magnetic fields, and its thermal structure: Concept of geoid and, spheroid; isostasy |
Earth materials, surface features, and processes |
|---|
| Gross composition and physical properties of important minerals and rocks; properties and processes responsible for mineral concentrations; nature and distribution of rocks and minerals in different units of the earth and different parts of India |
Surface features, and processes |
|---|
| Physiography of the earth; weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition of earth's material; formation of soil, sediments and sedimentary rocks; energy balance of the earth's surface processes; physiographic features and river basins in India |
Interior of the earth, deformation, and tectonics |
|---|
| Basic concepts of seismology and internal structure of the earth |
| Physico-chemical and seismic properties of earth's interior |
| Concepts of stress and strain |
| Behaviour of rocks under stress; folds, joints, and faults |
| Earthquakes-their causes and measurement |
| Interplate and intraplate seismicity |
| Paleomagnetism, sea floor spreading, and plate tectonics |
Oceans and atmosphere |
|---|
| Hypsography of the continents and ocean floor-continental shelf, slope, rise, and abyssal plains |
| Physical and chemical properties of sea water and their spatial variations |
| Residence times of elements in seawater |
| Ocean currents, waves and tides, important current systems, thermohaline circulation, and the oceanic conveyor belt |
| Major water masses of the world's oceans |
| Biological productivity in the oceans |
| Motion of fluids, waves in atmospheric and oceanic systems |
| Atmospheric turbulence and boundary layer |
| Structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, lapse rate, and stability, scale height, geopotential, greenhouse gases, and global warming |
| Cloud formation and precipitation processes, air-sea interactions on different space and time scales |
| Insolation and heat budget, radiation balance, general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean |
| Climatic and sea level changes on different time scales |
| Coupled ocean-atmosphere system, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) |
| General weather systems of India-monsoon system, cyclone and jet stream, western disturbances and severe local convective systems, distribution of precipitation over India |
| Marine and atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion |
Environmental earth sciences |
|---|
| Properties of water; hydrological cycle; water resources and management |
| Energy resources, uses, degradation, alternatives, and management; ecology and biodiversity |
| Impact of use of energy and land on the environment |
| Exploitation and conservation of mineral and other natural resources |
| Natural hazards |
| Elements of remote sensing |
Mineralogy and petrology |
|---|
| Concept of point group, space group, reciprocal lattice, diffraction, and imaging |
| Concepts of crystal field theory and mineralogical spectroscopy |
| TEM and SEM applications |
| Lattice defects (point, line, and planar) |
| Electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of minerals |
| Bonding and crystal structures of common oxides, sulphides, and silicates |
| Transformation of minerals-polymorphism, polytypism, and polysomatism |
| Solid solution and exsolution |
| Steady-state geotherms |
| Genesis, properties, emplacement, and crystallization of magmas |
| Phase equilibrium studies of simple systems, effect of volatiles on melt equilibrium |
| Magma mixing,-mingling, and-immiscibility |
| Metamorphic structures and textures; isograds and facies |
| Mineral reactions with condensed phases, solid solutions, mixed volatile equilibrium, and thermobarometry |
| Metamorphism of pelites, mafic-ultramafic rocks, and siliceous dolomites |
| Material transport during metamorphism |
| P-T-T path in regional metamorphic terrains, plate tectonics, and metamorphism |
| Petrogenetic aspects of important rock suites of India, such as the Deccan traps, layered intrusive complexes, anorthosites, carbonatites, charnockites, kimberlites, ophiolites and granitoids |
Structural geology and geotectonics |
|---|
| Theory of stress and strain |
| Behaviour of rocks under stress |
| Mohr circle |
| Various states of stress and their representation by mohr circles |
| Different types of failure and sliding criteria |
| Geometry and mechanics of fracturing and conditions for reactivation of pre-existing discontinuities |
| Common types of finite strain ellipsoids |
| L-, l-s-, and s-tectonic fabrics |
| Techniques of strain analysis |
| Particle paths and flow patterns |
| Progressive strain history |
| Introduction to deformation mechanisms |
| Role of fluids in deformation processes |
| Geometry and analyses of brittle-ductile and ductile shear zones |
| Sheath folds |
| Geometry and mechanics of development of folds, boudins, foliations, and lineations |
| Interference patterns of superposed fold |
| Fault-related folding |
| Gravity induced structures |
| Tectonic features of extensional-, compressional-, and strike-slip terranes, and relevance to plate boundaries |
Paleontology and its applications |
|---|
| Theories on origin of life |
| Organic evolution-punctuated equilibrium and phyletic gradualism models |
| Mass extinctions and their causes |
| Application of fossils in age determination and correlation |
| Paleoecology, life habitats, and various ecosystems, paleobiogeography |
| Modes of preservation of fossils and taphonomic considerations |
| Types of microfossils |
| Environmental significance of fossils and trace fossils |
| Use of microfossils in interpretation of seafloor tectonism |
| Application of micropaleontology in hydrocarbon exploration |
| Oxygen and carbon isotope studies of microfossils and their use in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic interpretation |
| Important invertebrate fossils, vertebrate fossils, plant fossils, and microfossils in Indian stratigraphy |
Sedimentology and stratigraphy |
|---|
| Clastic sediments-gravel, sand, and mud; biogenic, chemical, and volcanogenic sediments |
| Classification of conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones, and carbonate rocks |
| Flow regimes and processes of sediment transport |
| Sedimentary textures and structures |
| Sedimentary facies and environments, reconstruction of paleoenvironments |
| Formation and evolution of sedimentary basins |
| Diagenesis of siliciclastic and carbonate rocks |
| Recent developments in stratigraphic classification |
| Code of stratigraphic nomenclature-stratotypes, global boundary stratotype sections and points (GSSP) |
| Lithostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic subdivisions |
| Methods of stratigraphic correlation including Shaw’s graphic correlation |
| Concept of sequence stratigraphy |
| Rates of sediment accumulation, unconformities |
| Facies concept in stratigraphy-Walther’s law |
| Methods for paleogeographic reconstruction |
| Earth’s climatic history |
| Phanerozoic stratigraphy of India with reference to the type areas-their correlation with equivalent formations in other regions |
| Boundary problems in indian phanerozoic stratigraphy |
Marine geology and paleoceanography |
|---|
| Morphologic and tectonic domains of the ocean floor |
| Structure, composition, and mechanism of the formation of oceanic crust |
| Hydrothermal vents-ocean margins and their significance |
| Ocean circulation, Coriolis effect and Ekman spiral, convergence, divergence and upwelling, El Nino |
| Indian ocean dipole thermohaline circulation and oceanic conveyor belt |
| Formation of bottom waters; major water masses of the world’s oceans |
| Oceanic sediments: Factors controlling the deposition and distribution of oceanic sediments; geochronology of oceanic sediments, diagenetic changes in oxic and anoxic environments |
| Tectonic evolution of the ocean basins |
| Mineral resources |
| Paleoceanography-approaches to paleoceanographic reconstructions; various proxy indicators for paleoceanographic interpretation |
| Reconstruction of monsoon variability by using marine proxy records opening and closing of ocean gateways and their effect on circulation, and climate during the Cenozoic |
| Sea level processes and sea level changes |
| Methods of paleo sea surface temperature |
| Quantifications |
Geochemistry |
|---|
| Structure and atomic properties of elements, the periodic table; ionic substitution in minerals; phase rule and its applications in petrology, thermodynamics of reactions involving pure phases, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and fluids |
| Equilibrium and distribution coefficients |
| Nucleation and diffusion processes in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary environments, redox reactions and Eh-pH diagrams, and their applications |
| Mineral/ mineral assemblages as ‘sensors’ of ambient environments |
| Geochemical studies of aerosols, surface-, marine-, and ground waters |
| Radioactive decay schemes and their application to geochronology and petrogenesis |
| Stable isotopes and their application to earth system processes; geochemical cycles |
Economic geology |
|---|
| Magmatic, hydrothermal and surface processes of ore formation |
| Metallogeny and its relation to crustal evolution; active ore-forming systems, methods of mineral deposit studies including ore microscopy, fluid inclusions and isotopic systematics; ores and metamorphism cause and effect relationships |
| Geological setting, characteristics, and genesis of ferrous, base and noble metals |
| Origin, migration, and entrapment of petroleum; properties of source and reservoir rocks; structural, stratigraphic and combination traps |
| Methods of petroleum exploration |
| Petroliferous basins of india |
| Origin of peat, lignite, bitumen, and anthracite |
| Classification, rank and grading of coal; coal petrography, coal resources of India |
| Gas hydrates and coal bed methane |
| Nuclear and non-conventional energy resources |
Precambrian geology and crustal evolution |
|---|
| Evolution of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere; lithological, geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of granite-greenstone and granulite belts |
| Stratigraphy and geochronology of the cratonic nuclei, mobile belts and proterozoic sedimentary basins of India |
| Life in precambrian |
| Precambrian-cambrian boundary with special reference to India |
Quaternary geology |
|---|
| Definition of quaternary |
| Quaternary stratigraphy-oxygen isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and magnetostratigraphy |
| Quaternary climates-glacial-interglacial cycles, eustatic changes, proxy indicators of paleoenvironmental/ paleoclimatic changes, land, ocean, and cryosphere (ice core studies) |
| Responses of geomorphic systems to climate, sea level and tectonics on variable time scales in the quaternary, quaternary dating methods, radiocarbon, uranium series, luminescence, amino-acid, relative dating methods |
| Quaternary stratigraphy of India-continental records (fluvial, glacial, Aeolian, paleosols, and duricrust); marine records; continental-marine correlation of quaternary record |
| Evolution of man and stone age cultures |
| Plant and animal life in relation to glacial and interglacial cycles during quaternary |
| Tectonic geomorphology, neotectonics, active tectonics, and their applications to natural hazard assessment |
Applied geology |
|---|
| Remote sensing and GIS: Elements of photogrammetry, elements of photo interpretation, electromagnetic spectrum, emission range, film and imagery, sensors, geological interpretations air photos and imageries. Global positioning systems |
| Remote sensing and GIS: GIS-data structure, attribute data, thematic layers, and query analysis |
| Engineering geology: Engineering properties of rocks and physical characteristics of building stones, concretes, and other aggregates. Geological investigations for construction of dams, bridges, highways, and tunnels. Remedial measures |
| Engineering geology: Mass movements with special emphasis on landslides and causes of hillslope instability. Seismic design of buildings |
| Mineral exploration: Geological, geophysical, geochemical, and geobotanical methods of surface and subsurface exploration on different scales. Sampling, assaying, and evaluation of mineral deposits |
| Hydrogeology: Groundwater, Darcy’s law, hydrological characteristics of aquifers, hydrological cycle. Precipitation, evapotranspiration, and infiltration processes. Hydrological classification of water-bearing formations |
| Hydrogeology: Fresh and salt-water relationships in coastal, and inland areas. Groundwater exploration and water pollution. Groundwater regimes in India |
Geomorphology |
|---|
| Concepts in geomorphology |
| Historical and process geomorphology |
| Landforms in relation to climate, rock type, structure, and tectonics |
| Processes-weathering, pedogenesis, mass movement, erosion, transportation and deposition |
| Geomorphic processes and landforms-fluvial, glacial, eolian, coastal, and karst |
| River forms and processes-stream flow, stage-discharge relationship; hydrographs and flood frequency analysis |
| Submarine relief |
| Geomorphology and topographic analysis including DEM, environmental change-causes, effects on processes and landforms |
| Extraterrestrial geomorphology |
Climatology |
|---|
| Fundamental principles of climatology |
| Earth’s radiation balance; latitudinal and seasonal variation of insolation, temperature, pressure, wind belts, humidity, cloud formation and precipitation, water balance |
| Air masses, monsoon, jet streams, tropical cyclones, and enso |
| Classification of climates-Koppen and Thornthwaite scheme of classification |
| Climate change |
Biogeography |
|---|
| Elements of biogeography with special reference to India; environment, habitat, plant-animal association; zoo-geography of India; biomes, elements of plant geography, distribution of forests, and major plant communities |
| Distribution of major animal communities |
| Conservation of forests |
| Wildlife sanctuaries and parks |
Environmental geography |
|---|
| Man-land relationship |
| Resources-renewable and nonrenewable |
| Natural and man-made hazards-droughts, floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis |
| Ecological balance, environmental pollution, and deterioration |
Geography of India |
|---|
| Physiography, drainage, climate, soils and natural resources-the Himalaya, Ganga-Brahmaputra plains, and peninsular India precambrian shield, the Gondwana rift basins, Deccan Plateau |
| Indian climatology with special reference to seasonal distribution and variation of temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation; climate zones of India |
| Agricultural geography of india |
| Population-its distribution and characteristics |
| Urbanization and migration |
| Environmental problems and issues |
Signal processing |
|---|
| Continuous and discrete signals; Fourier series; linear time invariant systems with deterministic and random inputs; band limited signal and sampling theorem; discrete and fast Fourier transform; Z-transform; convolution; filters: Discrete and continuous |
| Filters: Recursive, non-recursive, optimal and inverse filters; deconvolution |
Field theory |
|---|
| Newtonian potential; Laplace and Poisson’s equations; Green’s theorem; Gauss’ law; continuation integral; equivalent stratum; Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic theory; displacement potential, Helmholtz’s theorem and seismic wave propagation |
Numerical analysis and inversion |
|---|
| Numerical differentiation and integration, finite element, and finite difference techniques; Simpson’s rules; Gauss’ quadrature formula; initial value problems; pattern recognition in geophysics |
| Well posed and ill-posed problems; method of least squares; direct search and gradient methods; generalized inversion techniques; singular value decomposition; global optimization |
Gravity and magnetic fields of the earth |
|---|
| Normal gravity field; Clairaut’s theorem; shape of the earth; deflection of the vertical, geoid, free-air, Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, isostatic models for local and regional compensation |
| Geomagnetic field, secular, and transient variations and their theories; palaeomagnetism, construction of polar wandering curves |
Plate tectonics and geodynamics |
|---|
| Vine-Matthews hypothesis, marine magnetic anomalies, sea floor spreading; mid-oceanic ridges and geodynamics; plate tectonics hypothesis; plate boundaries and seismicity |
| Heat flow mechanisms, core-mantle convection, and mantle plumes |
Seismology and tomography |
|---|
| Seismometry: Short period, long period, broadband, and strong motion; elements of earthquake seismology; seismic sources: Faulting source, double couple hypothesis, elastodynamics, Haskell’s function, seismic moment tensor |
| Seismic sources: Focal mechanism and fault plane solutions; seismic gaps; seismotectonics and structure of the earth; Himalayan and stable continental region earthquakes, reservoir induced seismicity; seismic hazards; earthquake prediction |
Gravity and magnetic methods |
|---|
| Gravimeters and magnetometers; data acquisition from land, air, and ship; corrections and reduction of anomalies; ambiguity; regional and residual separation; continuation and derivative calculations; interpretation of anomalies of simple geometric bodies |
| Single pole, sphere, horizontal cylinder, sheet, dyke, and fault |
| Forward modelling and inversion of arbitrary shaped bodies and 2-D, 3D interfaces |
| Interpretations in frequency domain |
Electrical and electromagnetic methods |
|---|
| Electrical profiling and sounding, typical sounding curves, pseudo-sections; resistivity transform and direct interpretation; induced polarization methods |
| Electromagnetic field techniques; elliptic polarization, in-phase and out of phase components, horizontal and vertical loop methods; interpretation; VLF (very low frequency); AFMAG (audio frequency magnetic) methods; and central frequency sounding |
| Transient electromagnetic methods; magneto-telluric method; geomagnetic depth sounding |
Seismic methods |
|---|
| Generalized Snell’s law; Ray theory; reflection, refraction, diffraction; Zoeppritz equation; seismic energy sources; detectors; seismic noises and noise profile analysis; seismic data recording and telemetry devices |
| Reduction to a datum and weathering corrections; interpretation of a refraction seismic data by graphical and analytical techniques; CD/ CMP; seismic reflection data processing, velocity analysis, F-K filtering, stacking, deconvolution |
| Migration before and after stack; bright spot analysis, wavelet processing; attenuation studies, shear waves, AVO; VSP; introduction to 3D seismics; seismic stratigraphy |
Well logging and other methods |
|---|
| Open hole, cased hole, and production logging; electrical logs; lateral, latero, induction, SP; porosity logs; sonic, density, neutron; natural gamma; determination of formation factor, porosity, permeability, density, water saturation, lithology |
| Logging while drilling |
| Radioactive and geothermal methods |
Climatology |
|---|
| Fundamental principles of climatology |
| Earth’s radiation balance; latitudinal and seasonal variation of insolation, temperature, pressure, wind belts, humidity, cloud formation, and precipitation, water balance |
| Air masses, monsoon, jet streams, tropical cyclones, and enso |
| Classification of climates-Koppen and Thornthwaite scheme of classification |
| Climate change |
Physical meteorology |
|---|
| Thermal structure of the atmosphere and its composition |
| Radiation: Basic laws-Rayleigh and Mie scattering, multiple scattering, radiation from the sun, solar constant, effect of clouds, surface, and planetary albedo |
| Emission and absorption of terrestrial radiation, radiation windows, radiative transfer, greenhouse effect, net radiation budget; thermodynamics of dry and moist air: Specific gas constant, adiabatic and isentropic processes, entropy and enthalpy |
| Thermodynamics of dry and moist air: Moisture variables, virtual temperature; Clausius-Clapeyron equation, adiabatic process of moist air; thermodynamic diagrams: Hydrostatic equilibrium-hydrostatic equation, variation of pressure with height |
| Thermodynamic diagrams: Hydrostatic equilibrium-geopotential, standard atmosphere, altimetry |
| Vertical stability of the atmosphere: Dry and moist air parcel and slice methods |
| Tropical convection |
Atmospheric electricity |
|---|
| Fair weather electric field in the atmosphere and potential gradients, ionization in the atmosphere |
| Electrical fields in thunderstorms, theories of thunderstorm electrification |
Cloud physics |
|---|
| Cloud classification, condensation nuclei, growth of cloud drops and ice crystals, precipitation mechanisms: Bergeron, Findeisen process, coalescence process-precipitation of warm and mixed clouds, artificial precipitation, hail suppression |
| Precipitation mechanisms: Fog and cloud-dissipation, radar observation of clouds and precipitation, radar equation, raindrop spectra, radar echoes of hail storm and tornadoes, radar observation of hurricanes, measurements of rainfall by radar |
Dynamic meteorology |
|---|
| Basic equations and fundamental forces: Pressure, gravity, centripetal and Coriolis forces, continuity equation in Cartesian and isobaric coordinates |
| Momentum equation Cartesian and spherical coordinates; scale analysis, inertial flow, geostrophic and gradient winds, thermal wind |
| Divergence and vertical motion Rossby, Richardson, Reynolds, and Froude numbers |
| Circulation, vorticity and divergence; Bjerknes circulation theorem and applications, vorticity and divergence equations, scale analysis, potential vorticity, stream function and velocity potential |
| Atmospheric turbulence: Mixing length theory, planetary boundary layer equations, surface layer, Ekman layer, eddy transport of heat, moisture, and momentum, Richardson criterion; linear perturbation theory: Internal and external gravity waves |
| Linear perturbation theory: Inertia waves, gravity waves, Rossby waves, wave motion in the tropics, barotropic and baroclinic instabilities |
| Atmospheric energetic: Kinetic, potential, and internal energies-conversion of potential and internal energies into kinetic energy, available potential energy |
Numerical weather prediction |
|---|
| Computational instability, filtering of sound and gravity waves, filtered forecast equations, barotropic and equivalent barotropic models, two parameter baroclinic model, relaxation method |
| Multi-layer primitive equation models |
| Short, medium, and long range weather prediction |
| Objective analysis; initialization of the data for use in weather prediction models; data assimilation techniques, application of satellite in NWP (numerical weather prediction) and remotely sensed data |
General circulation and climate modeling |
|---|
| Observed zonally symmetric circulations, meridional circulation models, mean meridional and eddy transport of momentum and energy, angular momentum and energy budgets; zonally asymmetric features of general circulation; standing eddies |
| East-west circulations in tropics: Climate variability and forcings; feedback processes, low frequency variability, MJO Madden-Julian oscillation), ENSO, QBO (quasi biennial oscillation) and sunspot cycles |
| Basic principles of general circulation modelling; gridpoint and spectral GCMs; role of the ocean in climate modelling; interannual variability of ocean fields (SST, winds, circulation, etc) and its relationship with monsoon |
| Concepts of ocean-atmosphere coupled models |
Synoptic meteorology |
|---|
| Weather observations and transmission, synoptic charts, analysis of surface, upper air another derivative chart, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope of pressure/ weather systems with height |
| Synoptic weather forecasting, prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum, and minimum temperature and fog; hazardous weather elements like thunderstorms, dust storms, tornadoes |
| Tropical meteorology: Trade wind inversion, ITCZ; monsoon trough tropical cyclones, their structure and development theory; monsoon depressions; tropical easterly jet stream; low level jets, Somali jet, waves in easterlies; western disturbances |
| Tropical meteorology: SW and NE monsoons; synoptic features associated with onset, withdrawal, break active and weak monsoons and their prediction |
| Air masses and fronts: Sources, origin and classification of air masses; and fronts, frontogenesis and frontolysis; structure of cold and warm fronts; weather systems associated with fronts |
| Extra-tropical synoptic scale features: Jet streams, extratropical cyclones, and anticyclones |
Aviation meteorology |
|---|
| Role of meteorology in aviation, weather hazards associated with take off cruising and landing, inflight-icing, turbulence, visibility, fog, clouds, rain, gusts, wind shear and thunderstorms, now casting and very short range forecasting |
Satellite meteorology |
|---|
| Meteorological satellites-polar orbiting and geostationary satellites, visible and infrared radiometers, multiscanner radiometers; identification of synoptic systems, fog and sandstorms, detection of cyclones, estimation of SST, cloud top temperatures |
| Winds and rainfall: Temperature and humidity soundings |
Physical oceanography |
|---|
| T-S diagrams; mixing processes in the oceans; characteristics of important water masses |
| Wind generated waves in the oceans; their characteristics; shallow and deep water waves |
| Propagation, refraction, and reflection of waves |
| Wave spectrum, principles of wave forecasting |
| Tide-producing forces and their magnitudes; prediction of tides by the harmonic method; tides and tidal currents in shallow seas, estuaries, and rivers |
| Factors influencing coastal processes; transformation of waves in shallow water; effects of stratification; effect of bottom friction, phenomena of wave reflection, refraction and diffraction; breakers and surf; littoral currents |
| Wave action on sediments-movement to beach material; rip currents; beach stability, ocean beach nourishment; harbour resonance; seiches; tsunami; interaction of waves and structure |
| Estuaries: Classification and nomenclature; tides in estuaries; estuarine circulation and mixing; depth-averaged and breadth, averaged models; sedimentation in estuaries; salinity intrusion in estuaries; effect of stratification; coastal pollution |
| Estuaries: Mixing and dispersal of pollutants in estuaries and near-shore areas; coastal zone management |
| The global wind system; action of wind on ocean surface; Ekman’s theory; Sverdrup, Stommel and Munk’s theories; upwelling and sinking with special reference to the Indian ocean |
| Inertial currents; divergences and convergences; geostrophic motion; barotropic and baroclinic conditions; oceanic eddies, relationship between density, pressure and dynamic topography; relative and slope currents |
| Wind driven coastal currents; typical scales of motion in the ocean |
| Characteristics of the global conveyor belt circulation and its causes |
| Formation of subtropical gyres; western boundary currents; equatorial current systems; El Nino; monsoonal winds and currents over the north Indian ocean; Somali current; southern ocean |
| Upwelling process in the arabian sea |
Chemical oceanography |
|---|
| Composition of seawater-classification of elements based on their distribution; major and minor constituents; behaviour of element; chemical exchanges across interfaces, and residence times in seawater |
| Chemical and biological interactions-ionic interactions; cycling and air-sea exchange of important biogenic dissolved gases; carbon dioxide carbonate system; alkalinity and control of pH; abiotic and biotic controls of trace elements in the ocean |
| Chemical and biological interactions-biological pump and controls on atmospheric composition |
Geological oceanography |
|---|
| Morphologic and tectonic domains of the ocean floor |
| Structure, composition, and mechanism of the formation of oceanic crust |
| Hydrothermal vents-ocean margins and their significance |
| Ocean circulation, Coriolis effect and Ekman spiral, convergence, divergence, and upwelling, El Nino |
| Indian ocean dipole thermohaline circulation and oceanic conveyor belt |
| Formation of bottom waters; major water masses of the world’s oceans |
| Oceanic sediments: Factors controlling the deposition and distribution of oceanic sediments; geochronology of oceanic sediments, digenetic changes in oxic and anoxic environments |
| Tectonic evolution of the ocean basins |
| Mineral resources |
| Paleoceanography-approaches to paleoceanographic reconstructions; various proxy indicators for paleoceanographic interpretation |
| Reconstruction of monsoon variability by using marine proxy records opening and closing of ocean gateways and their effect on circulation and climate during the cenozoic |
| Sea level processes and sea level changes |
| Methods of paleo sea surface temperature |
| Quantifications |
Biological oceanography |
|---|
| Classification of the marine environment and marine organisms |
| Physicochemical factors affecting marine life-light, temperature, salinity, pressure, nutrients, dissolved gases; adaptation and biological processes |
| Primary and secondary production; factors controlling phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and diversity; nekton and fisheries oceanography; benthic organisms; coastal marine communities and community ecology-estuaries |
| Coral reefs and mangrove communities, deep-sea ecology including hydrothermal vent communities |
| Energy flow and mineral cycling-energy transfer and transfer efficiencies through different trophic levels; food webs including the microbial loop |
| Human impacts on marine communities; impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity |
| Impact of pollution on marine environments including fisheries |
Geographical and environmental conditions |
|---|
| Arab kingdoms: North and south, social life of Bedouin and settled Arabs, cultural evolutions of Arabs, religious conditions, socio-political conditions, commercial and economic activities, Arabic language and literature |
Prophet Muhammad and his life at Makkah |
|---|
| His migration to Madinah, Prophet’s life at Madinah, formulation of social system at Madinah (early phase), basic teachings of Islamic faith, formulation of Islamic state, socioeconomic and political system of Islam, achievements of Prophet Muhammad |
Institution of Khilafat |
|---|
| Hazrat Abu Bakr: Life and achievements, Hazrat Umar: Life and his administration, expansion and consolidation of Islamic state during the Caliphate of Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Usman: Life and political problems faced by him |
| Hazrat Ali: His life and internal conflicts, general assessment of Khilafat-e-Rashidah |
Establishment of Umayyad dynasty |
|---|
| The policy of Arab nationalism adopted by the Umayyads, social conditions under the Umayyad rule, expansion and consolidation of the state, system of education under the Umayyads |
| Development of Arabic language and literature, art and architecture under the Umayyads, decline of the Umayyad rule |
Establishment of Abbasids rule |
|---|
| Important Caliphs and achievements, socio-cultural and religious developments, development of education, progress in the fields of various sciences and literature, contribution of Abbasids to fine arts, art and architecture under Abbasids |
Collection and compilation of Quran |
|---|
| Ethical and philosophical teachings, socioeconomic and political teachings, the origin and development of Tafsir literature, important commentators: Mohammed Bin-Jarir at-Tabari, Razi, Zamakhshari, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Abul Ala Maududi |
| Important commentators: Abul Kalam Azad, Ashraf Ali Thanvi |
Collection and compilation of Hadith |
|---|
| Transmission and scrutiny of Hadith, genesis of Islamic Fiqh and its development, major collections of Hadith, source of Islamic law, schools of Islamic law, contemporary problem and Islamic Fiqh |
Arab reaction and response to Greek philosophy |
|---|
| Arab philosophers: Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazzali, Ibn-e-Rushd, development of Ilmul-Kalam, Mu'tazilites and Asharites, Shah Waliullah and his contribution to muslim philosophy |
Origin and development of sufism |
|---|
| Impact of sufism on Indian society, important of sufi orders: Chishti, Naqshbandi, Suhrawadi, Qadari, Sufi, and bhakti movements, important works of sufism: Awarif-al-Ma'arif, Futuhat al-Makkiyyah, Maqasid al-Arifin |
Sunnis |
|---|
| Shias, Khawarij, Ahl-e-Hadith, Al-Ikhwan-al-Muslimun, Al-Ba’th, Jamaat-e-Islami, Sannusi movement |
Islamic studies: Contemporary muslim world |
|---|
| Reform movements in India, socio-religious development in modern Iran, socio-political development in modern Turkey |
Arab culture: Indo-Arab relations |
|---|
| Impact of western civilization of Arabs, contemporary Indo-Arab relations, India as depicted in Arab writings |
Classical Arabic prose and poetry |
|---|
Indo-Arabic literature |
|---|
Important works of Indo-Arabic literature |
|---|
Modern Arabic language and literature |
|---|
Major reference works |
|---|
Tafsir and Hadith literature |
|---|
History of Islamic civilization |
|---|
Literary genres, movements, and institutions |
|---|
Rhetoric and prosody |
|---|
Principle of literary criticism |
|---|
Functional Arabic |
|---|
Arabic criticism |
|---|
Migration literature |
|---|
History of Arabic literature |
|---|
Arabic studies in India |
|---|
Accounting and finance |
|---|
| Accounting standards in India, inflation accounting, human resource accounting, responsibility accounting, social accounting, money and capital market, working of stock exchanges in India, NSE, OTCEI, NASDAQ, derivatives, and options |
| Regulatory authorities: SEBI, rating agencies; new instruments: GDRS, ADRs, venture capital funds, mergers and acquisitions, mutual funds, lease financing, factoring, measurements of risk and returns securities and portfolios |
| Computer application in accounting and finance |
Marketing |
|---|
| Marketing tasks, concepts and tools, marketing environment, consumer behaviour and market segmentation, product decisions, pricing decisions, distributions decisions, promotion decisions, marketing research, online marketing, direct marketing |
| Social, ethical, and legal aspects of marketing in India |
Human resource management |
|---|
| Concept; role, and functions of human resource management, human resource planning, job analysis, job description and specifications, use of job analysis information, recruitment and selection, training and development, succession planning |
| Compensation: Wage and salary administration, incentives and fringe benefits, morale, and productivity, appraisal performance, industrial relations in India, health, safety, welfare and social security, workers participation in management |
International business |
|---|
| Foreign direct investment and multinational corporations-MNCs culture, MNCs, and LDCs, joint ventures, regional economic integration: SAARC, ASEAN, EC, NAFTA, India and WTO, intellectual property rights, foreign exchange: Exchange rate, mechanism |
| Foreign exchange: Risk management, transfer of international payments, convertibility of rupee, current and capital accounts; issues and perceptions, derivatives and futures, foreign investment institution |
| Instruments: GDRSs, ADRs, FIIs-their role in Indian capital market |
Income-tax law and tax planning |
|---|
| Basic concepts, residential status and tax incidence, exempted incomes, computation of taxable income under various heads, computation of taxable income of individuals and firms, deduction of tax, filing of returns, different types of assessment |
| Defaults and penalties, tax planning: Concept, significance, and problems of tax planning, tax evasion and tax avoidance, methods of tax planning, tax considerations in specific business decisions, viz., make or buy; own or lease, retain or replace |
| Export or domestic sales; shut-down or closure; expand or contract; invest or disinvest, computer application in income tax and tax planning |
Combinational circuit design |
|---|
| Sequential circuit design, hardwired and microprogrammed processor design, instruction formats, addressing modes, memory types and organization, interfacing peripheral devices, interrupts |
| Microprocessor architecture, instruction set and programming (8085, P-III/ P-IV), microprocessor applications |
Database concepts |
|---|
| ER diagrams, data models, design of relational database, normalization, SQL and QBE, query processing and optimization, centralized and distributed database, security, concurrency and recovery in centralized and distributed database systems |
| Object oriented database management systems (concepts, composite objects, integration with RDBMS applications), ORACLE |
Display systems |
|---|
| Input devices, 2D geometry, graphic operations, 3D graphics, animation, graphic standard, applications |
| Concepts, storage devices, input tools, authoring tools, application, files |
Programming language concepts |
|---|
| Paradigms and models |
| Data |
| Data types, operators, expressions, assignment |
| Flow of control-control structures, I/O statements, user-defined and built-in functions, parameter passing |
| Principles, classes, inheritance, class hierarchies, polymorphism, dynamic binding, reference semantics, and their implementation |
| Principles, functions, lists, types and polymorphisms, higher order functions, lazy evaluation, equations, and pattern matching |
| Principles, horn clauses and their execution, logical variables, relations, data structures, controlling the search order, program development in prolog, implementation of prolog, example programs in prolog |
| Principles of parallelism, coroutines, communication, and execution |
| Parallel virtual machine (PVM) and message passing interface (MPI) routines and calls |
| Parallel programs in pvm paradigm as well as mpi paradigm for simple problems like matrix multiplication |
| Preconditions, post-conditions, axiomatic approach for semantics, correctness, denotational semantics |
| Compiler structure, compiler construction tools, compilation phases |
| Finite automata, pushdown automata |
| Non-determinism and NFA, DPDA, and PDAs and languages accepted by these structures |
| Grammars, languages-types of grammars-type 0, type 1, type 2, and type 3 |
| The relationship between types of grammars, and finite machines |
| Pushdown automata and context free grammars |
| Lexical analysis-regular expressions and regular languages |
| Lex package on unix |
| Conversion of nfa to dfa |
| Minimizing the number of states in a dfa |
| Compilation and interpretation |
| Bootstrap compilers |
| Context free grammars |
| Parsing and parse trees |
| Representation of parse (derivation) trees as rightmost and leftmost derivations |
| Bottom up parsers-shift-reduce, operator precedence, and LR |
| Yacc package on unix system |
| Topdown parsers-left recursion and its removal |
| Recursive descent parser |
| Predictive parser, intermediate codes-quadruples, triples |
| Intermediate code generation, code generation |
| Code optimization |
Analog and digital transmission |
|---|
| Asynchronous and synchronous transmission, transmission media, multiplexing and concentration, switching techniques, polling |
| Topologies, networking devices, OSI reference model, protocols for-(I) data Link layer, (ii) network layer, and (ii) transport layer, TCP/ IP protocols, networks security, network administration |
Definition, simple, and composite structures |
|---|
| Arrays, lists, stacks queues, priority queues, binary trees, B-trees, graphs |
| Sorting and searching algorithms, analysis of algorithms, interpolation and binary search, asymptotic notations-big ohm, omega, and theta |
| Average case analysis of simple programs like finding of a maximum of n elements |
| Recursion and its systematic removal |
| Quicksort-non-recursive implementation with minimal stack storage |
| Design of algorithms (divide and conquer, greedy method, dynamic programming, back tracking, branch and bound) |
| Lower bound theory, non-deterministic algorithm-nondeterministic programming constructs |
| Simple non-deterministic programs |
| NP-hard and NP-complete problems |
Object |
|---|
| Messages, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, aggregation, abstract classes, generalization as extension and restriction |
| Object oriented design |
| Multiple inheritance, metadata |
| HTML, DHTML, XML, scripting, java, servlets, applets |
Software development models |
|---|
| Software development models, requirement analysis and specifications, software design, programming techniques and tools, software validation and quality assurance techniques, software maintenance and advanced concepts, software management |
Introduction |
|---|
| Memory management, support for concurrent process, scheduling, system deadlock, multiprogramming system, I/O management, distributed operating systems, study of Unix and Windows NT |
Definitions, AI approach for solving problems |
|---|
| Automated reasoning with propositional logic and predicate logic-fundamental proof procedure, refutation, resolution, refinements to resolution (ordering/ pruning/ restriction strategies) |
| State space representation of problems, bounding functions, breadth first, depth first, A, A*, AO*, etc performance comparison of various search techniques |
| Frames, scripts, semantic nets, production systems, procedural representations, prolog programming |
| Components of an expert system, knowledge representation and acquisition techniques, building expert system and shell |
| RTNs, ATNs, parsing of ambiguous CFGs |
| Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAGs) |
| Systems approach to planning, designing, development, implementation, and evaluation of MIS |
| Decision-making processes, evaluation of DSS, group decision support system and case studies, adaptive design approach to DSS development, cognitive style in DSS, integrating expert and decision support systems |
Theory of computation |
|---|
| Formal language, need for formal computational models, non-computational problems, diagonal argument and Russell's paradox |
| Deterministic finite automaton (DFA), non-deterministic finite automaton (NFA), regular languages and regular sets, equivalence of DFA and NFA |
| Minimizing the number of states of a dfa |
| Non-regular languages, and pumping lemma |
| Pushdown automaton (PDA), deterministic pushdown automaton (DPDA), non-equivalence of PDA and DPDA |
Context free grammars |
|---|
| Greibach normal form (GNF) and Chomsky normal form (CNF), ambiguity, Parse tree representation of derivations |
| Equivalence of PDA and CFG |
| Parsing techniques for parsing of general CFGs-early’s, Cook-Kassami-Younger (CKY), and Tomita’s parsing |
Linear bounded automata (LBA) |
|---|
| Power of lba |
| Closure properties |
Turing machine (TM) |
|---|
| One tape, multitape |
| The notions of time and space complexity in terms of tm |
| Construction of tm for simple problems |
| Computational complexity |
Chomsky hierarchy of languages |
|---|
| Recursive and recursively-enumerable languages |
Models for information channel |
|---|
| Discrete memoryless channel, binary symmetric channel (BSC), burst channel, bit-error rates |
| Probability, entropy and Shannon's measure of information |
| Mutual information |
| Channel capacity theorem |
| Rate and optimality of information transmission |
Variable length codes |
|---|
| Prefix codes, Huffman codes, Lempel-Ziev (LZ) codes |
| Optimality of these codes |
| Information content of these codes |
Error correcting and detecting codes |
|---|
| Finite fields, hamming distance, bounds of codes, linear (parity check) codes, parity check matrix, generator matrix, decoding of linear codes, hamming codes |
Image processing |
|---|
| Image registration, spatial Fourier transforms, discrete spatial (2-dimensional) Fourier transforms, restoration, Lossy compression of images (pictures) |
Data compression techniques |
|---|
| Representation and compression of text, sound, picture, and video files (based on the JPEG and MPEG standards) |
Linear programming problem (LPP) in the standard form |
|---|
| LPP in canonical form conversion of LPP in standard form to LPP in canonical form |
| Simplex-prevention of cyclic computations in simplex and Tableau, Big-M method, dual simplex and revised simplex |
| Complexity of simplex algorithm(s) |
| Exponential behaviour of simplex |
| Ellipsoid method and Karmakar's method for solving LPPs |
| Solving simple LPPs through these methods |
| Comparison of complexity of these methods |
Assignment and transportation problems |
|---|
| Simple algorithms like Hungarian method, etc |
Shortest path problems |
|---|
| Dijkstra's and Moore's method. Complexity |
Network flow problem |
|---|
| Formulation, Max-Flow Min-Cut theorem |
| Ford and Fulkerson algorithm |
| Exponential behaviour of Ford and Fulkerson algorithm |
| Malhotra-Pramodkumar-Maheshwari (MPM) polynomial algorithm for solving network flow problem |
| Bipartite graphs and matchings; solving matching problems using network flow problems |
Matroids |
|---|
| Definition |
| Graphic and cographic matroids |
| Matroid intersection problem |
Nonlinear programming |
|---|
| Kuhn-tucker conditions |
| Convex functions and convex regions |
| Convex programming problems |
| Algorithms for solving convex programming problems-rate of convergence of iterative methods for solving these problems |
Neural networks |
|---|
| Perception model, linear separability and XOR problem |
| Two and three layered neural nets, back propagation-convergence, hopfield nets, neural net learning, applications |
Fuzzy systems |
|---|
| Definition of a fuzzy set, fuzzy relations, fuzzy functions, fuzzy measures, fuzzy reasoning, applications of fuzzy systems |
Unix |
|---|
| Operating system, structure of unix operating system, Unix commands, interfacing with Unix, editors and compilers for Unix, LEX and YACC, File system, system calls, filters, shell programming |
Windows |
|---|
| Windows environment, Unicode, documents and views, drawing in a window, message handling, scrolling and splitting views, docking toolbars, and status bars, common dialogs and controls, MDI, multithreading, OLE, activeX controls, ATL, database access |
| Network programming |
Theory of demand |
|---|
| Axiomatic approach, demand functions, consumer behavior under conditions of uncertainty, theory of production, collusive and non-collusive oligopolies, different models of objectives of the firm-Baumol, Morris, and Williamson, factor pricing |
| General equilibrium and welfare economics |
Keynesian and post-keynesian approaches to theory of output and employment |
|---|
| Concepts of investment multiplier; consumption hypotheses, theories of investment and accelerator, theories of demand for money-Keynesian and post-Keynesian, different approaches to money supply; money supply; components and determinants; money multiplier |
| Output-price determination (aggregate supply and aggregate demand curve analysis), Fleming-Mundell open economy model |
Development and growth-role of institutions |
|---|
| Theories of growth and development-models of growth of Joan Robinson and Kaldor; technical progress-Hicks, Harrod and learning by doing, production function approach to the determinants of growth: Endogenous growth-role of education |
| production function approach to the determinants of growth: Endogenous growth-research and knowledge-explanation of cross country differentials in economic development and growth |
| Theories of development-classical, Marx, Schumpeter, and structural analysis of development-imperfect market paradigm, Lewis model of development, Ranis-Fei model, dependency theory of development, factors in economy development-natural resources |
| Factors in economy development-population, capital, human resource development and infrastructure, trade and development-trade as engine of growth, two-gap analysis, Prebisch, Singer and Myrdal views; gains from trade and LDCs |
Theories of taxation, types, incidence, and effects |
|---|
| Theories of public expenditure-effects on savings, investment, and growth, burden of public debt, union finance-trends in revenue and expenditure of the government of India, state finance-trends in revenue and expenditure of the state governments |
| Public debt-India’s Public debt since 1951, growth composition, ownership pattern and debt management, union-state financial relations-horizontal and vertical imbalances; the finance commissions, fiscal policy and fiscal reforms in India |
Monetary approach and adjustment in the balance of payments |
|---|
| Regional blocs-multilateralism and world trading system, the political economy of imposition of non-tariff barriers, international trade under conditions of imperfect competition in goods market, theory of international reserves |
| Optimum currency areas-theory and impact in the developed and developing countries, WTO and its impact on the different sectors of the economy |
Components of money supply |
|---|
| Role, constituents, and functions of money and capital markets, RBI-recent monetary and credit policies, commercial banks and co-operatives banks, specialized financial and investment institutions, non-bank financial institutions and regional rural banks |
Industrial structure and economic growth |
|---|
| Pattern of industrialization-public and private; large and small industries, theories of industrial location-Indian experience, industrial productivity-measurement, partial and total trends, industrial finance in India |
| Industrial labour-problems, policies, and reforms in India, economic reforms and industrial growth |
Population and economic development |
|---|
| Interrelation between population, development and environment, sustainable development, Malthusian theory of population, optimum theory of population, theory of demographic transition, population as ‘limits to growth’ and as ‘ultimate source’ |
| Concepts of demography-vital rates, life tables, composition and uses, measurement of fertility-total fertility rate, gross and net reproduction rate-age pyramids, population projection-stable, stationary and quasi-stationary population |
| Characteristics of Indian population through recent census, poverty in India-absolute and relative; analysis of poverty in India, Environment as necessity-amenity and public goods; causes of environmental and ecosystem degeneration |
| Policies for controlling pollution, economic and persuasive; their relative effectiveness in LDCs; relation between population, poverty and environmental degradation-microplanning for environment and eco-preservation, watersheds |
| Joint forest management and self-helps groups, role of state in environmental preservation-review of environmental legislation in India |
Role of agriculture in India economy |
|---|
| Share of agriculture, interrelationship between agriculture and industry, institutional aspects-land reforms, green revolution, technologies aspects-agricultural inputs and shifts in production function, capital formation in the rural sector-savings |
| Capital formation in the rural sector-assets, and credits, strategies for rural development, regional disparities in Indian agriculture, cooperative movement in India-organization, structure, and development of different types of cooperatives in India |
Application of differential and integral calculus in theories of consumer behavior |
|---|
| Production and pricing under different market conditions, input-output analysis and linear programming, application of correlation and regression, testing of hypothesis in regression analysis |
Single equation linear model |
|---|
| Assumption and properties of OLS, multiple regression model-estimation and interpretation, multicollinearity-autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity, causes, detection, consequences and remedy, dummy variables, distributed lags-need |
| Distributed lags-limitations, and interpretation, application in economics |
Simultaneous equation models |
|---|
| Structural and reduced forms, endogenous and exogenous variables, identification problems and conditions, single equation methods of estimation-TSLS, indirect least squares and least variance ratio |
Techniques of forecasting |
|---|
| ARMA, ARIMA, econometric properties of time series, unit root, integrated series, random walk, and white noise |
Theory of consumer behavior and theory of firms |
|---|
| Theory of pricing-monopoly, monopolistic competition, duopoly, and oligopoly, theory of games-two-person, zero-sum game, pure and mixed strategy, saddle point solution, linear programming and input-output analysis |
| Static and dynamic multiplier and accelerator, Samuelson-Hicks trade cycle model |
| Growth models-Harrod and Domar, neoclassical models-Solow, Meade, Kaldor’s model with technological progress, endogenous growth models |
| Employment and output determination with fixed and flexible prices (IS-LM, aggregate demand and aggregate supply analysis) |
The rise and fall of Bretton-Wood and emerging international monetary system |
|---|
| World trading system-evolution and distortions, globalization-developments in exchanges markets, euro-currency markets, and international bond markets, international debt crisis, theory of foreign exchange markets-exchange trading |
| Theory of foreign exchange markets-arbitrage, and market hedging |
Growth and productivity trends in Indian agriculture |
|---|
| Development of distributive institutions-costs and price policies, agricultural marketing and credit, trends in migration and labour markets. Minimum wages act, WTO and sustainable agricultural development, reforms in Indian agriculture |
Planning and economic development |
|---|
| Costs, prices, WTO and Indian agriculture, globalization, liberalization, and the Indian industrial sector, infrastructure and economic development, social sector, poverty and reforms in India, women, environment, and economic development |
| Trade reforms and liberalization, financial sector reforms, fiscal policy and fiscal reforms |
Western schools of philosophy |
|---|
| Idealism, realism, naturalism, pragmatism, existentialism; with special reference to the concepts of knowledge, reality and values; their educational implications for aims, contents and methods of education |
| Indian schools of philosophy (Vedanta, Buddhism, Jainism, Islamic traditions) with special reference to the concepts of knowledge, reality and values and their educational implications |
| Contributions of Indian thinkers, like Vivekananda, Tagore, Gandhi, and Aurobindo to educational thinking |
Meaning and nature |
|---|
| Education and social change, constraints on social change (caste, ethnicity, class, language, religion, population, and regionalism) |
| Education as related to social equity and equality of educational opportunities, education of socially and economically disadvantaged section of society special reference to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, women and rural populations |
Process of growth and development |
|---|
| Physical, social, emotional, and intellectual, development of concept formation, logical reasoning, problem-solving and creative thinking language development, individual differences-determinants, role of heredity and environment |
| Implications of individual differences for organizing educational programmes |
Intelligence-its theories and measurement |
|---|
| Learning and motivation: Theories of learning-Thorndike's conditions, Pavlov's classical and Skinner's operant conditioning; learning by insight. Hull's reinforcement theory and Tolman's theory of learning-Gagne's hierarchy of learning |
| Learning and motivation: Theories of learning-factors influencing learning, learning and motivation, transfer of learning and its theories |
Personality |
|---|
| Type and trait theories-measurement of personality, mental health and hygiene, process of adjustment, conflicts and defence mechanism, mental hygiene |
Concept and principles of guidance and counselling |
|---|
| Types of guidance and counselling, tools and techniques of guidance-records, scales and tests, techniques, interview, organizing guidance services at different levels of education, occupational information, kinds of services, like information, testing |
| Counselling and follow-up |
Sample: Concept of population and sample, various methods of sampling |
|---|
| Hypotheses: Concept, difference with assumptions, source, various types of hypothesis |
| Tools: Questionnaire, observation and interview as tools of data collection, tests, and scales |
Descriptive research |
|---|
| Ex-post facto research, survey research, historical research |
| Experimental research: Designs of experimental research, characteristics, internal and external validity in experimental research |
| Qualitative research: Phenomenological research, ethno methodical and naturalistic inquiry |
Universalization of elementary education in India |
|---|
| Vocationalization of education in USA and India, educational administration in USA, UK, (Britain and Ireland) and India, distance education and continuing education in Australia, UK, and India |
Construction and development of curriculum |
|---|
| Different models, administrative, grass root, demonstration, system analysis, curriculum evaluation-formative, summative, interpretation of evaluation results |
Development of modern concept of educational administration from 1900 to present-day |
|---|
| Taylorism, administration as a process, administration as a bureaucracy, human relations approach to administration, meeting the psychological needs of employees, systems approach specific trends in educational administration such as (a) decision making |
| Systems approach specific trends in educational administration such as (b) organizational compliance, (c) organizational development, (d) PERT, (e) modern trends in educational management |
| Educational supervision: Organizing supervisory programme, implementing supervisory programme |
Leadership in educational administration |
|---|
| Meaning and nature of leadership, theories of leadership, styles of leadership, measurements of leadership |
Educational planning |
|---|
| Meaning and nature, approaches to educational planning, perspective planning, institutional planning |
Educational supervision |
|---|
| Meaning and nature, supervision as service activity, supervision as a process, supervision as functions, supervision, as educational leadership, modern supervision, functions of supervision, planning the supervisory programme |
Educational measurement and evaluation concept |
|---|
| Scope, need, and relevance, tools of measurement and evaluation subjective and objective tools, essay test, objective test, scales, questionnaires, schedules, inventories, performance tests |
Characteristics of a good measuring instrument |
|---|
| Validity, reliability, norms, usability, etc |
Test standardization |
|---|
| Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests, scaling-standard scores, T-scores and C-scores, steps in the standardization of a test, measurement of achievement, aptitudes, intelligence, attitudes, interests and skills |
| Test standardization: Interpretation of test-scores and methods of feedback to students |
New trends |
|---|
| Grading, semester, continuous internal assessment, question bank, uses of computer in evaluation, qualitative analysis |
Meaning and scope of educational technology |
|---|
| Educational technology as systems approach to education, systems approach in educational technology and its characteristics, components of educational technology, software, hardware, multi-media approach in educational technology |
| Modalities of teaching-difference between teaching and instruction, conditioning and training, stages of teaching-pre-active, interactive and post-active, teaching at different levels-memory, understanding, and reflective |
Modification of teaching behaviour |
|---|
| Microteaching, Flanders Interaction analysis, simulation, programmed instruction (origin, types, linear and branching, development of programmed instruction material-linear/ branching model, teaching machines |
| Computer assisted instruction |
Models of teaching |
|---|
| Concept, different families of teaching models, designing instructional system-formulation of instructional objectives, task analysis, designing of instructional strategies, such as lecture, team teaching, discussion, panel discussion |
| Seminars and tutorials |
Communication process |
|---|
| Concept of communication, principles, modes and barriers of communication, classroom communication (interaction verbal and non-verbal) |
Distance education |
|---|
| Concept, different contemporary systems, viz, correspondence, distance and open; student support services; evaluation strategies in distance education, counselling methods in distance education |
| Development of evaluation tools-norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests |
Concept and nature of special education |
|---|
| Objectives, types, historical perspective, integrated education |
Education of mentally retarded |
|---|
| Characteristics of the retarded, educable mentally retarded, teaching strategies, enrichment programmes, remedial programmes, etiology and prevention, mental hygiene as remediation |
Education of the visually impaired |
|---|
| Characteristics, degree of impairment, etiology and prevention, educational programmes |
Education of the hearing impaired |
|---|
| Characteristics, degree of impairment, etiology and prevention, educational programmes |
Education of the orthopaedically handicapped |
|---|
| Types of handicap, characteristics, educational programmes |
Education of the gifted and creative children |
|---|
| Characteristics, creativity and identification process, educational programmes |
Learning disabled children |
|---|
| Characteristics, identification, educational, programme |
Education of juvenile delinquents |
|---|
| Characteristics, problems of alcoholion, drug addiction, anti-social and character disorder, educational programmes for rehabilitation |
Teacher education |
|---|
| Historical perspective recommendations of various commissions on teacher education; Kothari commission, national policy on education, aims and objectives of teacher education at-elementary level, secondary level, college level |
Teaching as a profession |
|---|
| Professional, organizations for various levels of teachers and their role; performance appraisal of teachers, faculty improvement programme for teacher education |
Types of teacher education programmes and agencies |
|---|
| In-service teacher education, preserves teacher education, distance education and teacher education, orientation and refresher courses |
Current problems |
|---|
| Teacher education and practicing schools, teacher education and other institutions, preparing teachers for special schools, implementation of curricula of teacher education |
Areas of research |
|---|
| Teaching effectiveness, criteria of admission, modification of teacher behaviour, school effectiveness |
British literature from Chaucer to the present day |
|---|
Criticism and literary theory |
|---|
Literary comprehension |
|---|
Up to the renaissance |
|---|
Jacobean to restoration periods |
|---|
Augustan age: 18th century literature |
|---|
Romantic period |
|---|
Victorian and pre-raphaelites |
|---|
Modern British literature |
|---|
Contemporary British literature |
|---|
Literary theory and criticism up to T.S. Eliot |
|---|
Contemporary theory |
|---|
History of english language, english language teaching |
|---|
European literature from classical age to the 20th century |
|---|
Indian writing in english and Indian literature in english translation |
|---|
American and other non-British english literatures |
|---|
Literary theory and criticism |
|---|
Geomorphology |
|---|
| Fundamental concepts; factors controlling landform development; endogenetic and exogenetic; denudation process; weathering and erosion, geosynclines, mountain building, continental drift and plate tectonics; concept of geomorphic cycle |
| Landform associated with fluvial, glacial, arid, coastal and karst cycles, slope forms and processes; environmental and applied geomorphology |
Climatology |
|---|
| Composition and structure of the atmosphere; insolation; heat budget of the earth; distribution of temperature, atmospheric pressure and general circulation of winds; monsoons and jet streams; stability and instability of the atmosphere |
| Airmasses; fronts, temperate, and tropical cyclones; types and distribution of precipitation; classification of world climate; Koppen’s and Thornthwaite’s schemes; hydrological cycle; global warming |
Oceanography |
|---|
| Origin of ocean basins; bottom relief of Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific oceans; ocean deposits; coral reefs; temperature and salinity of the oceans; density of seawater; tides and ocean currents; sea-level changes |
| Biogeography: Physical factors influencing world distribution of plants and animals; forms and functions of ecosystem: Forest, grassland, marine, and mountain ecosystem; biodiversity and its depletion through natural and man induced causes |
| Biogeography: Conservation and management of ecosystems; environmental hazards and problems of pollution; ozone depletion |
History of geographic thought |
|---|
| General character of geographic knowledge during the ancient and medieval period; foundations of modern geography: Contribution of German, French, British, and American schools; conceptual and methodological developments during the 20th century |
| Changing paradigms; man and environment, determinism and possibilism, areal differentiation and spatial organization; quantitative revolution; impact of positivism, humanism, radicalism and behaviouralism in geography |
Population geography |
|---|
| Nature, scope, subject matter, and recent trends; patterns world distribution, growth and density of population; policy issues; patterns and process of migration; demographic transition; population-resource regions |
| Settlement geography: Site, situation, types, size, spacing and internal morphology of rural and urban settlements; ecological processes of urban growth; urban fringe; city-region; settlement systems; primate city; rank-size rule; settlement hierarchy |
| Christaller’s central place theory; August Losch’s theory of market centers |
Economic geography |
|---|
| Location of economic activities and spatial organization of economies; classification of economies; sectors of economy: Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary; natural resources: Renewable and non-renewable; conservation of resources |
| Agriculture geography: Concept and techniques of delimitation of agricultural regions; measurement of agricultural productivity and efficiency; crop combinations and diversification; Von Thunen’s model; agricultural systems of the world |
| Industrial geography: Classification of industries; Weber’s and Losch’s approaches; resource based and footloose industries |
| Geography of transport and trade: Models of transportation and transport cost; accessibility and connectivity: Inter-regional and intra-regional: Comparative cost advantages |
Political geography |
|---|
| Definition and scope of political geography; geopolitics; geopolitics; global strategic views (Heartland and Rimland theories); concept of nation, state and nation-state; boundaries and frontiers; political of world resources; geography and federalism |
| Social geography: Nature and scope of social geography; social structure and social geography; structure and social processes; elements of social geography-ethnicity, tribe, dialect, language cast and religion; concept of social well-being |
| Cultural geography: Nature and scope of cultural geography; environment and culture; concept of culture-areas and cultural regions; theories of tribal groups; Dwelling places as cultural expressions |
Regional planning |
|---|
| Regional concept in geography; its application to planning; concept of planning region, regional hierarchy; types of regions and methods of regional delineation; conceptual and theoretical framework of regional planning |
| Regional planning in India: Concept of development; indicators of development; regional imbalances |
Geography of India |
|---|
| Physiographic divisions; climate: Its regional variations; vegetation types and vegetation regions; major soil types: Coastal and marine resources; water resources; irrigation; agriculture; agroclimatic regions; mineral and power resources |
| Major soil types: Major industries and industrial regions; population distribution and growth; settlement patterns; regional disparities in social and economic development |
Cartography |
|---|
| Maps as a tool in geographical studies; types of maps; techniques for the study of spatial patterns of distribution; single purpose and composite maps; choropleth, isopleth, and chorochromatic maps and pie diagrams; mapping of location specific data |
| Accessibility and flow maps |
| Remote sensing and computer application in mapping; digital mapping; Geographic Information System (GIS): Thematic maps |
| Statistical methods: Data sources and types of date; statistical diagrams; study of frequency distribution and cumulative frequency; measures of central tendency; selection of class intervals for mapping; measures of dispersion and concentration |
| Statistical methods: Standard deviation; Lorenz curve; Methods of measuring association among different attributes; simple and multiple correlation; regression |
| Measurement of spatial patterns of distribution; Nearest-neighbour analysis; scaling techniques, rank score, weighted score; sampling techniques for geographical analysis |
From the Indus valley civilization to the Mahajanapadas |
|---|
| Age, extent and characteristics of the indus valley civilization |
| Vedic culture-early and late-geography: Social and political institutions, economic conditions, religious, and philosophical ideas |
| Mahajanapadas, republics, economic growth-emergence of Jainism and Buddhism, rise of Magadha, Macedonian invasion and its effects |
History of India from the 4th Century BC to 3rd Century AD |
|---|
| Foundation of the Mauryan empire-Chandragupta, Ashoka, and his Dhamma, Mauryan administration, economy, art, and architecture, disintegration of the Mauryan empire |
| Sangam age Sungas, Satavahanas, and Kushanas: Administration, religion, society, economy, trade, and commerce, culture-art and architecture, literature |
India from the 4th century AD to 12th century AD |
|---|
| Gupta-Vakataka age, Harsha, Pallavas, early Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Cholas, Pratiharas, Palas-a brief survey of the history of the Paramaras, Kalachuris, Gahadavalas and Chauhans-administration |
| Feudalism, society, position of women, educational centres, economy, religious trends, styles of temple architecture, art, literature, an outline of scientific and technological developments |
| India’s contacts with the outside world |
India from 1206 to 1526 |
|---|
| Expansion and consolidation-the Ghorids, the Turks. The Khaljis, the Tughlaqs, the Sayyids, and the Lodis |
| Vijayanagar and Bahmani kingdoms |
| State and religion-concept of sovereignty, religious movements, and Sufism |
| Economic aspect-urban centres, industries, trade and commerce, land revenue and prices |
| Mongol problem and its impact |
| Administrative structure |
| Art, architecture, and literature |
| Sources-archaeological, Persian and non-Persian literature, foreign travellers’ account |
India from 1526 onward |
|---|
| Sources of mughal period |
| Mughal expansion and consolidation-Babur’s establishment of Mughal rule in India; Humayun and Surs; Akbar, Jahangir, Shahjahan, and Aurangzeb |
| Mughal relations with the nobility and the rajputs |
| Jahangir-the period of stability and expansions 1611-1621; the period of crises 1622-1627-the Nurjahan Junta |
| Decline of Mughal empire: Political, administrative, and economic causes |
| The Maratha movement, the foundation of Swaraj by Shivaji-its expansion and administration, Maratha confederacy and causes of decline |
| Administration: Sher Shah’s administrative reforms, Mughal administration, land revenue and other sources of income, Mansabdari, and Jagirdari |
Socio-economic and cultural life under the Mughals |
|---|
| Village society and economy, art, architecture, and literature, trade and commerce, religious policy from Akbar to Aurangzeb, urban centres and industries, currency, position of women |
Foundation of the British rule |
|---|
| Rise of European powers-expansion and consolidation of the British rule |
| British relations with major Indian powers-Bengal, Oudh, Hyderabad, Mysore, Marathas, and Sikhs |
| Administration under the East India Company and crown, paramountcy, civil service, judiciary, policy, and army |
| Local self-government, constitutional development from 1909 to 1935 |
Economic and social policies |
|---|
| Agrarian policy of the British, land revenue, agriculture and land rights, famine policy, rural indebtedness |
| Policy towards trade and industries, condition of labour, trade union movements, factory legislation, banking, transport, drain theory |
| Indian society in transition, Christian missions, socio-religious reforms movements, status of women |
| New educational policy, English language, modern sciences, journalism, Indian languages, and literature |
National movement and post-independent India |
|---|
| Rise of nationalism, Revolt of 1857, tribal and peasant movements, ideologies and programmes of Indian National Congress, Swadeshi movement, Indian revolutionary movement in Indian and abroad |
| Gandhian mass movements, ideologies and programmes of the justice party; left wing politics, movement of the depressed classes, genesis of Pakistan, India towards independence and partition |
| India after independence, rehabilitation after partition, integration of Indian states, the Kashmir question |
| Making of the Indian constitution, structure of bureaucracy and the police, economic policies and the planning process, linguistic reorganization of the states, foreign policy initiatives |
World history-concepts, ideas, and terms |
|---|
| Renaissance, reinformation, enlightenment, rights of man, Apartheid, imperialism, socialism, nazism, parliamentary democracy, commonwealth, efforts at world peace, Cold War, postmodernism |
Research in history |
|---|
| Scope and importance of history, objectivity and bias in history, causation in history, history and its auxiliary sciences, significance of regional history, recent trends of Indian history, research methodology, area of proposed research |
| Sources-primary/ secondary in the proposed area of research |
| Recent historical writings in the proposed area of research |
Ancient Indian history |
|---|
| Stone-age cultures of India, origin, date, extent, and characteristics of the Indus valley civilization |
| Evolution of social and political institutions of the Vedic period, economic and religious developments in 6th century BC, sources of Mauryan history-Megasthenes, Kautilya, Ashokan edicts and Sinhalese chronicles |
| Economy and trade during 2nd century BC-3rd century AD, schools of art, development of Stupa and Chaitya architecture, assessment of the Gupta age, ancient Indian republics-history of local self-government in India, Indian feudalism |
| Indian contacts with the outside world in the ancient period, contribution of Sankara and Ramanuja to religion and philosophy |
Medieval Indian history |
|---|
| Sources on medieval Indian history, north-west frontier and Deccan policy of the Mughals, society and economy during medieval period, religion, art, architecture, and literature during medieval period, urban economy |
| Trade and commerce during medieval period, legacy of the Mughals, 18th century debate, significance of regional history |
Modern Indian history |
|---|
| The establishment and expansion of the British dominion in India, constitutional development from 1858 to 1935, the British agrarian policies, the relief measures adopted by the British, education and social reforms under the British |
| Socio Religious reform movements in the 19th century, rise of nationalism and the Indian national congress, the Gandhian era, towards independence and partition, the making of the Indian constitution and its working |
Food and nutrition |
|---|
| Food science and quality control, macro-and micro-nutrients, human nutritional requirements, assessment of nutritional status, food biotechnology |
Institutional management and dietetics |
|---|
| Advanced management and organization, management of human resources, experimental quantity cookery, financial and profit management, quantity food preparation techniques, food service and delivery systems, marketing therapeutic dietetics |
Child and human development |
|---|
| Human development-rights perspective, principles and theories of human development, early childhood care and development-strategies, monitoring, and supervision |
| Children with special needs and children at risk (child labour, street children, child abuse, chronically sick); intervention programmes, socialization in various family contexts across different cultures, advances in assessment of children |
Clothing and textiles |
|---|
| Textiles chemistry-fibers and dyes, dyeing, printing, and finishing of fibers yarns and fabrics, textile and apparel industry-fundamental of business, specifications, quality control agencies and marketing |
| Historic and traditional textiles of world with emphasis on India, curriculum and teaching in clothing and textiles, analysis and development of curriculum; teaching methods and aids, consumer and textiles and clothing |
| Recent developments in textile and clothing |
Home and community resource management |
|---|
| Concept of home management, system approach to family, input, output, and feedback, family resources-management of resources like time energy and money; basic characteristics of resources; efficient methods of utilization of resources |
| Family life cycle-demands upon resources like time, energy, and money, concepts of ergonomics-its importance and application in home, concept of communication process and its importance in family; barriers in communication process |
| Measures for effective communication, concept of work simplification-its importance in home; simple pen and pencil technique, consumer education-laws protecting consumer; role of consumer society in protecting consumer; kinds of adulteration |
| Identification of adulteration |
Home science extension education |
|---|
| Curriculum development for formal education in home sciences, general and special methods of teaching home science, media and materials for promoting homes science in formal/ non-formal/ adult/ extension education |
| Non-formal and adult education in home science, extension education in home science, women is changing India and plans for their development, self-employment and entrepreneurship through home science, programmes of extension in home science |
| Measurement and evaluation including monitoring and supervision for formal; non-formal/ adult education/ extension education |
Essential features of Indian constitution |
|---|
| Distribution of legislative powers between union and states, fundamental rights, fundamental duties, and directive principles of state policy, judiciary, parliament and state legislatures, amending process of the constitution |
| Role of election commission in democratic process |
Nature, scope, and importance of administrative law |
|---|
| Principles of natural justice, administrative discretion and its control, judicial review of administration action-writ jurisdiction, Lokpal and Lokayukta |
Nature and sources of law |
|---|
| Legal concepts-right, duty, ownership, possession, and person, judicial process-application of doctrine of precedent of India, judicial contribution in bringing social changes, law and morality |
General principles of criminal law |
|---|
| Meaning, nature, essentials, and stages of offence, joint liability; abetment, and criminal conspiracy, offences against human body, offences against property, defamation |
Environmental pollution |
|---|
| Meaning of environment and environment pollution; kinds of pollution, legislative measures for prevention and control of environmental pollution in India-air and water pollution and general protection of environment |
| International development for protection of environment pollution, remedies for environment protection-civil, criminal, and constitutional, importance of forest and wildlife in protecting environment |
| Environmental impact assessment and control of hazardous wastes |
Nature of international law and its sources |
|---|
| Concept of sovereignty and its relevance today, recognition of state and governments, extradition, asylum, nationality, and status of refugees, international court of justice, UNO and its organs, global trade regime under international law |
Marriage |
|---|
| Divorce, adoption and guardianship, maintenance, matrimonial remedies, uniform civil code |
Concept and development of human rights |
|---|
| Contribution of unit nations in the development and implementation of human rights, implementation of human rights in India-role of national human rights commission, protection of marginalized groups-women, children, minorities, and refugees |
Nature and definition of tort |
|---|
| General principles of tortious liability, specific torts-negligence, nuisance, and defamation, absolute liability-emerging trends in India, consumer protection-evolution of consumer rights and redressal of consumer grievances |
Partnership act |
|---|
| Nature and essentials of partnership mutual rights and liabilities of partners, advantages of registration of firms, sales of goods act, negotiable instruments act, company law-role of directors, doctrines of indoor management and ultra virus |
Human resource management (HRM) |
|---|
| Significance; objectives; functions; a diagnostic model; external and internal environment; forces and influences; organizing HRM function |
| Recruitment and selection-sources of recruits; recruiting methods; selection procedure; selection tests; placement and follow-up |
| Performance appraisal system-importance and objectives; techniques of appraisal system; new trends in appraisal system |
| Development of personnel-objectives; determining needs; methods of training and development programmes; evaluation |
| Career planning and development-concept of career; career planning and development methods |
| Compensation and benefits-job evaluation techniques; wage and salary administration; fringe benefits; human resource records and audit |
| Employee discipline-importance; causes and forms; disciplinary action; domestic enquiry |
| Grievance management-importance; process and practices; employee welfare and social security measures |
| Industrial relations-importance; industrial conflicts; causes; dispute settlement machinery |
| Trade unions-importance of unionism; union leadership; national trade union movement |
| Collective bargaining-concept; process; pre-requisites; new trends in collective bargaining |
| Industrial democracy and employee participation-need for industrial democracy; prerequisites for industrial democracy; employee participation-objectives; forms of employee participation |
| Future of human resource management |
Marketing |
|---|
| Concept; nature, and scope; marketing myopia; marketing mix; different environments and their influences on marketing; understanding the customer and competition |
| Role and relevance of segmentation and positioning; static and dynamic understanding of BCG matrix and product life cycle; brands-meaning and role; brand building strategies; share increasing strategies |
| Pricing objectives; pricing concepts; pricing methods, product-basic and augmented stages in new product developments, test marketing concepts, promotion mix-role and relevance of advertising, sales promotion-media planning and management |
| Advertising-planning, execution, and evaluation, different tools used in sales promotion and their specific advantages and limitations, public relations-concept and relevance, distribution channel hierarchy; role of each member in the channel |
| Analysis of business potential and evaluation of performance of the channel members, wholesaling and retailing-different types and the strengths of cash one; emerging issues in different kinds of retailing in India |
| Marketing research-sources of information; data collection; basic tools used in data analysis; structuring a research report, marketing to organizations-segmentation models; buyer behaviour models; organizational buying process |
| Consumer behaviour theories and models and their specific relevance to marketing managers, sales function-role of technology in automation of sales function, customer relationship management including the concept of ‘relationship marketing |
| Use of internet as a medium of marketing; managerial issues in reaching consumers/ organization through internet |
| Structuring and managing marketing organizations |
| Export marketing-indian and global context |
Nature and scope of financial management |
|---|
| Valuation concepts-risk and return; valuation of securities; pricing theories-capital asset pricing model and arbitrage pricing theory, understanding financial statements and analysis thereof, capital budgeting decisions |
| Risk analysis in capital budgeting and long-term sources of finance, capital structure-theories and factors; cost of capital, dividend policies-theories and determinants, working capital management-determinants and financing; cash management |
| Inventory management; receivables management, elements of derivatives, corporate risk management, mergers and acquit ions, international financial management |
India’s foreign trade and policy |
|---|
| Export promotion policies; trade agreements with other countries; policy and performance of export zones and export-oriented units; export incentives |
| International marketing logistics; international logistical structures; export documentation framework; organization of shipping services; chartering practices; marine cargo insurance |
| International financial environment; foreign exchange markets; determination of exchange rates; exchange risk measurement; international investment; international capital markets; international credit rating agencies and implications of their ratings |
| WTO and multilateral trade agreements pertaining to trade in goods; trade in services and TRIPS; multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs); international trade blocs-NAFTA, ASEAN, SAARC, EU, WTO and dispute settlement mechanism |
| Technology monitoring; emerging opportunities for global business |
Aesthetics, rasa |
|---|
Gharanas, Baj, Sampradaya, composers, and musicians |
|---|
Interdisciplinary studies in music |
|---|
| Such as music and philosophy, music and religion music and culture, music and social sciences, music and science |
New trends of Indian music in post-independence era |
|---|
Research in music and its new avenues, music education |
|---|
Folk music, music festivals, temple music |
|---|
Vyavaharika and paramarthika satta |
|---|
| Nitya and Anitya Dravya, Karnataka, Akasa, Dik, And Kala, Samanya and Sambandha, Cit, Acit, and Atman |
Appearance and reality |
|---|
| Being and becoming, causality, space, and time, matter, mind, and self, substance and universals, the problem of personal identity |
Prama |
|---|
| Kinds of Pramanas, Khyativada, Pramanyavada, Anvitabhidhanavada, and Abhihitanvayavada, Sabdagraha |
Definition of knowledge |
|---|
| Ways of knowing, theories of error, theories of truth, belief and scepticism, problem of induction |
Concept of pratyaksha in nyaya |
|---|
| Concept of pratyaksa in Buddhism, concept of Pratyaksa in Sankara Vedanta, nature and kinds of Anumana, definition and nature of Vyapti, Hetvabhasa |
Rna and Rta |
|---|
| Purusharthas, Svadharma, Varna Dharma and Ashrama Dharma, Nishkama Karma and Lokasamgraha, Pancasila and Triratnas, Brahmaviharas |
Good, right, justice |
|---|
| Duty and obligation, cardinal virtues, eudaemonism, freedom and responsibility, crime and punishment |
Ethical cognitivism and non-cognitivism |
|---|
| Ethical realism and intuitionism, Kant’s moral theory, kinds of utilitarianism, human rights and social disparities, feminism |
Truth and validity |
|---|
| Nature of propositions, categorical syllogism, laws of thought, classification of propositions, square of opposition |
Truth-functions and propositional logic |
|---|
| Quantification and rules of quantification, decision procedures, proving validity, argument and argument-form, axiomatic system, consistency, completeness |
Possibility and need of comparative religion |
|---|
| Commonality and differences among religions, the nature of inter-religious dialogue and understanding, religious experience, modes of understanding the divine, the theory of liberation, the means for attaining liberation, the God-man relation in religions |
| World-views (Weltanschauungen) in religions, immortality, the doctrine of incarnation and prophethood, religious hermeneutics, religion and moral social values, religion, and secular society |
The linguistic turn and the conception of philosophy |
|---|
| Semantics: Frege’s distinction between sense and reference, concepts and objects, related problems and their proposed solutions: (a) identity, (b) negative existentials, (c) indirect speech, (d) propositional attitudes |
| Semantics: The meaning and role of singular terms-(a) Proper names, (b) definite descriptions, (c) demonstratives and other indexicals; the relation between meaning and truth, holistic and atomistic approach to meaning, what is a theory of meaning? |
| Pragmatics: Meaning and use; speech acts |
Phenomenology as an approach to the understanding of the human condition |
|---|
| Consciousness and intentionality, phenomenology and solipsism, the life-world (Lebenswelt), interpretation, understanding and the human sciences, the idea of the text, conflict of interpretation and the possibilities of agreement, culture |
| Situatedness, and interpretation |
Sources, general features, similarities and differences, Brahma |
|---|
| Definition and interpretations, distinction between Saguna and Nirguna and its relevance in the formation of different schools of Vedanta, Maya: Its nature, arguments for and against Maya, Atman: Its nature, relation between Atman and Brahman; Jiva |
| Interpretation of Mahavakyas, example tat tvam asi, moksa: Nature and types, marga or sadhana, roles played by jnana, karma and bhakti, different conceptions of bhakti, theories of causation, Brahman as the cause of the world: Different interpretations, |
| Brahman as the cause of the world: Prama, Pramanas, special role played by Sabda Pramana and intuition (Sakshatkara/ Aparokshanubhuti), theories of Khyatis |
Conceptions of knowledge |
|---|
| Truth and love and their relationship, language, understanding and culture, engagement with tradition, self, world and God, woman, sexuality and brahmacharya, moral foundations of good life: Dharma, Swaraj, Satyagraha and Ahimsa |
| Moral foundations of good life: Community and fellowship; the good society: Statelessness, trusteeship, Sarvodaya, Panchayati Raj, religion, Tapasya, service, means-end relationship, Gandhi and the Gandhians: Break, continuity and innovation |
Political theory |
|---|
| Nature of political theory, its main concerns, decline and resurgence since 1970s, liberalism and Marxism, individual and social justice, role of ideology, theories of change: Lenin, Mao, Gandhi |
Political thought |
|---|
| Plato and Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and J. S. Mill, Karl Marx, Gandhi, M. N. Roy, Aurobindo Ghosh |
Comparative politics and political analysis |
|---|
| Approaches to the study of comparative politics, constitutionalism in theory and practice, executive, legislature, and judiciary with special reference to India, USA, UK, and Switzerland, party system and role of opposition |
| Electoral process, separation of powers, rule of law and judicial review |
Political development |
|---|
| Political modernization, political socialisation and political culture, power and authority, political elite |
Making of the Indian constitution |
|---|
| Fundamental rights and duties, and directive principles, union executive, parliament, supreme court, judicial activism, Indian federalism: Theory, practice, and problems |
Dynamics of state politics |
|---|
| Local governments: Rural and urban, political parties, pressure groups, and public opinion, elections, electoral reforms, class, caste, gender, dalit and regional issues, problems of nation-building and integration |
Growth of public administration as a discipline; and new public administration |
|---|
| Theories of organisation (classical, scientific, human relations); principles of organisation |
| Chief executive, control over administration judicial and legislative, bureaucracy |
Development planning and administration in India |
|---|
| Bureaucracy and challenges of development, administration culture; administrative corruption, and administrative reforms |
| Panchayati Raj, impact if liberalization on public administration |
Theories of international relations |
|---|
| Ideology, power, and interest, conflicts and conflict-resolution, changing concept of national security and challenges to the nation-state system, arms and arms-control |
End of cold war |
|---|
| Globalisation and political economy of international relations in the contemporary world |
| Determinants and compulsions of India’s foreign policy; India’s nuclear policy |
| India’s relations with neighbours and usa |
| India’s role in the un |
| India and regional organizations (SAARC, ASEAN), Indian ocean |
Signal detection theory |
|---|
| Subliminal perception and related factors, information processing approach to perception, culture and perception, perceptual styles |
| Ecological perspective on perception |
Learning theories |
|---|
| Hull, Tolman, Skinner, cognitive approaches in learning: Latent learning, observational learning, experimental analysis of behaviour: Behaviour modification, shaping discrimination, learning, neurophysiology of learning |
Models of memory |
|---|
| Atkinson and Shiffrin, Craik, and Lockhart, Tulving, semantic memory: Episodic, trace model and network model, long-term memory: Retrieval cues, flashbulb memory, constructive processes in memory, eyewitness testimony |
| Long-term memory: Autobiographical memory, biological basis of memory: The search for the engram, PET scan, and biochemical actors in memory, improving memory: Strategies |
Cognitive strategies |
|---|
| Algorithms and heuristics, convergent and divergent thinking, decision-making; impediments to problem- solving, creative thinking and problem-solving, language, and thought |
Historical antecedents of motivation from mechanism to cognition |
|---|
| Cognitive bases of motivation: Intrinsic motivation, attribution, competence, measurement of motives: Issues and techniques, cross-cultural perspectives of motivation: Achievement, aggression, components of emotion: Physiological |
| Components of emotion: Expressive, and cognitive, neural mechanism of emotion: Central and peripheral, measurement of emotions: Physiological, expressive, and cognitive measures, current theories of emotions and facial feedback hypothesis, |
| Stress and coping: Reactions to stress, outcomes of stress |
Theories of intelligence |
|---|
| Cattell, Jensen, Stemberg Goleman, Creativity: Views of Torrance, Getzels, Guilford, intelligence and creativity: Relationship, abilities, and achievement: Concept and role of emotional intelligence |
Clinical and growth approaches to personality |
|---|
| Existential and humanistic theories of personality: Frankl, Rollo May, Maslow, Rogers, personality assessment: Projective, psychometric, and behavioural measures, Psychology of self: Western and eastern perspectives, measurement of self |
Research designs |
|---|
| Correlational, factorial, randomized block, matched group, quasi-experimental, lime series design, ANOVA: Randomized and repeated, correlational analysis: Partial, multiple and regression analysis, factor analysis: Assumptions, methods |
| Factor analysis: Rotation, and interpretation |
Psychological scaling |
|---|
| Purpose and methods, sources of bias in psychological testing, ethical issues in psychological testing, application of factor analysis in standardization of tests-with important illustrations |
Methods of physiological psychology |
|---|
| Lesion and brain stimulation, sleep and waking: Stages of sleep, disorders of sleep and physiological mechanisms of sep and waking, injective behavior: Drinking and its neural mechanism; hunger and its neural, endocrine system: Chemical and glandular |
Current trends in social psychology |
|---|
| Social cognition, social influence, prosocial behaviour, applied social psychology: Health, environment, and law |
Development processes |
|---|
| Nature, principles, and related concepts-maturity, experience factors in development: Biogenic, psychogenic, and sociogenic |
Stages of development |
|---|
| Theories of development : Psychoanalytic, behaviours, and cognitive |
Various aspects of development |
|---|
| Sensory-motor, cognitive, language, emotional, social, and moral |
Human development and individual differences |
|---|
| Motivation and learning, factors in educational achievement, social psychology of education, teacher effectiveness, guidance in schools: Needs, organizational set up and techniques, counselling: Process and areas |
Development of industrial and organizational psychology |
|---|
| Selection processes in organization, organizational training, performance appraisal, motivation and work, leadership, work environment, organizational behaviour: Theories, socialization, effectiveness |
Psychopathology |
|---|
| Concepts, classification and causes: Clinical diagnostics, common clinical disorders, mental retardation |
Mental health |
|---|
| Intervention models and psychotherapies |
Samhitas |
|---|
| Study of the following hymns: Rigveda-agni [1.1]; Indra [2.12]; Purusa [10.90]; Hiranyagarbha [10.121]; Nasadiya [10.129]; Vak [10.125], Atharva Veda-Prithvi [12.1] |
| Brahmanas and Aranyakas: General characteristics; peculiarities; Darsapaurnamasa sacrifice; legends-Sunahsepa and Vanmanas; Pancamahayajnas |
| Grammar and schools of Vedic interpretation: Padapatha, accent-udatta, anudatta, and svarita, points of difference between Vedic and classical Sanskrit, schools of Vedic interpretation-traditional and modern |
Study of the contents and main concepts with special reference to the following Upanishads |
|---|
| Isa; Katha; Kena; Brihadaranyaka; Taittiriya |
General and brief introduction of Vedangas |
|---|
| Nirukta (chapters I and II), four-fold division of padas-concept of Nama; concept of Akhyata; meaning of Upasargas; categories of Nipatas, six states of action (Sadbhav Ikara), purposes of the study of Nirukta, principles of etymology |
| Etymology of the following words: Acarya; Vira; Hrada; Go; Samudra; Vrtra; Aditya; Usas; Megha; Vak; Udak; Nadi; Asva; Agni; Jatavedase; Vaisvanara; Nighantu |
Mahabhasya (paspasahnika) |
|---|
| Definition of Sabda, relation between Sabda and Artha, purposes of the study of grammar, definition of Vyakarana, result of the proper use of word, method of grammar |
Mahbhasya (Paspasahnika) |
|---|
| Siddhantakaumudi: Tinanta (Bhu and Edh only), Krdanta (Krtya Prakriya only), Taddita (Matvarthiya), Karaka, Stri pratyaya |
| Linguistics: Definition of language, classification of languages (genealogical and morphological), speech-mechanism with special reference to Sanskrit sounds, causes of phonetic-change, phonetic laws (Grimm, Grassmann, and Verner) |
| Linguistics: Directions of semantic change and reasons of change, definition of Vakya and its types, general and brief introduction of Indo-European family of languages, difference between Bhasha and Vak, difference between language and dialect |
Explanation and critical questions |
|---|
| Samkhya Karika of Isvara Krsna, Vedantasara of Sadananda, Arthasamgraha of Laugaksi Bhaskara |
Ramayana |
|---|
| Arrangement of the Ramayana, legends in the Ramayana, society in the Ramayana, Ramayana as a source of later Sanskrit works, literary value of the Ramayana |
| Mahabharata: Arrangement of the Mahabharata, legends in the Mahabharata, society in the Mahabharata, Mahabharata as a source of later Sanskrit works, literary value of the Mahabharata |
| Puranas: Definition of Purana, Maha Puranas and Upapuranas, Puranic cosmology, Puranas and secular arts, Puranic legends |
Kautilya Arthasastra (first ten Adhikara) |
|---|
| Manusmrti (I, II, and VII Adhyayas), Yajnavalkyasmrti (Vyavaharadhyaya only) |
Poetry |
|---|
| Raghuvamsa (I and XIV Cantos), Kiratarjuniya (I Canto), Sisupalavadha (I Canto), Naisadhiyacarita (I Canto) |
| Prose: Dasakumaracaritam (VIII Ucchvasa), Harsacaritam (V Ucchvasa), Kadambari (Mahasveta Vrttanta) |
| Kavyasastra: Kavyaprakasa-Kavyalaksana; Kavyaprayojana; Kavyahetu; Kavyabheda; Sabdasakti; Abhihitanvayavada; Anvitabhidhanavada; concept of Rasa and discussion of Rasasutra; Rasadoga; Kavyaguna, Alarhkaras-Anuprasa; Slesa; Vakrokti; Upama; Rupaka |
| Kavyasastra: Utpreksa; Alarhkeras-Samasokti; Apahnuti; Nidarsana; Arthantaranyasa; Drstanta; Vibhavana; Visesokti; Sankara; Sansrsti, Dhvanyaloka (I Udyota) |
Natya |
|---|
| Karnabhara; Abhijnanasakuntala; Uttararamacarita; Mudraraksasa; Ratnavali, Natyasastra-Natyasastra of Bharata (I, I, and VI Adhyaya); Dasarupaka (I and III Prakasa) |
Tarkasamgraha (with Dipika) |
|---|
| Tarkabhasa of Keshav Mishra, a study of the concepts of Pramatr, Prameya, Pramana, and Pramiti |
Samhitas |
|---|
| Study of the following hymns: Rgveda-Varuna [1.25], Surya [1.125], Usas [3.61], Parjanya [5.83], Shukla Yajur Veda-Shiva Sankalpa [1.6], Prajapati [1.5], Atharva Veda-Rastrabhi Vardhanam [1.29], Kala [10.53] |
Brahmana |
|---|
| Subject-matter, Vidhi and its types, Agnihotra and Agnistoma sacrifices, Affiliation of the Brahmana texts with different Samhitas |
Rik Pratisakhya |
|---|
| Definitions of the following: Samanaksara; Sandhyaksara; Aghosa; ‘Sosman; Svarabhakti; Yama; Rakta; Samyoga; Pragya; Riphita, Nirukta (VII Adhyaya-Daivata Kanda)-types of mantras, characteristics of deities, number of deities |
Vakyapadiya (Brahmananda) |
|---|
| Nature of sphota; nature of Sabda-Brahma; powers of Sabda-Brahma; relation between Sphota and Dhvani; relation between Sabda and Artha; types of Dhvani; levels of language |
Siddhanta Kaumudi |
|---|
| Samasa; Parasmaipada Vidhana; Atmanepada Vidhana, Paniniya Shiksha |
Yogasutra-vyasabhasya |
|---|
| Cittabhumi; Cittavrttis; concept of Isvara; Yogangas; Samadhi; Kaivalya, Vedanta: Brahmasutra-Sankarabhasya (1.1), Nyaya-Vaisesika: Nyayasiddhanta-Muktabali (Anumana Khanda), Sarvadarsana-sangraha: Jainism; Buddhism |
Kavyaprakasa (II and V Ullasa) |
|---|
| Vakrokti Jivita (I Unmesa), Kavyamimamsa (I to V Adhyayas), Rasagangadhara (I Anana up to Rasanirupana) |
Palaeography |
|---|
| History of the decipherment of the Brahmi script, antiquity of the art of writing in India, theories of the origin of the Brahmi script, types of epigraphical records, Brahmi script of the Mauryan and Gupta periods |
Inscriptions of Asoka |
|---|
| Major rock edicts, major pillar edicts, Gujarra minor rock edict, Maski rock edict, Rummindei pillar edict, Bilingual inscription from Kandhara |
Post-Mauryan inscriptions |
|---|
| Sarnath Buddhist image inscription of Kanishka regal-year, 3, Mankiala inscription of Kanishka regal-year, 18, Nasik cave inscription of Nahapana time (years 41, 42, 45), Girnar rock inscription of Rudradaman, Hathigumpha inscription of Kharavela |
Gupta and post-gupta inscriptions |
|---|
| Allahabad pillar inscription of Samudragupta, Mathura stone inscription of Chandragupta II's reign-year 61, Mehrauli iron pillar inscription of Chandra, Bilsad pillar inscription of the time of Kumaragupta I |
| Damodarpur copper plate inscription of Kumaragupta I-year 128, Girnar rock inscription of Skandagupta, Indore copper plate inscription of Skandagupta, Bhitari pillar inscription of Skandagupta, Mandasor stone inscription of the Guild of silk weavers |
| Poona copper plate inscription of Prabhavati Gupta, Eran inscription of Toramana, Gwalior inscription of Mihirakula, Mandasor pillar inscription of Yasodharman, Mandasor stone inscription of Yasodharman-Visnuvardhana, Bodhagaya inscription of Mahanaman |
| Nalanda stone inscription of the time of Yasovarman, Aphsad stone inscription of Aditya Sena, Deobarnarka inscription of Kumaragupta II, Maliya copper plate inscription of Dharasena II, Haraha inscription of Isanavarman |
| Banskhera copper plate inscription of Harsha, Aihole stone inscription of Pulakesin II, Gwalior inscription of Pratihara King Mihir Bhoja |
Labour welfare and human resource management |
|---|
| Concept, principles and approaches |
| Problems concerning industrial labour in India-absenteeism, migratory character, indebtedness and exploitation |
| Concept of collective bargaining, workers’ participation in management, and HRD sub-systems |
| Legislations-factories act, 1948 and other legislations relating to trade union, industrial disputes, employees’ state insurance, wages, gratuity, P.F., bonus, plantation, mines and others |
| Role of welfare officer-use of social work knowledge and skills |
Evolution of social work practice in the field of medical and psychiatric social work in India, emerging trends and scope |
|---|
| Health/ mental health care system-policies, programmes, analysis of existing health policies, major health concerns of disadvantaged groups |
| Social and psychological factors and physical and mental disorders |
| Role of social work in health care delivery system and in institutions for the disabled |
| Social work practice in hospitals specialized medical and mental health institutions |
| Child guidance clinics, stress, and crisis intervention centers |
Concept, goals, process, and models of community development |
|---|
| Needs and problems related to urban, rural, and tribal development |
| Institution of panchayati raj-philosophy, role, and functions |
| Government programmes and service for the development of tribals, schedule castes, women and children in urban, rural and tribal areas |
| Role of NGOs in urban, rural, tribal development |
Changes in demographic and social situations of families, women, youth, aged, and children in India |
|---|
| Problems of families, women, youth, aged and children in india |
| Social legislation for families, women and children |
| Policies, programmes and services for families, women, youth, aged and children-government, NGO, national and international levels |
| Social work intervention with families, children, women, elderly and people with special needs |
Concepts of crime and deviance |
|---|
| Theories of causation |
| Objectives, forms and justification of punishment; limitations of punishment |
| Correctional services-nature and evolution, adult, and juvenile |
| Correctional programmes, institutional and community based treatment, legal provisions, intervention programmes for victims of violence, neglect, and abuse |
| Juvenile delinquency-nature and causes, juvenile justice law and organization |
| Role of social worker in correctional settings |
Phenomenology and ethnomethodology |
|---|
| Alfred Schutz, Peter Berger, and Luckmann, Garfinkel and Goffman |
Neo-functionalism and neo-Marxism |
|---|
| J. Alexander, Habermas, Althusser |
Structuration and postmodernism |
|---|
| Giddens, Derrida, Foucault |
Conceptualising Indian society |
|---|
| Peoples of India: Groups and communities, unity in diversity, cultural diversity: Regional, linguistic, religious, and tribal |
Theoretical perspectives |
|---|
| Indological/ textual perspective: G. S. Ghurye, Louis Dumont, structural-functional perspective: M. N. Srinivas, S. C. Dube, Marxian perspective: D. P. Mukherjee, A. R. Desai, civilisational perspective: N. K. Bose, Surajit Sinha |
| Subaltern perspective: B. R. Ambedkar, David Hardiman |
Contemporary issues: socio-cultural |
|---|
| Poverty, inequality of caste and gender, regional, ethnic, and religious disharmonics, family disharmony: (a) Domestic violence, (b) dowry, (c) divorce, (d) intergenerational conflict |
Contemporary issues: developmental |
|---|
| Population, regional disparity, slums, displacement, ecological degradation and environmental pollution, health problems |
Issues pertaining to deviance |
|---|
| Deviance and its forms, crime and delinquency, white collar crime and corruption, changing profile of crime and criminals, drug addiction, suicide |
Current debates |
|---|
| Tradition and modernity in India, problems of nation building: Secularism, pluralism, and nation building |
The challenges of globalization |
|---|
| Indianisation of sociology, privatization of education, science and technology policy of India |
Rural sociology |
|---|
| Approaches to the study of rural society: Rural-urban differences, rurbanism, peasant studies |
| Agrarian institutions: Land ownerships and its types, agrarian relations and mode of production debate, Jajmani system and jajmani relations, agrarian class structure |
| Panchayati Raj system: Panchayat before and after 73rd amendment, rural leadership and factionalism, empowerment of people |
| Social issues and strategies for rural development: Bonded and migrant labourers, pauperization and depeasantization, agrarian unrest and peasant movements |
| Rural development and change: Trends of changes in rural society, processes of change: Migration-rural to urban and rural to rural, mobility: Social/ economic factors of change |
Industry and society |
|---|
| Industrial society in the classical sociological tradition: Division of labour, bureaucracy, rationality, production relations, surplus value, alienation |
| Industry and society: Factory as a social system, formal and informal organization, impact of social structure on industry, impact of industry on society |
| Industrial relations: Changing profile of labour, changing labour-management relations, conciliation, adjudication, arbitration, collective bargaining, trade unions, workers participation in management (Joint Management Councils), quality circles |
| Industrialization and social change in India: Impact of industrialization on family, education, and stratification, class and class conflict in industrial society, obstacles to and limitations of industrialization |
| Industrial planning: Industrial policy, labour legislation, human relations in industry |
Sociology of development |
|---|
| Conceptual perspective on development: Economic growth, human development, social development, sustainable development: Ecological and social |
| Theories of underdevelopment: Liberal-Max Weber, Gunnar Myrdal, dependency: Centre-periphery (Frank), uneven development (Samir Amin), world-system (Wallerstein) |
| Paths of development: Modernization, globalization, socialist, mixed, Gandhian |
| Social structure and development: Social structure as a facilitator/ inhibitor, development and socio-economic disparities, gender and development |
| Culture and development: Culture as an aid/ impediment, development and displacement of tradition, development and upsurge of ethnic movements |
Population and society |
|---|
| Theories of population growth: Malthusian, demographic transition |
| Population growth and distribution in India: Growth of Indian population since 1901, determinants of population |
| Concepts of fertility, mortality, morbidity, and migration: Age and sex composition and its consequences, determinants of fertility, determinants of mortality, infant, child, and maternal mortality, morbidity rates |
| Concepts of fertility, mortality, morbidity, and migration: Determinants and consequences of migration |
| Population and development: Population as a constraint on and a resource for development, socio-cultural factors affecting population growth |
| Population control: Population policy-problems and perspectives, population education, measures taken for population control |
Gender and society |
|---|
| Gender as a social construct: Models of gendered socialization, cultural symbolism and general roles |
| Social structure and gender inequality: Patriarchy and matriarchy, division of labour-production and reproduction |
| Theories of gender relations: Liberalist, radical, socialist, post-modernist |
| Gender and development: Effect of development policies on gender relations, perspectives on gender and development-welfarist, developmentalist, empowerment |
| Women and development in India: Indicators of women’s status-demographic, social, economic, and cultural, special schemes and strategies for women’s development, voluntary sector and women’s development, globalization and women’s development, eco-feminism |
Phonetics |
|---|
| Phonetics as a study of speech sounds; articulatory and acoustic phonetics; mechanisms of speech production-air stream, phonation, oro-nasal process and articulation; classification of sounds; complex articulation-secondary articulation and coarticulation |
| Acoustic phonetics: Sound waves-frequency, amplitude; periodic complex harmonics; fundamental frequency, resonance, filtering, spectrogram, pitch, loudness, length; formants, transition, burst; voice onset; time; aspiration; noise spectra |
| Acoustic phonetics: Cues for place and manner |
| Phonemics: Phoneme, phone and allophone; contrast and complementary distribution; preliminary and analytical procedures of phonemic analysis |
| Generative phonology: Two levels of phonological representation; phonological rules; distinctive features (major class, manner, place, etc), abstractness controversy; rule ordering types |
| Lexical phonology: Distinction between lexical and post-lexical rules; principles of lexical phonology-structure preservation; strict cyclicity |
Types of morphemes |
|---|
| Root, stem, base, suffix, infix, prefix, portmanteau morpheme; affixes vs. clitics |
| Morphological processes: Derivational vs. inflectional processes (conjugation and declension); primary vs. secondary derivation |
| Level-ordered morphology: Hierarchical organization of words; lexical vs. non-lexical categories; morphology-phonology interface |
| Types of compounding: Endocentric (karmadharaya, tatpurusha), exocentric (bahuvrihi) copulative compound (dvandva) and headedness of compounds; reduplication-morphological, lexical and semantic; non-concatenative morphology |
| Morphology-syntax interface: Nominalization and the lexicalist hypothesis; auxiliation (explicator compound verb) ; incorporation and the morphology-syntax interface |
General notions |
|---|
| Structure and structure-dependence, diagnostics for structure; reference, coreference and anaphoric reference; deixis-demonstratives, tense, pronominals; context; topic, focus, focusing devices; mood; thematic roles (agent, patient, etc) |
| Grammatical relations (subject, object, etc); case (nominative, accusative, etc)-their interrelationships |
| Phrase structure: X-bar theory; head, complement, specifier; binary branching; S as IP, S-bar as CP; DP analysis of noun phrases; head-complement parameter |
| Some syntactic operations and constructions: Movement and trace; passive, raising, WH-movement (questions, relativization), topicalization, scrambling; adjuriction and substitution; head-to-head movement |
| Some syntactic operations and constructions: Movement to SPE deletion (gapping and VP-deletion); ECM (exceptional case-marking), constructions, small clauses: clefts and pseudoclefts |
| Some principles of grammar: Constraints on movement-Ross's constraints explained in terms of subjacency; government and proper government; case theory, case as motivation for movement; anaphors and pronouns; binding theory (principles A, B, and C) |
| Some principles of grammar: Strong and weak crossover; theta theory, theta ranking; PRO as subject of infinitives; quantifiers (universal and existential); quantifier raising, scope ambiguity |
Meaning (descriptive, emotive, phatic) |
|---|
| Sense and reference, connotation and denotation: Homonymy, hyponymy, antonymy, synonymy; propositions, ambiguity, specific vs. generic; definite and indefinite; compositionality and its limitations; Abhidha, Laksana, Vyanjana |
| Pragmatics: Presupposition, entailment, and implicature; speech acts, indexicals |
| Formal foundations: Membership, union, intersection, cardinality, power sets; mapping and functions; propositions, truth values, sentential connectives; arguments, predicates, quantifiers, variables |
| Model-theoretic semantics: Different models and interpretation; possible words; mood and modality; tense and aspect, counterfactuals |
Phonological reconstruction |
|---|
| Comparative method, collection of cognates, establishing phonological correspondences; reconstruction of the phonemes of the proto-language based on contrast and complementation; internal reconstruction as opposed to comparative reconstruction |
| Morphophonemic alternations as the source for reconstruction; recovering historical contrasts by comparing, alternating and non-alternating paradigms; accounting for exceptions to sound change-analogy, borrowing, onomatopoeia |
| The interplay of analogy and sound change; regularisation by analogy; paradigmatic analogy and pattern analogy; role of transparency in analogy; status of reconstructed forms, dialect variation in proto-language |
| Borrowing: Lexical and structural; different types of borrowing-cultural, intimate and dialect; classification of loanwords; impact of borrowing on language; pidgins and creoles |
| Dialect geography: Preparation of questionnaire; selection of informants and localities; elicitation of data; preparation of isogloss maps; deciding dialect and sub-dialect areas; correlating political aridregionaå and social dialects |
| Extensions of the neogrammarian theory: Social motivation of social change; study of sound change in progress; sociolinguistic studies of Martha’s vineyard and New York city; lexical diffusion-concept and application |
| Morphosyntactic reconstruction and semantic change: Phonological reconstruction applied to morphological reconstruction; phonological change leading to changes in morphology and syntax; syncretism grammaticalization and lexicalisation |
| Morphosyntactic reconstruction and semantic change: Principles of recovering grammatical categories and contrasts; semantic change-extension, narrowing, figurative speech, subreption |
| Morphosyntactic reconstruction and semantic change: Postulation of past-cultural systems-kinship and social system; environment, etc |
Speech as social interaction |
|---|
| Speech community and language boundaries; communicative competence; speech event and its components; rules of speaking; social significance of Gricean Maxims and conversational implicature; pragmatics of politeness; semantics of power and solidarity |
| Social processes and linguistic structures; cross-cultural perspectives on speech events |
| Linguistic variability: Variation in linguistic behaviour; language and identity; restricted and elaborated codes; linguistic variables and their linguistic, social and psychological dimensions; language and social inequality |
| Linguistic variability: Linguistic and social attitudes and stereotypes |
| Language contact: Bilingualism; bilingual proficiency; code-mixing and code-switching; effects of bilingualism on the individual and the society; languages of wider communication; lingua franca; language loyalty, language maintenance and shift |
| Language contact: Language convergence; pidginization and realization |
| Language development: Language planning; corpus and status planning; codification and elaboration; language movements-state and societal interventions, example writers and NGO’s; script development and modifications; problems of linguistic minorities |
| Language development: Literacy-socio-linguistic and political |
| Sociolinguistic methodology: Sampling and tools; identification of socio-linguistic variables and their variants; data processing and interpretation; quantitative analysis; variable rules; ethnomethodology; participant observation |
| Sociolinguistic methodology: Qualitative analysis of data |
Linguistics and psycholinguistics |
|---|
| Language and other signalling systems: Biological bases of human language-experimental studies of teaching language to primates, language in evolutionary context, brain-language relationship and its models, cerebral dominance and lateralization |
| Language and other signalling systems: Bilingual brain, the critical period hypothesis; the different theoretical orientations-empiricist-behaviourist, biological nativist, and cognitive-interactionist |
| Language and other signalling systems: Language and cognition-linguistic relativity and perceptual categories |
| Developmental psycholinguistics: First language acquisition and second language learning; bilingual acquisition, issues and processes in language acquisition; three periods in the history of child language studies-diary, large sample and longitudinal |
| Developmental psycholinguistics: Stages of language acquisition; acquisition of formal aspects of language-speech sounds, lexical items, grammatical and syntactic categories; language and environmental factors-motherese |
| Developmental psycholinguistics: Second language learning-implications of first language acquisitions; social and psychological factors in second language learning; learning of reading and writing skills |
| Language processing: The processes of perception-comprehension and production; perceptual units and perceptual strategies; parsing and parsing strategies; steps in comprehension; sentence comprehension and discourse comprehension |
| Language processing: Mental representation of language and lexicon; relationship between comprehension and production; sentence and discourse strategies in comprehension and production; speech errors as evidence of language production |
| Applied psycholinguistics: Aphasia and its clinical and linguistic classifications; anomia, and dyslexia; stuttering; language in mental retardation; language in schizophrenia; language loss in aging; language in the hearing-impaired |
| Applied psycholinguistics: Data from normative and pathological language and their use for assessment of speech and language impairment; therapeutic intervention |
Processes of learning |
|---|
| Language as a formal system and as a major factor in communication; learning a language and learning through language; behaviourist and cognitive theories of language learning including-Skinner, Piaget and Chomsky, etc |
| Learning and communicative strategies, focus on the learner |
| Language teaching analysis: Goals of language teaching and needs of analysis-first and second language acquisition, linguistic theory and language teaching syllabus-methods and materials; the role of the teacher and teacher training |
| Language teaching analysis: Role of self-access packages; socio-linguistic and psychological aspects of language teaching |
| Learner output: Conceptualising language proficiency in multilingual settings; interaction between the learner's languages and the target languages-contrastive analysis (CA), error analysis and interlanguage |
| Learner output: Basic interpersonal communicative skills (BICS) and cognitive advanced language proficiency (CALP); types of tests and their validity and reliability |
| Literacy: Conceptualising literacy; role of language in literacy; oracy and literacy; literacy development and empowerment; state initiatives, campaign based programmes and other non-governmental initiatives |
| Literacy: Literacy drives emergence and role of social movements |
| Mass communication: Role of language in mass communication; impact of mass media on language, types of language used in mass media e.g. news, advertising, editorials, etc; language of mass media and social change |
Language typology |
|---|
| Universals and linguistic relatedness: Language typology and language universals; morphological types of languages-agglutinative, analytical (isolating), synthetic fusional (inflecting), infixing and polysynthetic (incorporating) languages |
| Universals and linguistic relatedness: Formal and substantive universals, absolute and statistical universals; implicational and non-implicational universals; linguistic relatedness-genetic, typological and areal classification of languages |
| Inductive vs deductive approaches: Parametric variation and language universals; word order typology; Greenberg's characteristics for verb final and verb medial languages and related features in the context of south asian languages |
| Salient features of South Asian language families: Phonetic, phonological, morphological, and syntactic features of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, and Tibeto-Burman language families of South Asia |
| Salient features of South Asian language families: Language contact and convergence with special reference to the concept of 'India as a linguistic area'; contact induced typological change; convergence and syntactic change |
| Phonology, morphology, and syntax of South Asian languages: An in-depth study of retroflexion, vowel harmony, reduplication, echo formation, expressives (Onomatopoeia), morphological, lexical and periphrastic causatives, explicator compound verbs |
| Phonology, morphology, and syntax of South Asian languages: Participles (conjunctive, perfect, imperfect), relative-correlative clauses, experiencer constructions (dative/ genitive subject), anaphora, complementation, verb be, the quotative and agreement |
Making of a dictionary |
|---|
| Dictionary entries-arrangement and information, meaning descriptions-synonymy, polysemy, homonymy, antonymy and hyponymy; treatment of technical terms vs general words |
| Types of dictionaries: Comprehensive and concise, monolingual and bilingual, general and learner's, historical and etymological, dictionary of idioms and phrases, encyclopaedic dictionary, electronic dictionary, reverse dictionary |
| Types of dictionaries: Thesaurus and other distinguishing purposes and features of various types; difference between glossing, dictionary and lexicon |
| Nature of translation: Paraphrase, translation and transcreation; translation of literary text and technical text; theories of translation; use of linguistics in translation; linguistic affinity and translatability |
| Methods of translation: Unit of translation; equivalence of meaning and style; translation loss; problems of cultural terms; scientific terms; idioms, metaphors and proverbs; evaluation of translation; fidelity and readability |
| Methods of translation: Types of translation-simultaneous interpretation, machine aided translation, media translation (dubbing, copy-editing, advertisement, slogans, jingles, etc) |
| Nature and methods of stylistic analysis: Style-stylistic individual, style, period, style as choice, style as deviation, style as Riiti, style as Alankaara; style as Vyanjana (Vakrokti) foregrounding |
| Nature and methods of stylistic analysis: Parallelism levels of stylistic analysis-phonological, lexical, syntactic and semantic |
Introduction |
|---|
| Computational linguistics and its relation to allied disciplines in cognitive science-philosophy, psychology and artificial intelligence; a brief history of the area of inquiry-Babbage to Von Neumann, computing machines from the abacus to the IBM PC |
| Hardware-the basic components and peripherals of a digital computer; software-machine language, compilers; interpreters information processing, structuring and manipulating data |
Phonology, morphology, and lexicography |
|---|
| Finite state implementation of phonological rules, item and arrangement-morphology and its implementation, item and process-morphology; a brief introduction to KIMMO; morphological recognizers, analyzers and generators for indian languages |
Computational lexicography |
|---|
| The craft of dictionary making; the digital computer as a lexicographic tool; lexical databases and on-line dictionary-corpus-based dictionaries; lexical acquisition from machine readable dictionaries (MRDS) |
| Major lexicographical projects-the Longman dictionary of contemporary english (LDOCE) and the Collins cobuild project |
Parsing, syntax, and semantics |
|---|
| Parsing and generation top-down and bottom up parsing; types of parsers; unification and unification-based grammars-definite clause grammar (DCG), generalised phrase structure grammar (GPSG); lexical functional grammar (LFG) |
| Head-driven phrase structure grammar (HSPG) and tree adjoining grammar (TAG) |
| Reference and compositionality, functions and arguments, meanings of referring expressions and predicates; meanings of determiners, quantifiers, adverbs, adjectives and prepositions; putting meanings |
Corpus linguistics |
|---|
| Corpus-building and corpus-processing, SGML and text encoding initiative, corpus tagging and tree banks, corpus projects-the Brown Corpus and Lancaster-Oslo Bergen (LOB) corpus, the survey of english usage (SEU) |
| Corpus and London-Lund corpus of spoken english (LLC), the Kolhapur corpus of Indian english; the TDIL corpus project of the department of electronics |
Language technology |
|---|
| Natural language interface to databases, cooperative response systems, speech technology-text-to-speech and speech-to-text systems, machine (aided) translation; computer aided language teaching; text processing; major European and American projects |
| The Japanese fifth generation initiative, natural language processing in India |
Basic issues in the principles and parameters theory |
|---|
| Interaction of principles within certain parameters, language specific examples and the question of basic word order; problems with the theory |
From principles and parameters theory to the minimalist program |
|---|
| Reasons for discarding d-structure and s-structure |
| How does the computational system work in the minimalist program?, functional categories and the significance of DP analysis; AGRSP, AGROP, and tense-phrase; scope for innovation to account for language specific phrasal categories |
Some key concepts in the minimalist program |
|---|
| Spell-out, greed, procrastination, last resort, AGR-based case theory, multiple-spec hypothesis, strong and weak features; interpretable and uninterpretable features |
Transformational components |
|---|
| The copy theory of movement, its properties, its motivation for move alpha, LF and PF movement, checking devices of convergence |
Prosodic phonology |
|---|
| The syllable, the foot, the word, the phonological phrase, the intonational phrase, generalizations based on prosodic units |
Autosegmental phonology |
|---|
| Tone, nasal spread; vowel harmony; C-V tier prosodic morphology; feature hierarchy |
Non-derivational phonology |
|---|
| Optimality theory-main theoretical assumptions; constraint rankings |
Socio-linguistics |
|---|
| Sociolinguistic perspective to the process of language change; social motivation and mechanisms of sound change |
| Language, ideology and social change, the power-politics of language standardization; implications for literacy and school education; language and gender |
Communication networks |
|---|
| Networks and speech and verbal repertoire, types of network, redefining 'speech community' in terrns of networks, speech and multiple identities |
Ethnography of communication and ethnomethodology |
|---|
| Talk, discourse and turn taking; redefining communicative competence; communication and social structure |
Brain-language relationship |
|---|
| Issues in neurolinguistics and linguistic aphasiology, cerebral dominance, lateralization and handedness; models of brain-language relationship-classical connectionist, hierarchical, global and process models |
Brain pathology and language breakdown |
|---|
| Aphasia and its classification; classical categories, linguistic account, overview of linguistic aphasiology, anomia and agrammatism; dyslexia and its classification |
Linguistics and language pathology |
|---|
| Use of linguistics in diagnosis and prognosis of language disorders; language pathology and normal language |
Language pathology and language disorders |
|---|
| Stuttering; nature and analysis of language in psychopathological conditions; schizophrenic language; language in mental retardation |
Language disorders and intervention |
|---|
| Variation in language disorders; need and scope of intervention; therapeutic use of language |
The JK SET consists of three papers. All the three papers will consist of only multiple choice questions and in two separate sessions. In the first session, Paper I will carry a total of 100 marks and will be of 75 minutes (from 9:30am to 10:45am). There will be a total of 60 questions of 2 marks each out of which 50 are to be attempted. JK SET Paper-I shall be of general nature, intended to assess the teaching/research aptitude of the candidate. It will primarily be designed to test reasoning ability, comprehension, divergent thinking and general awareness of the candidate. In the event of a candidate attempting more than fifty questions, the first fifty questions attempted by the candidate would be evaluated.
Paper II will be conducted in the first session. The duration of the exam will be 75 minutes (from 10:45 am to 12 noon). JK SET shall consist of 50 multiple choice type (all compulsory) questions based on the subject selected by a candidate. Each question will carry 2 marks. The paper will have a total of 100 marks.
Paper III of JK SET exam will be conducted in the second session. It will consist of 75 multiple choice compulsory questions from the subject selected by the candidate. Each question will carry 2 marks. All questions of Paper-III also will be compulsory, covering entire syllabus (including all electives, without options). The duration of Paper III will be 150 minutes (from 1:30 pm to 4:00pm).
A candidate will have to mark the responses for questions of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III on the Optical Mark Reader (OMR) sheets provided along with the Test Booklets.
The admit card of JK SET was released online on September 20 ,2023 on the official website a week prior to the exam date. Candidates were advised to take the printout of the JK SET hall ticket and keep a copy with them for reference. They had to carry the JK SET admit card to the exam hall on the exam day as no candidate was allowed to sit for the exam without it.
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar |
| Jammu |
University of Kashmir released the JK SET scorecard in online mode on January 1, 2024. The result was released on the official website and candidates could check the same by entering the roll number as given in the admit card. The preparation of result and shortlisting of candidates included the below 3 steps:
The first step states that the minimum marks to be obtained in JK SET for considering a candidate eligible for Assistant Professor is that General Category candidates must obtain minimum of 40% in Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III whereas Candidates belonging to different Reserved Categories have to obtain a minimum of 35% in Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III.
The second step says that amongst those candidates who cleared step I, a merit list will be prepared subject-wise and category-wise using the aggregate marks of all the three papers secured by such candidates.
The third and last step states that the top 6% of the appearing candidates who appear in all the three papers who secure atleast 40% aggregate marks for candidates belonging to General Category and atleast 35% aggregate marks for candidates belonging to reserved categories, from the merit list mentioned under step II, will qualify JK SET exam.
| Year | Category | Cutoff |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | General | 40 |
| OBC | 35 | |
| SC | 35 | |
| ST | 35 |
| Contacts: | 0194-2272170 |
| +3 More | |
| Relevant Links: | Official Website Link Click Here |
| +4 More |
Answer:
The JKSET 2023 exams consisted of papers, I and II of marks 100 and 200, respectively.
Answer:
JK SET is a state-level exam conducted to determine the eligibility of candidates for the post of Assistant Professor in universities and colleges of the Union Territories of Jammu & Kashmir (JKSET) and Ladakh (LASET).
Answer:
There is no negative marking in JKSET.
Answer:
The JKSET is conducted through Two Papers.
Answer:
The last date for JK SET application forms 2023 was June 4, 2023.
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